Abstract: A still camera has a generally L-shaped electronic flash unit permanently mounted on it. The flash unit can pivot between an upright operative position and a substantially horizontal inoperative position in which its flash head is located above the camera lens mount and the unit forms an integrated part of the housing.

Abstract: A copying machine has plural infeed capabilities, being provided for example with plural sheet supply units supplying sheets of different respective types or formats. A control panel is provided with a plurality of operator-activated dual-purpose select-and-start switches. When the operator activates one of these switches, this both selects the respective infeed capability and also commands initiation of copying, so that the operator need not thereafter press a second switch merely to initiate copying. The select-and-start switches are pushbutton switches the pushbuttons of which are translucent and provided, behind them, with respective signal lamps. During a copying operation, the signal lamp behind the one of the select-and-start switches which commanded copying lights up, to indicate that copying is occurring. If one of the supply units is exhausted, the respective signal lamp begins to blink, thereby indicating this to the operator.

Abstract: A film transport arrangement of a camera for a film accommodated in a cassette, has transporting device arranged to transport a film before its exposure in a first transport direction from a cassette into a film receiving space of a camera, and to move the film after its exposure in a second transport direction in stepped manner frame after frame back into the cassette, or vice versa, and a film transport handle arranged for acting upon the transporting device so as to move the film in both directions and formed as a transport slider which is displaceable in two displacement directions and has a stroke of displacement in one of the displacement directions sufficient to transport the entire film length in a respective one of the transport directions.

Abstract: A photographic camera has a housing, a viewfinder, an objective displaceable between extended and retracted positions relative to the housing, a device for displacing the objective between the extended and retracted positions, a film transporting device, a film take-up spool, an electric motor rotatable in two opposite directions and arranged so that when the electric motor rotates in one of the directions it is coupled with the objective displacing device, and when the motor rotates in the other of the directions it is coupled with the film transporting device and the film take-up spool, a switching element for reversing the electric motor, and a locking device for the film take-up spool, coupled with the switching element so that when the electric motor is switched for rotation in the one direction for displacing the objective and is coupled with the objective displacing device the film take-up spool is locked against rotation, and when the electric motor is reversed and uncoupled the film take-up spool is

Abstract: An x-ray film cassette includes two cassette parts which are connected at one side by a hinge and which are cylindrically curved as considered in a plane normal to the hinge. The cassette part which constitutes the bottom carries a foil of ferromagnetic material floatingly supported on an elastic strip-sloped peripheral frame, and an intensifying shield supported on this foil, while the other cassette part which constitutes the top carries a magnetic plate supported on elongated projections of the cassette wall and supporting another intensifying shield. In the closed position of the cassette, the magnetic plate attracts the ferromagnetic foil to thereby eliminate air inclusions between the intensifying shields and the x-ray film interposed therebetween.

Abstract: At least one gelatin-containing layer of a photographic silver halide material is hardened with a reaction product of two compounds corresponding to the formulaeR(SO.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2).sub.n (A)in which R is an n-functional aliphatic, aromatic, cycloalkyl or heterocyclic group and n is an integer of from 3 to 6 and ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, R.sub.3 is an alkyl group, an aminoalkyl group a substituated or unsubstituated aromatic group, a substituated or unsubstituated 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may be attached to the N-atom of (B) either directly or through a carbon-containing group, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together represent the atoms required to complete a heterocyclic ring system.

Abstract: The data processing device for reading and processing visually observable information taking place on a data carrier includes a hand operated reading unit guidable in a first direction along a line of the text on the data carrier; scanning unit in the form of a column of photoelectric elements is arranged in the reading unit in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the reading unit; and timing means provided in the reading unit for controlling the scanning rate of respective elements in response to the speed of movement of the reading unit.

Abstract: Single sheets are separated from a stack of sheets arranged in a housing having one open end in which at least one pair of separating rollers is disposed with the lower end of the stack resting in the nip thereof. One roller of each pair has a surface with a greater coefficient of friction relative to the sheet surface than that of the other roller and is rotated in a direction relative to the stack opposite to the other roller so that an outermost sheet is caused to slide from the remainder of the stack by frictional engagement of the one roller while the stack remainder is held from the oppositely rotating roller. Separation is greatly facilitated by the provision of hooks which support the lower edge of the remainder of the stack during separation and positively assist withdrawal of the stack remainder.

Abstract: A photographic recording material having at least 2 panchromatically sensitized silver-halide emulsion layers differing in speed, a DIR-compound and at least 2 yellow couplers of differing coupling velocity provides an improved graininess.

Abstract: In a process for the production of photographic images exposed photographic materials are treated with a developer having an enhanced bromide ion concentration which is kept constant for the duration of the use of the developer. The advantage of the process is based on the technically uncomplicated regenerability of the developer.

Abstract: The electromagnetic disk-free clutch includes a cylindrical rotor supported on one rotary part and defining at one end face a frictional disk and at the other end face an annular groove which accommodates a tubular stator with an electromagnetic coil. The frictional ring of the rotor faces a corresponding frictional ring of a spring-biased armature which is supported for joint rotation and for an axial displacement on the other rotary part. The stator part adjoining the open end of the annular gap is radially extended to form a covering flange having a cross section substantially equal to the cross section of the axially directed parts of the stator and the rotor. The face of the rotor forming the frictional ring is provided with uniformly distributed openings and the axial dimension of the annular groove in the rotor exceeds that of the stator.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method of contact-free, almost continuous measurement and monitoring of the width, thickness and position of magnetic tracks on moving film strips within wide limits of the speed. The track width and track position of the magnetic tracks are measured optically and the magnetically acting track cross section is measured electromagnetically via the track volume. The measured values are together recorded, evaluated and displayed and/or used for recontrolling the casting arrangement for emitting warning signals or for stopping the coating machine.

Abstract: A distance measuring system generates an in-range signal when an object is located within a range of focus or a zone of protection, as the case may be. The system utilizes a single infrared transmitter and two receivers in order to determine the position of the object by triangulation.

Abstract: A test pattern in form of a raster or the like is imaged in a camera onto a margin of a film frame. When the film frame is subsequently converted into a negative which is thereafter printed as a positive, the test pattern is printed in the margin of the photographic image on the positive. Should the image be blurred, it is possible to determine whether the cause of blurring occurred in the camera or during printing, by examining the test pattern which, if blurring occurred in the camera, will be sharp but will itself be blurred if the blurring of the image occurred during printing. The pattern can also be applied to the film frame by the film manufacturer or else in a pre-splicer prior to developing of the exposed film. A method, an apparatus and a pattern carrier are disclosed.

Abstract: A rotating optical element can be used to produce a rotating beam of light from a fixed incident light beam. This rotating beam of light is directed into a suitable optical element which focuses the beam in only one direction. By use of the device disclosed herein, a beam of light can be reoriented according to the requirements of the user while preserving resolution ability, deflection frequency, and general applicability of the invention to special-purpose applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to the driving of rollers of roller cavity suction apparatus for conveying or braking material webs whereby the motors for driving at least one of the rollers receive the power output from the pressure drop between the front and reverse side of the web.

Abstract: A photographic still or motion-picture camera has a viewfinder and a manually moved focus adjuster, such as a focussing ring. When the user peers into the viewfinder, there is a visible indication of the direction in which the focus adjuster should be manually moved to reduce the state-of-focus error, for example two curved illuminated errors, one pointing clockwise and the other counterclockwise, only one of which lights up to indicate the direction in which the focussing ring should be manually turned. When the state-of-focus error has been reduced to zero or a minimum, this is likewise indicated, for example because neither curved arrow is illuminated. To control the activation of the indicating elements, use can be made of components of a conventional completely automatic focussing system, but minus the adjusting motor of such system and minus superfluous motor-energization control circuitry.

Abstract: An arrangement for treating photographic paper bands which run in parallel paths has at least one treatment station in which the bands are transported with a predetermined speed and treated, winding spools for winding the bands after treating in the treatment station and located downstream of the treatment station, drives for driving the winding spools independently of the transportation of the bands in the treatment station and with a speed exceeding the speed of transportation of the bands in the treatment station, an accumulating station for accumulating the bands between the treatment station and the winding spools so that a loop of the bands is formed in the accumulating station, and a switch for switching the drive on and off in dependence upon a size of the loop of the bands in the accumulating station.