Abstract: A liquid electrophoretic developer composition suitable for rendering visible electrostatically charged areas, which composition contains in an electrically insulating non-polar organic carrier liquid having a volume resistivity of at least 10.sup.9 ohm.cm and a dielectric constant less than 3, pigment particles carrying at least one substance conferring electric charges on said particles, dispersed with the aid of a block copolymer containing one adsorbent group A and at least one solvatable group B, characterized in that said group A represents a polystyrene chain having a number average molecular weight of at least 2,000, and said group B represents a polymethacrylate fatty alcohol ester chain having a number average molecular weight of at least 7,000. The adsorption of said block copolymer to pigment particles is illustrated in FIG. 1.

Abstract: Azo dyes corresponding to the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a releasable group, R.sup.2 represents H, halogen or sulphonyl, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represent H or groups not capable of chelate formation, and Q represents a group for completing a phenyl or naphthyl group,combine with nickel ions to form stable azo dye-metal complexes which have advantageous spectral properties. They are therefore particularly suitable for the production of highly light-fast magenta images, e.g. by the ink jet process, in which they may be used directly in the form of colored inks, or by the dye diffusion transfer process, in which they are released imagewise from suitable dye-releasers in the course of development and transferred to a dye-receptive layer.

Abstract: The suspension developer contains as a toner polymer-sheathed pigment particles in an electrically insulating carrier liquid. The sheath of the pigment particles is formed by precipitation polymerization from various (meth)acrylates, a cross-linker and, optionally, a vinyl or vinylidene monomer. The developer has an outstanding dispersion stability which does not change during use or storage.

Abstract: An arrangement for projecting data onto an X-ray film has a housing which is designed to support a film cassette. The housing has a pair of mutually perpendicular slots which are capable of receiving a data carrier card. The slots are so designed that the data-carrying part of the card is exposed when the card is supported in either of the slots. A light source for illuminating the data-carrying part of the card is positioned so as to be on the optical axis of the data-carrying part when the card is accommodated in a first one of the slots but not the second. A partially light-transmissive mirror is mounted between the latter slot and the light source and is inclined at an angle of 45.degree. to both of the slots. The mirror transmits a portion of the light from the light source to one of the slots and reflects the light returning to it from this slot towards the film inverting the image of the data in the process.

Abstract: A xerographic copying apparatus including a device for monitoring the concentration of toner in a xerographic developer mixture of ferromagnetic particles and non-ferromagnetic toner, said device comprising a measuring induction coil that is mounted close to the developer supply so that its magnetic field traverses a portion of the mass of the developer, and a reference induction coil that is mounted close to the measuring coil, but with its magnetic field prevented from traversing the developer mixture, and suitably closely on a wall of the hopper for the toner supply.

Abstract: The leaders of successive topmost sheets of a stack of sheets are lifted by a set of aligned suction cups which move each leader into a horizontal plane including the nip of two advancing rolls. The suction cups insert the leading edge of each leader into the nip and continue to adhere to the leader while the latter is advanced by the rolls so that the leader pulls the suction cups against the opposition of a weak spring tending to move the suction cups and their mobile support to a starting position. The drive for the advancing rolls is thereupon arrested for an interval of time which suffices to ensure the collapse of suction in the cups by arresting the suction pump and by simultaneously opening a valve which connects the interior of each cup with the atmosphere.

Abstract: In a copying machine a copy-receiving device is provided which includes a table with a plate inclined to a horizontal at a predetermined angle and supporting thereon sets of copies or sheets to be stapled together by a stapling device which is insertable into the copy-receiving device and arranged at the lower end of the inclined plate. The stapling device is actuated by a drive motor, a crank drive with a pulling bar having an end portion with a compression spring thereon, and an actuating arm pivotally connected to the end portion of the pulling bar. The spring compensates for various thickness is of the stacks of sheets being stapled and provides for displacement-free stapling of the sheets.

Abstract: Electrophotographic image transfer apparatus wherein a toner image on an image-donating element, e.g., previously uniformly charged and image-wise exposed photoconductor sheet, is transferred to a receptor element. Exact parallelism between both elements during such passage through a toner transfer zone is obtained by fitting one element onto a rotatable cylindrical member, fitting the other element to a flat holder that is carried tangentially of the cylindrical member, mounting the flat holder for balancing about a pivot axis which runs parallel with the direction of holder movement, providing two laterally spaced spacing strips to control the gap between the two elements, and biasing the flat holder towards the cylindrical supporting member with the spacer strips therebetween.The apparatus is principally intended for producing large-size lithographic aluminum printing plates.

Abstract: A photographic material suited for the production of (an) azine dye image(s), and having at least one silver halide emulsion layer and/or a separate layer in water-permeable relationship with such an emulsion layer which contains:(1) a heterocyclic hydrazone compound,(2) a phenol, naphthol or active methylene coupler compound capable of forming on oxidative coupling with compound (1) an azine dye,(3) an electron transfer agent or ETA-compound capable of forming a positively charged semiquinone on oxidation with exposed silver halide,(4) a reducing agent capable of reducing the thus-formed semiquinone in acidic medium, and having in the pH range of 2-5, a polarographic half-wave potential (E 1/2) which is at least 40 mV more negative (according to the European Convention) than the polarographic half-wave potential of the ETA-compound in the same pH range, said material being suited for processing with a simple aqueous alkaline liquid, and(5) an acidic medium.

Abstract: A coupling device for transmitting torque from a first film transporting rack to a neighboring second film transporting rack in a developing machine has a first shaft extending outwardly from a sidewall of one of the racks, a second shaft which extends outwardly from one sidewall of the other rack and is movable into axial alignment with the first shaft, first and second gears on the respective shafts, and a sleeve having an internal gear which is in permanent mesh with one of the gears and is movable axially into and from mesh with the other gear. The sleeve has internal elastic prongs which extend into a circumferential groove of the shaft for the one gear when the internal gear meshes with the other gear.

Abstract: A photographic recording material consisting of a layer support, at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing gelatine and optionally other gelatine-containing layers which are not light-sensitive contains in at least one of the layers a cross-linked polymer latex on the basis of a low molecular weight carboxylic acid amide. The latex may advantageously be used as a binding agent or for introducing residues of photographically active substances into a photographic layer.

Abstract: An arrangement for loading and unloading X-ray film cassettes is provided with a channel bounded by bottom, top and lateral walls. At one of its ends, the channel has an inlet opening for the cassettes, while it is provided with an abutment wall at its other end. A plurality of transporting rollers is accommodated in respective slots of the bottom wall, each of the transporting rollers slightly projecting above the bottom wall to engage and entrain the respective cassette resting thereon. A switching roller is situated in a recess of the bottom wall between the inlet opening and the first of the transporting rollers. The switching roller is supported on springs so that, when the cassette rests thereon, it is depressed into the recess, so that the respective spring activates an associated light barrier that issues a control signal. The control signal is used for energizing the drive for the transporting rollers, if de-energized, and for de-energizing the drive, if energized.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring sheets from a relatively wide or relatively narrow stack of sheets into a transporting device has a pair of suction cups which engage the leader of the topmost sheet in the stack and turn it through 90.degree. so that the leader becomes separated from the leader of the sheet therebelow. The suction cups are thereupon raised to the level of the nips of driven advancing rolls in the transporting device to move the leader into a plane which includes the nips and is parallel to the planes of sheets in the stack, and such leader is introduced into the nips so that the advancing rolls engage the leader while the latter becomes detached from the suction cups.

Abstract: In a process and an apparatus for the exposure and development of photographic images according to the dye diffusion process a monosheet material is used, the laminated structure of which is divided by a layer which is impermeable to light but permeable to moisture into a photosensitive side of the sheet for image-wise exposure and a non-photosensitive side for observation and supplying the activator or developer solution. The said monosheet material is exposed image-wise in the dark and the photosensitive side then sealed in a light and moisture proof manner in a development apparatus in which the non-photosensitive side of the monosheet lies open and is exposed to an activator in daylight so that the image formation takes place visibly. Once the image quality has been achieved the development is stopped by removing the activator and by subsequent rinsing. The monosheet is dried in a conventional manner but only on one side.

Abstract: A deformable container for sections of developed photographic roll films and for prints of images on such film sections has a square or rectangular base sheet of paper, cardboard or the like and a cover sheet of paper or synthetic plastic material. The sheets overlie each other and are bonded to one another along three marginal sections and a median section to define a narrower film compartment and a wider print compartment. Both compartments are open at those ends which face the fourth marginal sections of the sheets. One or more fold lines are provided between the two compartments to allow for folding of one compartment over the other compartment. Several containers form a strip of coherent containers, and the containers of the strip can be formed with one or more rows of perforations to facilitate automatic transport in a photographic processing laboratory wherein the film sections and the prints are introduced into the respective compartments by automatic equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a film spool with double hooks for fastening the perforated end of a film in the slot of a film spool, whereby a bar is positioned in the slot, on said bar are provided at least two pairs of hooks having hooking directions which are displaced in pairs by 180.degree. and are arranged above and below the central bar and holding down devices are provided in the slot above and below the central bar.

Abstract: Tertiary amines may be quaternized by heating them with a sulfoalkylating agent of this invention to a temperature of from 100.degree. to 250.degree. C. The sulfoalkylating agents which are believed to be hydroxy alkane sulfonic acid sulfoalkyl esters are free from sultone and are prepared by heating a hydroxy alkane sulfonic acid of propane or butane or the corresponding sultone to a temperature in the region of from 80.degree. to 180.degree. C. in the presence of water in an amount of 1 to 4 moles per mole of hydroxy alkane sulfonic acid or alkane sultone.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring xerographic images from one element surface to another while the elements are advanced synchronously through an image transfer station.One element is supported on a drum and the other is supported on a carriage that is arranged for tangential displacement along the drum periphery and the carriage is driven from the drum by a flexible tie member that is angularly wound on the drum during its rotation, and is engaged at its free end to said drum. Such engagement is preferably detachable to permit independent driving of the carriage except during the image transfer operation and re-engagement is preferably accomplished automatically at the beginning of the image transfer operation.

Abstract: An arrangement for conveying superimposed photographic sheets into a processing bath includes a pair of cooperating rollers each of which has a central section of reduced diameter. A guide sheet having the shape of an isosceles triangle is arranged downstream of the rollers. The apex of the guide sheet confronts the rollers while the base is remote from and extends parallel to the rollers. A wedge-shaped ledge spans the guide sheet adjacent to the base on either side of the guide sheet. The ledges function to space the superimposed photographic sheets being conveyed. A tongue which initially separates the photographic sheets projects upstream from the apex of the guide sheet and extends between the central sections of the rollers. A part-spherical protuberance is formed on either side of the junction between the tongue and the guide sheet. The protuberances displace the photographic sheets so that the leading edges of the latter do not catch at the corners between the tongue and the guide sheet.

Abstract: A laminate for conversion of X-rays into radiation that darkens X-ray films has a flexible plate which is disposed between a fluorescent layer and a ferromagnetic layer. The latter enables the plate and the fluorescent layer to bear against an X-ray film in a cassette or at an exposure station for X-ray films by being attracted to a plate-like permanent magnet. The ferromagnetic layer is permanently bonded to the respective side of the flexible plate or is simply confined between the plate and an outer layer which is permeable to X-rays and whose marginal portions extend beyond the ferromagnetic layer and are bonded to the respective marginal portions of the plate. Alternatively, the ferromagnetic layer can be inserted into a sealable envelope or bag which is bonded to the respective side of the plate, namely, to that side of the plate which away from the fluorescent layer.