Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for implementing digital rights management using a GPU are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes at least a GPU, a security processor, and a memory. The GPU is configured to execute a first portion of a binary and detect that a second portion of the binary is encrypted. The second portion of the binary includes enhanced content that is available for purchase. If the user purchases the enhanced content, a license server generates a token specific to the security processor of the system and conveys the token to the system. Next, the security processor decrypts the second portion of the binary using the token and stores the decrypted second portion of the binary at a memory location accessible by the first processor. Then, the first processor executes the second portion of the binary.

Abstract: A system and method for dynamically changing encode quality at a block level based on runtime pre-encoding analysis of content in a video stream. A video encoder continuously analyzes the content during runtime, and collects statistics and/or characteristics of the content before encoding it. This classifies the block among pre-defined categories of content, where every category has its own compression parameters.

Abstract: Described herein are techniques for removing control of a display from an operating system. The disclosed techniques decouple operation of the physical display device from control of the operating system so that the display device may be powered down while not needed during streaming. The device driver for the graphics card, into which a display device cable is plugged, simulates operation of the display but allows the display to be powered down. Simulating the display involves properly responding to queries or commands from the operating system, and generating the signals that would be expected from the display device by the operating system. While simulated in this manner, whether the display device is actually powered down does not matter to the operation of an application being streamed, because the operating system still “believes” the display device is powered on. Thus application streaming is not interrupted by powering down the display device.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an alpha-beta titanium alloy comprises, in weight percentages: an aluminum equivalency in the range of about 6.7 to 10.0; a molybdenum equivalency in the range of 0 to 5.0; at least 2.1 vanadium; 0.3 to 5.0 cobalt; titanium; and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A technique for compressing an original image is disclosed. According to the technique, an original image is obtained and a delta-encoded image is generated based on the original image. Next, a segregated image is generated based on the delta-encoded image and then the segregated image is compressed to produce a compressed image. The segregated image is generated because the segregated image may be compressed more efficiently than the original image and the delta image.

Abstract: A system and method for scalable video coding that includes base layer having lower resolution encoding, enhanced layer having higher resolution encoding and the data transferring between two layers. The system and method provides several methods to reduce bandwidth of inter-layer transfers while at the same time reducing memory requirements. Due to less memory access, the system clock frequency can be lowered so that system power consumption is lowered as well. The system avoids having prediction data from base layer to enhanced layer to be up-sampled for matching resolution in the enhanced layer as transferring up-sampled data can impose a big burden on memory bandwidth.

Abstract: Described is a system and method for dynamically changing encode quality at a block level based on runtime pre-encoding analysis of content in a video stream. A video encoder continuously analyzes the content during runtime, and collects statistics and/or characteristics of the content before encoding it. This classifies the block among pre-defined categories of content, where every category has its own compression parameters.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for generating flexibly addressed memory requests are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes a processor, control unit, and memory subsystem. The processor launches a plurality of threads on a plurality of compute units, wherein each thread generates memory requests without specifying target memory addresses. The threads executing on the plurality of compute units convey a plurality of memory requests to the control unit. The control unit generates target memory addresses for the plurality of received memory requests. In one embodiment, the memory requests are write requests, and the control unit interleaves write requests from the plurality of threads into a single output buffer stored in the memory subsystem. The control unit can be located in a cache, in a memory controller, or in another location within the system.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for virtual address translation. A memory management unit (MMU) receives a request to translate a virtual memory address to a physical memory address and searching a translation lookaside buffer (TLB) for a translation to the physical memory address based on the virtual memory address. If the translation is not found in the TLB, the MMU searches an external memory translation lookaside buffer (EMTLB) for the physical memory address and performs a page table walk, using a page table walker (PTW), to retrieve the translation. If the translation is found in the EMTLB, the MMU aborts the page table walk and returns the physical memory address. If the translation is not found in the TLB and not found in the EMTLB, the MMU returns the physical memory address based on the page table walk.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to maximize video slice size is described herein. The method packs as many macroblocks as possible within a capped-size slice, while preserving user-defined quality constraints. The probability to conform to the maximum slice size constraint may be adjusted according to a user-defined parameter. The method may be integrated into a rate control process of a video encoder. The method predicts whether encoding a macroblock with a quantization parameter exceeds a current slice size constraint. It further predicts whether encoding a given number of macroblocks with a given configuration of quantization parameters exceeds the current slice size constraint. The method then proceeds to encode the current macroblock either on a condition that encoding the given number of macroblocks with the given configuration of quantization parameters falls below the size constraint of the current slice or after determining that a new slice is needed.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for rendering images directly to a video encoder are disclosed. A game engine includes an embedded rendering unit configured to render images in different color spaces depending on the mode. The rendering unit renders images for a first color space only to be driven directly to a display while operating in a first mode. The rendering unit renders images for a second color space only which are provided directly to a video encoder while operating in a second mode. In a third mode, the rendering unit renders images for both color spaces. In one embodiment, the first color space is RGB and the second color space is YUV. The game engine also generates a plurality of attributes associated with each rendered image and the video encoder encodes each rendered image into an encoded bitstream based on the attributes associated with the rendered image.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for integrating a video codec with an inference engine are disclosed. A system is configured to implement an inference engine and a video codec while sharing at least a portion of its processing elements between the inference engine and the video codec. By sharing processing elements when combining the inference engine and the video codec, the silicon area of the combination is reduced. In one embodiment, the portion of processing elements which are shared include a motion prediction/motion estimation/MACs engine with a plurality of multiplier-accumulator (MAC) units, an internal memory, and peripherals. The peripherals include a memory interface, a direct memory access (DMA) engine, and a microprocessor. The system is configured to perform a context switch to reprogram the processing elements to switch between operating modes. The context switch can occur at a frame boundary or at a sub-frame boundary.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for tracking page reuse and migrating pages are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes one or more processors, a memory access monitor, and multiple memory regions. The memory access monitor tracks accesses to memory pages in a system memory during a programmable interval. If the number of accesses to a given page is greater than a programmable threshold during the programmable interval, then the memory access monitor generates an interrupt for software to migrate the given page from the system memory to a local memory. If the number of accesses to the given page is less than or equal to the programmable threshold during the programmable interval, then the given page remains in the system memory. After the programmable interval, the memory access monitor starts tracking the number of accesses to a new page in a subsequent interval.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for responding to user input by way of a user interface for an apparatus that employs a display detect user input associated with the display during a static screen condition on the display wherein a static image provided by a source image provider is displayed on the display. In response to detecting the user input, the method and apparatus provide user feedback by incorporating a first type of change to the static image displayed on the display while the source image provider is in a reduced power mode wherein a standby power is available to the source image provider and communicate control information to the source image provider. The method and apparatus receive from the source image provider updated image content based on the communicated control information.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for implementing a deskewing method for a physical layer interface on a multi-chip module are disclosed. A circuit connected to a plurality of communication lanes trains each lane to synchronize a local clock of the lane with a corresponding global clock at a beginning of a timing window. Next, the circuit symbol rotates each lane by a single step responsive to determining that all of the plurality of lanes have an incorrect symbol alignment. Responsive to determining that some but not all of the plurality of lanes have a correct symbol alignment, the circuit symbol rotates lanes which have an incorrect symbol alignment by a single step. When the end of the timing window has been reached, the circuit symbol rotates lanes which have a correct symbol alignment and adjusts a phase of a corresponding global clock to compensate for missed symbol rotations.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for implementing live device driver updates are disclosed. When a processor loads a given version of a device driver, the given version registers with a proxy module rather than registering with the operating system. If a previous version of the device driver is already running, the proxy module provides the given version with a pointer to the previous version. The given version uses the pointer to retrieve static data from the previous version. After the previous version is quiesced, the given version retrieves transient data from the previous version and then takes over as the running version of the device driver. Subsequent versions of the device driver are able to replace previous versions in a similar manner. Also, previous versions of the device driver are able to replace subsequent versions in a similar manner in the case of downgrading.

Abstract: A method of processing a workpiece to inhibit precipitation of intermetallic compounds includes at least one of thermomechanically processing and cooling a workpiece including an austenitic alloy. During the at least one of thermomechanically working and cooling the workpiece, the austenitic alloy is at temperatures in a temperature range spanning a temperature just less than a calculated sigma solvus temperature of the austenitic alloy down to a cooling temperature for a time no greater than a critical cooling time.

Abstract: A method for heat treating a powder metallurgy nickel-base alloy article comprises placing the article in a furnace at a start temperature in the furnace that is 80° C. to 200° C. below a gamma prime solvus temperature, and increasing the temperature in the furnace to a solution temperature at a ramp rate in the range of 30° C. per hour to 70° C. per hour. The article is solution treated for a predetermined time, and cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A technique for varying firmware for different virtual functions in a virtualized device is provided. The virtualized device includes a hardware accelerator and a microcontroller that executes firmware. The virtualized device is virtualized in that the virtualized device performs work for different virtual functions (with different virtual functions associated with different virtual machines), each function getting a “time-slice” during which work is performed for that function. To vary the firmware, each time the virtualized device switches from performing work for a current virtual function to work for a subsequent virtual function, one or more microcontrollers of the virtualized device examines memory storing addresses for firmware for the subsequent virtual function and begins executing the firmware for that subsequent virtual function. The addresses for the firmware are provided by a corresponding virtual machine at configuration time.

Abstract: An apparatus, such as a head mounted device (HMD), includes one or more processors configured to implement a graphics pipeline that renders pixels in window space with a nonuniform pixel spacing. The apparatus also includes a first distortion function that maps the non-uniformly spaced pixels in window space to uniformly spaced pixels in raster space. The apparatus further includes a scan converter configured to sample the pixels in window space through the first distortion function. The scan converter is configured to render display pixels used to generate an image for display to a user based on the uniformly spaced pixels in raster space. In some cases, the pixels in the window space are rendered such that a pixel density per subtended area is constant across the user's field of view.