Abstract: An environment-friendly basic oil based on natural materials for the formulation of hydraulic oils having improved viscosity at elevated temperature and lower pour point contains rapeseed oil or soybean oil as the main component, an antioxidant selected from methoxyphenol, ethoxyphenol, butyl hydroxyanisole, butyl hydroxytoluene, methoxyhydroquinone, ethoxyhydroquinone, tertiary butyl hydroquinone, and tocopherol, and an ester of a monocarboxylic acid or a fatty acid.

Abstract: An aqueous waterwhite clear liquid detergent concentrate consisting essentially ofA) at least one sodium, potassium or ammonium salt of a straight or branched chain C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 alkylethoxy (1-3EO) sulfate;B) at least one mono- or di-ethanolamide or isopropanolamide of a C.sub.10 -C.sub.18 straight or branched chain saturated fatty acid; andC) from about 20 to about 90% by weight of water based on the weight of the concentrate; and wherein the weight ratio of component A to component B is in the range of from about 3:1 to about 20:1.The invention also relates to diluted in-use solutions of the above concentrate, which are especially useful for hand dishwashing.

Abstract: The paint adhesion and corrosion resistance of surfaces of aluminum and its alloys, particularly when using a paint based on poly{vinyl chloride}, is improved by using a conversion coating solution having a pH in the range from 1.0 to 3.0 and consisting essentially of water and:(A) an amount of phosphate ions that is stoichiometrically equivalent to at least 5.0 g/L of phosphoric acid;(B) at least 1.0 g/L of hexavalent chromium;(C) at least 0.1 g/L of fluoride ions; and(D) a complex fluoride ion component selected from the group consisting of:(i) at least 4.0 g/L of fluosilicate ions,(ii) at least 0.5 g/L of fluoborate ions,(iii) at least 2.0 g/L of fluozirconate ions, and(iv) at least 2.0 g/L of fluotitanate ions.

Abstract: A process for preparing high detergency or surfactant alkyl polyglycoside compositions and a purified alkyl monoglycoside and to compositions employing the polyglycosides for various end use applications. The process involves removal of a substantial portion of the monoglycoside present in a reaction product mixture containing alkyl polyglycosides resulting from the reaction of an alcohol and saccharide at elevated temperatures in the presence of an acid catalyst. Separation of the monoglycoside from the reaction product mixture may be carried out by molecular distillation.

Abstract: A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly cold rolled steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising:(A) a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of (i) at least four fluorine atoms and (ii) at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron, and, optionally, (iii) ionizable hydrogen atoms, and, optionally, (iv) one or more oxygen atoms;(B) a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component (A) being at least 1:5;(C) sufficient free acid to give the composition a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.

Abstract: A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly galvanized steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising:(A) a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of (i) at least four fluorine atoms and (ii) at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron and, optionally, (iii) one or more oxygen atoms;(B) a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, aluminum and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component (A) being at least 2:5; and(C) sufficient free acid to give the composition, after dilution with from 1 to 19 times its own weight of water, a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.

Abstract: A process for the production of polyol ethers comprising the steps ofA) reacting a mixture of at least one polyol and at least one carbonyl compound of the formulaR.sup.1 --CO--R.sup.2 (I)in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another represent hydrogen or aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms and 0, 1, 2, or 3 double bonds, with hydrogen at an elevated temperature in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst which is insoluble in the reaction mixture; andB) removing the polyol ether-containing reaction product from the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the production of a highly concentrated fatty alcohol sulfate paste comprising the steps of: (1) forming a crude sulfonation product by reacting a mixture of an inert gas and sulfur dioxide with a mixture comprised of: (a) an unsaturated fatty alcohol of the formula IR.sup.1 --OH (I)wherein R.sup.1 is a linear unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and 1, 2, or 3 double bonds, (b) a saturated fatty alcohol of the formula IIR.sup.2 --OH (II)wherein R.sup.2 is a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms; wherein the molar ratio of sulfur trioxide/fatty alcohol mixture is from 0.95:1 to 1.3:1 and (2) neutralizing, at a temperature of from 50.degree. C. to 90.degree. C., said crude sulfonation product with a quantity of aqueous base sufficient to form a water-containing fatty alcohol sulfate paste product having a solids content of from 60% to 70% by weight and a viscosity of less than 10 Pa.s at 60.degree. C.

Abstract: Curable systems for the preparation of polymeric products in which the curable system comprises an epoxy resin or an isocyanate, wherein the system contains a condensation reaction product ofa) a polyamine having only one primary amino group and only one tertiary amino group, and a non-cyclic backbone containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms; andb) at least one of urea, guanidine, guanylurea, thiourea, and a mono-N,N' alkyl substituted urea or thiourea having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl moieties.

Abstract: The invention relates to alkoxylated compounds prepared by reaction of epoxidized C.sub.10-22 carboxylic acid derivatives with C.sub.2-4 alkylene oxides in the presence of alkoxylation catalysts and mono- and/or polyhydric alcohols.

Abstract: An adhesive based on glues, resins, and an alcohol is provided. The adhesive develops strengths similar to synthetic resin dispersions in the bonding of paper to plastic surfaces and has a high wet adhesive strength. The adhesive is particularly useful in the labelling of plastic surfaces particularly plastics such as polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, and polyethylene terephthalate.

Abstract: A concentrated aqueous liquid detergent containing 8 to 25% by weight of a C.sub.12-18 alkane sulfonate, 21 to 32% by weight of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol, 5 to 10% by weight of a partly esterified copolymer, and optionally 1 to 22% by weight other surfactants. The partially esterified copolymer is a copolymer of a C.sub.4-26 olefin or a mixture of a C.sub.4-28 olefin and up to 20 mole percent of a C.sub.1-28 alkyl vinyl ether, and an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The production of paste-form, bleach-containing and substantially water-free detergents or cleaning preparations was to be improved by the direct use of hydrated zeolite. This was essentially done by impregnating the zeolite with 3 times to 10 times the quantity, based on its weight, of an organic polar deactivating agent which is liquid at room temperature and normal pressure and which has a dielectric constant at 20.degree. C. of at least 2.3 C.sup.2.

Abstract: Minerals can be recovered by flotation from non-sulfidic ores by using detergent mixtures containing:a) salts of sulfonation products of unsaturated fatty acids corresponding formula (I):R.sup.1 C(O)--OH (I)in which R.sup.1 CO is a linear or branched aliphatic acyl radical containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 double bonds, andb) salts of sulfonation products of unsaturated fatty acid glycerol esters corresponding to formula (II): ##STR1## in which R.sup.2 C(O) is a linear or branched aliphatic acyl radical containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 double bonds and R.sup.3 C(O) and R.sup.4 C(O) independently of one another represent a linear or branched aliphatic acyl radical containing 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 to 5 double bonds,and, optionally, other anionic and/or nonionic surfactants, as collectors.

Abstract: Described is the use of oleophilic esters of ecologically compatible polycarboxylic acids with oil-soluble and ecologically compatible monofunctional alcohols and/or polyfunctional alcohols which may also be watersoluble as the oil phase or as a component of the oil phase of oil-based or water-based drilling fluids and other fluid drill-hole treatment agents. The oleophilic polycarboxylic acid esters are especially suitable as component of the continuous oil phase of inverted fluids of the W/O type. Here--if rheologically suitable compounds will be employed--they may comprise the at least predominant portion of the continuous oil phase; but also possible is the concomitant use of complex oleophilic polycarboxylic acid esters, which are not or just to a restricted degree fluid in a temperature range of from 0.degree. C. to 20.degree. C., as an additive in fluid oils of the class of the non-polluting oils.

Abstract: Moisture-hardening one-component polyurethane paints for coating elastomeric parts, consisting of polyfunctional isocyanate compounds, solvents and, optionally, auxiliaries and/or coupling agents, which contain reactive polysiloxanes and reactive surfactants for improving surface slip, may be applied by a simple painting process to elastomers, particularly apolar elastomers, for example based on styrene-butadiene rubber or polyethylene-propylene-diene and, after drying, have an optically smooth surface with good surface-slip properties with respect to glass and no abrasive effect.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid detergent comprising an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an alkyl glucoside, a soap of an unsaturated or saturated fatty acid, a polyhydric alcohol and from abut 10 to abut 20% by weight of citric acid or an alkali metal salt thereof.

Abstract: The isomeric 11-oxa-tricyclo[7.3.0.0.sup.2,6 ]dodecene derivatives proposed are valuable new odoriferous substances characterized by their different nuances of intense woody notes and extremely high persistence. They can be mixed with each other, or with other odoriferous substances, in widely varying proportions to give new perfume compositions, generally containing between 1 and 50% by wt., relative to tile weight of the whole composition, of the derivatives proposed.

Abstract: Process for the production of oligomeric fatty acids and lower alkyl esters thereof in which fatty acids containing 16 to 24 carbon atoms and 2, 3, 4 or 5 double bonds and/or lower alkyl esters thereof are oligomerized with C.sub.1-4 alcohols at an elevated temperature in the presence of a tin halide catalyst, optionally in combination with a halide of titanium, iron, cobalt, nickel, lead, and/or germanium.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycoside isethionates prepared by reacting salts of vinyl sulfonic acid at an elevated temperature and in the presence of basic compounds, with alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides of the formula (1): R.sup.1 O--(G).sub.p in which R.sup.1 is a straight-chain or branched-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0, 1,2 or 3 double bonds, G is a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and p is a number between 1 and 10. The products exhibit marked surface-active characteristics and are useful as surfactants.