Abstract: A method for closed loop controlling the air system in an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel internal combustion engine with a first actuating element for recirculated exhaust gas in the exhaust gas recirculation tract and a second actuating element for air in the inlet tract, the two actuating elements being adjusted as a function of each other. In order to increase the quality of closed loop control, provision is made for each actuating element to be controlled separately by its own respective controller, each controller being optimally configured for the respective controlled system, and a target value being provided for each controller.

Abstract: A crankcase breathing system (1) for an internal combustion engine includes at least one oil separating apparatus with a preliminary separator (3) and a main separator (4) arranged downstream of the same, with the preliminary separator (3) including a diffuser (11) between an inlet (7) and an outlet (8) which expands in the direction of flow. In order to achieve high separation rates in the simplest possible way it is provided that the preliminary separator (3) is arranged integrally with the main separator (4), with preferably the preliminary separator (3) and the main separator (4) forming a separator unit (2).

Abstract: To reduce the complexity of an indicating system 6 on an internal combustion engine for determining a parameter, the invention provides that on the basis of the measured variable a computing unit 8 for the indicating system 6 computes crank angle information, and on the basis of the crank angle information thus computed and the measured variable determines an engine parameter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a power generation apparatus (1), in particular for expanding the range of an electrically operated vehicle, having an internal combustion engine (5) and a generator (6), which is situated coaxially to the output shaft (7) of the internal combustion engine (5), internal combustion engine (5) and generator (6) being situated in a housing (2, 3) through which cooling air flows.

Abstract: A method for operating a hybrid drive in a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and at least one electric machine connected thereto which is in connection with at least one energy storage device including operating the internal combustion engine is operated in overload mode in at least one preferably exceptional operating situation of the hybrid drive in order to avoid power losses at low loading state of the energy storage device.

Abstract: In a method for closed loop controlling the air system in an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel internal combustion engine with a first actuating element for recirculated exhaust gas in the exhaust gas recirculation tract and a second actuating element for air in the inlet tract, the two actuating elements being adjusted as a function of each other. In order to increase the quality of closed loop control, provision is made for each actuating element to be controlled separately by its own respective controller, each controller being optimally configured for the respective controlled system, and a target value being provided for each controller.

Abstract: A test bench conditioning system for a working fluid of a machine located on the test bench includes at least one pump (3) for circulating the working fluid, a heat exchanger (4) for cooling the working fluid coming from the discharge line (1) of the machine and a heating device (5) for the working fluid fed into the supply line (2) to the machine and a mixing valve (6). Furthermore, a bypass (8) that can be shut off between the discharge line (1) and the supply line (2) can be provided. Setting a temperature profile for the working fluid is possible via a control device. In order to render possible an optimum simulation of a real temperature profile of an operating fluid of a machine with the slightest deviations for the predetermined profile, a connecting line (10) with a control valve (11) leads to the discharge line (1) in front of the mixing valve (6), which opens into this discharge line (1) in front of the pump (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the cylinder internal pressure of internal combustion engines and, in particular, of gas engines, said apparatus having a first valve (5) which opens into the cylinder interior space, a measurement chamber (6) which can be connected to the cylinder interior space (1a) and can be disconnected from the latter by means of the first valve (5), and a pressure sensor (8) which is arranged in the region of the measurement chamber (6) in order to measure the pressure in the cylinder interior space when the first valve (5) is open. Permanent operation without thermal overload is enabled in such a way that at least one second valve (13) is provided in the region of the measurement chamber (6), said second valve being able to be changed to a closed position at least when the first valve (5) is open in order to seal off the measurement chamber (6) towards the outside.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) for a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine with several cylinders, comprising at least one intake port (5) and at least two exhaust ports (4) per cylinder (1), at least one first cooling chamber (2) adjacent to a fire deck and at least one second cooling chamber (3) adjacent to the first cooling chamber (2), with the second cooling chamber (3) extending over several cylinders. In order to improve cooling in the areas subjected to great thermal stress it is provided that at least one first cooling chamber (2) is provided per cylinder and the first cooling chambers (2) of two adjacent cylinders are separated from one another, with each first cooling chamber (2) comprising at least one first opening (7) and at least one transfer opening (8) to the second cooling chamber (3), and the first cooling chamber (2) is flowed through between the first opening (7) and the transfer opening (8) substantially in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head (1).

Abstract: A method for controlling the start-up phase of a motor vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine (12) wherein the internal combustion engines (12) is started by an electrical machine (16) that can be operated as a motor, a preferably automatically atuatable clutch (50) being located in the drive train (11) between the internal combustion engine (12) and the electrical machine (16). A faster start-up response can be achieved if the internal combustion engine (12) is driven by the electrical machine (16) when the clutch (50) is engaged during start-up, and if the clutch capacitance (MK) is reduced according to a defined parameter, preferably the engine speed, the time or the torque (ME) of the electrical machine (16) or similar.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to make it possible to introduce exhaust gas 3 into a post-treatment unit such as selective reduction catalyst 6 through turnabout, with distribution of flow of the exhaust gas 3 being uniformized. Disclosed is an exhaust emission control device with a selective reduction catalyst 6 (post-treatment unit) for depuration of the exhaust gas 3 through passing therethrough being arranged in an exhaust system, a layout being applied which introduces the exhaust gas 3 into the selective reduction catalyst 6 through turnabout. An introductory part 14 is provided which encircles an inlet end of the selective reduction catalyst 6 and guides the exhaust gas 3 through the exhaust inlet port 13 from a direction substantially perpendicular to an axis of the selective reduction catalyst 6.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control device is provided which is compact in size and has favorable dispersibility of exhaust gas from a muffling structure 2 to an oxidation catalyst 3. The muffling structure 2 arranged upstream of the oxidation catalyst in a direction D of gas flow has a dispersion plate 6 for dividing the interior of the casing 5 into dispersion chambers 7a and 7b upstream and downstream in the direction D of gas flow, respectively, and an inner pipe 8 inserted from outside of and into the chamber 7a and with a tip end fixed to the dispersion plate 6 and circumferentially formed with pores 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d having diameters gradually reduced in the order in the direction D of gas flow from upstream to downstream. The dispersion plate 6 facing the dispersion chambers 7a and 7b is formed with a plurality of radially-outward-larger-diametered and radially-inward-smaller-diametered pores 14, 15 and 16.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring device (1) for detecting processes in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising a pressure sensor (3) which is arranged to be inserted into a bore hole of the internal combustion engine which opens into a combustion chamber, with the pressure sensor (3) comprising at least one optical light guide (6) optically opening into the combustion chamber, and with an optical injection element (8) being arranged preferably in the opening region into the combustion chamber. In order to enable performing simultaneously a pressure measurement and optical combustion chamber monitoring at the same place of the combustion chamber, it is provided that the optical injection element (8) is soldered into a pressure membrane (5) of the pressure sensor (3) or into the housing (2) of the pressure sensor (3).

Abstract: A spark plug includes a longitudinal bore formed in a housing for receiving an insulator, with the housing having a first bore for receiving a pressure measuring device and a second bore for receiving a light guide which opens into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for determining the operating parameters of individual cells (2) or short stacks (10) of fuel cells, preferably of medium-temperature or high-temperature fuel cells.

Abstract: In a device for the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, including at least one high-pressure accumulator (1), an injector (4), at least one high-pressure line (7) connecting the high-pressure accumulator (1) with the injector (4), and a resonator line (16) arranged in parallel with the high-pressure line (7) between the injector (4) and the high-pressure accumulator (1) and including a resonator throttle (17) on the side of the high-pressure accumulator, the resonator line (16) is formed by an insert piece (18) pressed into the bore of the high-pressure line and is, in particular, formed within the same.

Abstract: A method for recognizing and avoiding premature combustion events includes the steps of: providing at least one sensor and/or an electronic evaluation circuit for recognizing premature combustion; directly recognizing premature combustion; and performing at least one measure for avoiding premature combustion when premature combustion is recognized.

Abstract: A method for analyzing the behavior of complex systems, particularly internal combustion engines, wherein a model is established which shows the dependence of test variables on input variables, calibrating the model based on test values of the real system obtained at the test points subdividing into at least two partial models a first principal influential parameter is identified for the first partial model, an optimal value of the first principal influential parameter is determined at each test point, the first principal influential parameter is interpolated for all plausible constellations of input variables to calibrate the first partial model, another partial model is established to show another subset of test variables in accordance with the input variables and the previously determined first subset of test variables, an additional principal influential parameter is identified for the other partial model, and an optimal value of the additional principal influential parameter is determined at each test po

Abstract: The life of a sensor unit is very strongly dependent on the loading of the sensor unit during use. The life of a sensor unit is generally specified in a number of loading cycles, however, which does not take into consideration the loading of the sensor unit. The invention therefore specifies a method and apparatus for assessing the residual life of a sensor unit which takes into consideration the actual loading of the sensor unit and therefore the residual life of the sensor unit can be estimated more precisely by virtue of a damage factor (S) being determined for the loading of a loading cycle (B) and the loading cycle (B) being weighted therewith.

Abstract: In a device for the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, including at least one high-pressure accumulator (1), an injector (4), at least one high-pressure line (7) connecting the high-pressure accumulator (1) with the injector (4), and a resonator line (16) arranged in parallel with the high-pressure line (7) between the injector (4) and the high-pressure accumulator (1) and including a resonator throttle (17) on the side of the high-pressure accumulator, the resonator line (16) is formed by an insert piece (18) pressed into the bore of the high-pressure line and is, in particular, formed within the same.