Abstract: The operation setting device includes a keyboard having stationary control keys arranged on a transparent support plate of insulating material, each key of the keyboard being formed of a pair of transparent electrically conductive material secured to the outer face of the support plate and being connectable to a switching device sensitive to a change of resistance between the contacts in each pair. A visual identification card is located behind the support plate and having its indentification signs in register with respective keys.

Abstract: Copolymers obtained by polymerizing an allyl ammonium salt, a monomer containing at least one anionic group and acrylamide and/or methacrylamide are useful as peptizing agents for silver halide emulsions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cassette for roll films, in particular for miniature films, consisting of a cylindrical container as the film storage chamber, a film exit slot formed thereon and a film spool whereby at least one edge of the cylindrical container is turned inwards to increase the impermeability to light, the slot comprises strips bent downwards at its lateral ends to define the width of the slot and at least one closure element is formed onto the cassette container overlapping the deformed container edge and laterally closing the cassette slot.

Abstract: An apparatus for transporting webs of photographic material or the like has a web supply roll from which the web is pulled by a pull-off device. According to the invention a tilt arm is mounted intermediate the supply roll and the pull-off device and carries a roller at one end about which the web is drawn off, causing the arm to tilt. Tilting is resisted by a spring acting upon the other end of the arm. An arrangement is provided for varying the resisting force of the spring as a function of the tilted position of the arm.

Abstract: Electrostatic developer composition and method for developing therewith an electrostatic charge pattern of positive charge wherein the composition is free of carrier particles and consists of powder particles containing at least 80% by weight of a mixture of at least 30% by weight of: a polyester derived from fumaric acid or a mixture of at least 95 mol % fumaric acid and isophthalic acid and a polyol blend of propoxylated bisphenol characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein m and n are integers and added together average from 2 to 7, and at least one of (1) a copolymer of ethylene, maleic acid and/or maleic anhydride wherein from 50 to 70 mol % of ethylene repeating units are present, and (2) a wax of the group consisting of castor wax and montan wax.

Abstract: A cassette for X-ray film has a first chamber for the film and a relatively narrow elongated second chamber for the major part of an elongated data-carrying card a portion of which extends outwardly through a window in the cover of the container. The two chambers are separated from each other by a partition which has a sealable aperture in register with the window.

Abstract: A miniature still camera wherein a brick-shaped main section of the housing supports and guides an L-shaped second section the longer leg of which is parallel to and located in front of the elongated front side of the main section and the shorter leg of which is parallel to a shorter second side of the main section. The second section is reciprocable between a first position in which its longer leg conceals a picture taking lens which is recessed into the front side of the main section and the shorter leg conceals a view finder in the main section, and a second position in which the lens and the view finder are exposed and the camera is ready to take pictures. The second section cocks the shutter and/or actuates the film transporting mechanism during movement between its first and second positions and is biased to its second position by a helical spring which reacts against a lug of the main section and bears against an eyelet of the second section.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae ##STR1## are useful as antifading agents in photographic materials.

Abstract: Apparatus for winding webs of photographic film like onto the hub of a reel in a cassette has a flexible band one end of which is secured to the hub and the other end of which is connected to a coupling unit having a normally closed clamping mechanism for the leader of a web. The leader can be threaded through an inlet opening of the cassette and into the coupling unit when the clamping mechanism is held in open position by a permanent magnet which is installed in the cassette adjacent to the opening. When the hub is rotated in a direction to convolute the band and thereupon the web therearound, the coupling unit is withdrawn from the field to the permanent magnet and is confined in a peripheral recess of the reel. If the web is thereupon unwound, the coupling unit is withdrawn from the recess and is advanced toward the opening so that the magnet opens the clamping mechanism and the latter permits withdrawal of the leader of the web therefrom.

Abstract: Super-8 motion-picture film is transported non-intermittently at constant speed, and its image is projected into an image plane in which is located a single row of photodiodes which extends transverse to the film transport direction. The photodiodes of the single photodiode-row are successively responsive to red, blue and green wavelengths. A bucket-brigade circuit or CCD including the photodiode-row furthermore includes a shift register which receives the photodiode signals in parallel, is then read out serially, with its output signal then time-division demultiplexed to obtain separate red, blue and green signals; or else three shift registers are used, each receiving signals only from those photodiodes responsive to a respective one of the three component colors. Whereas the photodiode-row is responsible for horizontal scanning, vertical scanning is achieved in part due to film transport per se and in part due to a tilting-mirror deflector which deflects the image projected onto the photodiode-row.

Abstract: The remnants of film units which are withdrawn from a cassette in the housing of a camera for instant photography are reintroduced into the cassette subsequent to development of images and separation of image-bearing sheets. The reintroduction can be effected by a manually operated yoke, by the pressure applying rolls which serve to spread a fluid processing agent between the positive and negative sheets of an exposed film unit, by an additional roll in cooperation with one of the pressure applying rolls, or by a separate set of advancing rolls.

Abstract: A process for the polymerization of allyl ammonium salts is disclosed wherein allyl ammonium salt is polymerized in the presence of a phosphorus compound.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning a radiographic film cassette at an operating station uses friction-coupled drive means to urge the cassette toward a front stop. Sensing means associated with the front stop then actuates a pusher which urges the cassette toward a side stop. The cassette cover is automatically opened when the cassette is correctly positioned against both stops.

Abstract: An apparatus for wet treatment of sheets or strips of photographic material has a small-volume treating chamber bounded by pairs of advancing rollers at its inlet and outlet ends. A lower wall of the chamber extends between the lower rollers of the pairs of advancing rollers and sealing lips bridge the gaps between such lower wall and the respective lower rollers. Treating liquid is admitted laterally into the chamber, transversely of the path of advancement of photographic material and at about the level of such path.

Abstract: The deposit of solid residue upon the exit squeeze rollers following immersion of sheet- or weblike materials in a bath of treatment liquid and the transfer of the residue to the materials themselves is avoided by an applicator which applies a film of moistening liquid to the periphery of one such exit roller so that the exit rollers are sufficiently wetted as to dissolve the solid residue before a sheet or web passes therethrough.

Abstract: A film advancing arrangement for a film projector having an optical system and two spools between which a film is advanced, comprises two spool supports for carrying a supply spool and a takeup spool respectively. The spool supports are pivotally mounted with respect to the housing of the projector to be positioned inside of the housing or outside of the housing so that the spools of small standard diameters may be located within the contours of the housing and the spools of large standard diameters may be mounted on the same spool supports and located outside of the housing.

Abstract: A rinsing tank in a developing machine for X-ray films or the like is equipped with a circulating system which draws liquid from the bottom zone of the tank and returns the withdrawn liquid to the upper zone of the tank. The contents of the tank can be evacuated without resorting to any values by using a siphon whose intake end is connected with the suction side of a jet pump in the pipeline for circulation of liquid, the uppermost section of which is located at a level below the normal level of the upper surface of the body of liquid in the tank, and the discharge end of which is connected with a liquid removing pipe. When the pump which causes the liquid to circulate by flowing through the pipeline is arrested, the jet pump is deactivated and allows the liquid in the siphon to rise and to flow into the uppermost section. The liquid thereupon continues to leave the tank in the form of a continuous stream which flows along a second path defined by a portion of the pipeline, the jet pump and the siphon.

Abstract: A still camera or motion picture camera wherein the means for monitoring the brightness of a portion of or entire scene transmits signals to an automatic focusing mechanism as well as to the exposure controls. The connection between the output or outputs of the monitoring means and the exposure controls includes elements which can transmit signals denoting the peak value, the integral value or the average value of signals denoting the scene brightness.