Abstract: The invention involves a marked plate for a rotational angle sensor element for rotating structural parts, with many angle marks provided preferably oriented radially to the rotational axis and preferably arranged in the form of a collar arranged concentrically to the rotational axis and with at least one reference mark, which is formed by an angle mark that deviates in its modulating properties and thus is integrated in the collar of the angle marks. An angle sensor element system for rotating structural parts includes a marked plate that can be coupled to the rotating structural part and that merely has a collar of angle marks with integrated reference marks and a fixed scanning unit for it, including at least one transmitter of electromagnetic radiation and at least one receiver for the radiation modulated by the marked plate, as well as mechanisms for connection to an evaluation unit.

Abstract: An oil separator for a crankcase ventilation system in an internal combustion engine having a housing including an inlet and an outlet for a ventilation tube and an oil return line fitting, an enlarged cross section formed by a diffuser being provided in the flow path between inlet and outlet and the oil return line fitting being disposed in the region of the largest cross section of the diffuser and at the lowest point of the housing, includes a substantially tubular entrance part disposed in the region of the outlet and projecting inside the housing, preferably in the region of the largest cross section of the diffuser, and the flow cross section is smaller than the largest cross section of the diffuser, and the flow cross section is smaller than the largest cross section of the diffuser and inlet, outlet, diffuser and/or entrance part are disposed about the same axis.

Abstract: For the establishment of a crank-angle based signal pattern with high discrimination representing a relevant working characteristic of an internal combustion engine, the working characteristic is detected with high time discrimination and with the aid of a time-based and angled-based crank-angle signal of low angle discrimination and transformed to a crank-angle basis under interpolation, and whereby there is assigned to the top dead center (OT) of the respective cylinder, by a multiple, a freely selectable angle increment under interpolation with high angle discrimination.

Abstract: A process to determine aerosol particles in gaseous samples, specifically in the exhaust of diesel motors, includes the at least indirect deposit of aerosol particles on a piezoelectric oscillating crystal and the determination of the oscillation parameters of the piezoelectrically stimulated oscillation of the crystal. In order to assure the required reproducibility reliably and independently of the type of aerosol particles, and thus to achieve a high quality of measurements, the piezoelectric crystal is charged to oscillation during less than half the period of deposit of aerosol particles.

Abstract: A cooling system for an internal combustion engine with two-stage supercharging includes a charge-air line in which is provided a first compressor of a first turbocharger and a second compressor of a second turbocharger downstream of the former, a first charge-air cooler being provided between first and second compressor, and a second charge-air cooler downstream of the second compressor. At least one of the two charge-air coolers is disposed upstream of the coolant cooler as seen in a flow direction of the cooling air, and the second charge-air cooler is disposed above or beside the first charge-air cooler.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine operating on spark-ignitable fuel, which features at least one operating mode with homogeneous charge and self-ignition, and which includes at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve per cylinder, which can be coupled via a transmission device in at least one operating mode of the engine, has its combustion process be controlled in a simple manner by providing that at least one exhaust valve can be actuated during the intake stroke by means of the transmission device, the transmission device having at least one first mechanical transmission member, and the transmission device being activated by a mechanical actuating device featuring an eccentric element acting on a transmission member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating an internal combustion engine with a six-stroke process involving the following sequence of events: 1st stroke (I): air intake into the combustion chamber, 2nd stroke (II): compression of the air and injection (3a) of a first fraction of gasoline fuel into the combustion chamber, 3rd stroke (III): first working stroke after first ignition (5) of the mixture, said ignition (5) being initiated by an ignition device, 4th stroke (IV): new compression of the contents of the combustion chamber, 5th stroke (V): second working stroke after second ignition (6) of the fuel-air mixture contained in the combustion chamber, 6th stroke (VI): expulsion of the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber, a second fraction of gasoline fuel being injected (3b) prior to the second ignition (6).

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for flexibly fastening a thermally stressed component (2), especially in an internal combustion engine, with a fastening member (12) for receiving the component (2). In order ensure both a secure fastening of the component (2) and a compensation of longitudinal expansions of the component (2) it is provided that the fastening member (12) comprises at least one clamp bracket (4), with at least one rollable intermediate member (5) being disposed between the clamp bracket (4) and the component (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine which is operated in at least one engine operation range in a substantially homogeneous self-ignited manner and in at least a second engine operation range in a substantially homogeneous spark-ignited manner, with a changeover occurring during engine operation between homogeneous self-ignited operation and homogeneous spark-ignited operation depending on the load and vice-versa.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating an internal combustion engine that relies for operation, in at least one operational range of the engine, on the autoignition of an at least almost homogeneous fuel-air mixture, the combustion being measured and at least one parameter for the combustion in the next cycle being set in function of a signal obtained from this measurement. In order to reduce fuel consumption and emissions and to achieve direct conversion of the load requirements, there is provided that the four cycle internal combustion engine relies for operation, in at least one second operational range, on the spark ignition of an at least almost homogeneous fuel-air mixture and that the combustion event is controlled, both in the first and in the second operational range of the engine, largely independent of the torque of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase scavenging includes an exhaust passage controlled by the piston and at least two first transfer passages and at least one second transfer passage, each with a corresponding transfer window into the cylinder chamber and a window on the crankcase side for communication between the cylinder chamber and the crankcase, the transfer windows of the first transfer passages being controlled by the upper edge of the piston, and the crankcase-side window of the second transfer passage being disposed in a region of the cylinder wall that is swept by the piston skirt of the piston. The cylinder wall includes at least one recess which is arranged in close vicinity to the transfer window of the second transfer passage and which is in flow communication with the second transfer passage, wherein a narrow passage is arranged between the recess and the second transfer passage.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine having at least two working pistons, each reciprocating in one cylinder and acting on a crankshaft through one connecting rod each and with at least one balance piston movably mounted in a balance cylinder of its own for balancing the inertial forces, the balance piston is driven by the crankshaft through a balance connecting rod, the crank of the balance piston being disposed between the cranks of the two working pistons. The cylinders of the working pistons are disposed in a “V” arrangement and the axes of the cylinders of the working pistons are positioned at an angle of 0°<&agr;<45° to one another, the axis of the balance cylinder being arranged in a first center plane including the crankshaft axis between the two cylinders of the working pistons.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with at least one control element for variation of the flow cross-section of a charge exchange passage, which control element is automatically adjustable in accordance with the engine mode by means of an actuating member and a connecting element. In order to permit automatic adjustment of the control element in dependence of engine speed and load in a simple manner, the internal combustion engine be flexibly supported in a frame, and that the actuating member of the control element be supported via the connecting element on at least one pivot fixed in the frame, such that the control element can adjust itself with increasing torque, due to the relative movement between engine and frame resulting from the torque of the combustion engine, thereby increasing the flow cross-section of the charge exchange passage while varying the beginning of the charge changing process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the position of the combustion in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. In order to enable an early determination of the 50% mass conversion point it is provided that the maximum value of the heating progress of the combustion is determined, that the 50% mass conversion point is assigned in a temporal respect to the maximum value of the heating progress, and that the temporal assignment of the 50% mass conversion point to the maximum value of the heating progress occurs prior to the end of the combustion.

Abstract: A variable valve drive for a cam-actuated lift valve of an internal combustion engine which is loaded by a closing pressure against the direction of opening, includes a hydraulic power generating device acting on the lift valve against the closing force with a control piston arranged longitudinally displaceable in a cylinder and adjacent to a hydraulic control chamber, a stroke of the lift valve produced by an actuating cam being at least reducible by removing hydraulic liquid from the control chamber by means of a control valve. In order to arrange the valve stroke and valve opening as free as possible in the simplest possible way the control chamber is connectable with a high pressure level preferably by means of the control valve.

Abstract: A push rod (1), more specifically for use in a valve actuation device of an internal combustion engine, which is substantially hollow and is provided with a portion (5) of a maximum cross section dimension arranged preferably in the middle between the ends (1a, 1b) of the push rod (1). In order to provide, in the easiest possible way, a light weight push rod (1) with high buckling resistance, the push rod (1) consists of a first and of a second, substantially hollow rod piece (2, 3), the rod pieces (2, 3) having a maximum cross section dimension in the region of one open front face (2b, 3b) thereof and being rigidly joined together at their open front faces (2b, 3b).

Abstract: This invention relates to a cylinder head (1) for a plurality of cylinders (A,B,C) for a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, with a cooling chamber configuration (3) adjacent to a fire deck (2), which is divided by an intermediate deck (4) essentially parallel to the fire deck (2) into a lower cooling chamber (5) next to the fire deck (2), and an upper cooling chamber (7) adjoining the lower cooling chamber (5) in the direction of the cylinder axis (6), where lower and upper cooling chamber (5, 7) communicate with each other via at least one flow opening, and where at least one coolant inlet (13) per cylinder (A,B,C), which is preferably located in the fire deck (2), opens into the lower cooling chamber (5), and at least one coolant outlet departs from the upper cooling chamber (7).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of operating an internal combustion engine operated on gasoline type fuels, more specifically on gasoline, wherein ignition of the fuel-air mixture is initiated spontaneously in at least one operational range of the engine, preferably in the part load range, and wherein a stratified charge is produced in the combustion chamber, preferably in the higher load range. In order to achieve in the simplest possible manner high exhaust quality for an internal combustion engine operated on fuel with poor ignition characteristics in the range of higher mean pressures as well there is provided that combustion is initiated by spontaneous ignition of the fuel in the full load range as well and that preferably the in-cylinder charge temperature is controlled throughout the load range by way of internal exhaust gas recirculation and that, in the full load range, the start of fuel injection occurs after top dead center.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spark ignited internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder that accommodates a reciprocating piston, with a cylinder head that receives at least one ignition device per cylinder and in which are formed one exhaust and two intake manifolds, said exhaust manifold communicating with a combustion chamber by way of one exhaust port and said intake manifolds communicating therewith by way of intake ports, said exhaust port being controlled via an exhaust valve and said intake ports via intake valves, said exhaust port on the one hand and said intake ports on the other hand being arranged to different sides of an elevated plane of the engine that passes through the axis of the cylinder and through the axis of the crankshaft, said intake manifolds being at least in sections arranged substantially in the direction of the cylinder's axis and being formed in such a manner that a reverse tumble flow is initiated in the combustion chamber, said flow being oriented from the intake p

Abstract: The invention relates to a variable valve train (1) for a cam-actuated lifting valve (13) of an internal combustion engine, which valve (13) is loaded by a closing spring (13a) acting against the direction of opening, with an approximately cylindrical force application element (2) located between a cam (14) and the valve (13), whose length can be adjusted hydraulically and whose exterior cylindrical wall face (3) is slidable in a fixed guide cylinder (4), said element (2) being provided with a pressure piston (6) longitudinally slidable in a cylinder (5), which piston (6) is adjacent to a pressure chamber (7) into which opens a pressure channel (8) departing from a port (9) in the wall face (3) of the force application element (2), a fixed pressure line (11) opening into the guide cylinder (4) in the area of the port (9), which line (11) can be subjected to hydraulic high pressure (pH) permitting hydraulic activation of the valve (13).