Abstract: A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine wherein intake openings to the cylinder are partly surrounded by a mask formed by a material projection of the top face of the combustion chamber, a contour of the mask having a flat main section of maximum height between an ascending and descending flank and being asymmetrical in a developed view.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising at least one piston which is mounted in a cylinder in a reciprocating manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a variable valve drive device provided with at least one camshaft having at least one cam arrangement. Said cam arrangement comprises a cam which can be displaced essentially radially in relation to the camshaft, and at least one, preferably two, base circle disks fixed to the camshaft.

Abstract: The invention relates to a direct-injection internal combustion engine that is operated in a first operating range associated with the low part load, with largely homogeneous combustion of the mixture and subsequent injection. Said internal combustion engine is operated in a second operating range associated with the middle part load, with low-temperature combustion of the mixture. In this way, minimum nitrogen oxide and soot emissions and a high degree of efficiency can be achieved both in the lower part load region and up to the full load region.

Abstract: In order to make it possible to also mount an original exhaust system (10) substantially leading away from the internal combustion engine (2) below the output axle (7) parallel to the extension thereof in a test rig for internal combustion engines (2), the driving engine or load generator (4) is mounted in a suspended manner at a certain vertical distance front the pedestal (1) on a support arrangement (6) mounted thereon, with the-input axle (8) being substantially aligned with the output axle (7) of the internal combustion engine (2) that is to be tested, whereby the space from below the interference contour (9) of the driving engine or load generator (4) to the pedestal remains free for the passage or the exhaust system (10).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a hybrid vehicle with a drive train which comprises an internal combustion engine driven by diesel fuel and at least one electric driving machine. In order to reduce the nitrogen oxide and exhaust particulate emissions it is provided that the internal combustion engine is operated with an alternative diesel combustion method in at least one operating range of the vehicle and the electric driving machine is switched in.

Abstract: A process for determining particle input into a particle filter arranged in the exhaust fume stream of an internal combustion engine makes it possible to determine the mass of deposited particles by taking into account particle and nitrogen oxide emission.

Abstract: A measuring chamber for photo-acoustical sensors for the continuous measurement of radiation-absorbing substances, in particular of radiation-absorbing particles, in gaseous samples includes at least one entry and at least one exit for the samples, a tube section with microphone that allows for the flow-through of the sample in longitudinal direction, and at least one entry and exit point for a laser beam that is aligned with the tube section, and whereby these entry and exit points are both arranged at a distance from the measuring tube by at least one chamber with a cross-sectional area that is expanded relative to the tube section.

Abstract: A measuring and testing system for a test piece (1) with at least one operational fluid, particularly to test an internal combustion engine, is provided with at least one measuring arrangement connected to a space (2) of the test piece (1) containing operational fluid, and comprising a partial measuring arrangement (4, 5, 6) for the quantity parameter of the operational fluid and at least one additional partial measuring arrangement (6, 7) for at least one quality parameter for the characterization of the physical and/or chemical condition of the operational fluid, as well as a control and evaluation unit (6) connected to the measuring arrangement.

Abstract: In a method of measuring exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, preferably in test benches, through the use of CVS (constant value sampling) full-flow systems, the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine is mixed with combustion gas, preferably air, and the volume flow or mass flow of the combustion air is determined by the CVS full-flow system. This mass flow exceeds thereby the maximum quantity of combustion air needed by the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: According to the invention, noise of an internal combustion engine is reduced by dynamically correcting the moment of injection when the engine is in the transient mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multicylinder internal combustion engine (1) comprising intake valves and exhaust valves that are provided with at least one additional valve (10) for each cylinder (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6), a preferably tubular pressure container (9) with a gas chamber (90) into which extend ducts (11) originating from the valves (10) such that gas can be exchanged between individual cylinders (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6) when the valves (10) are actuated. The pressure container (9) is provided with a device (17) for cooling the quantities of gas exchanged between individual cylinders (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6). In order to increase the cooling capacity, the cooling device (17) encompasses at least one cooling pipe (17) which is axially inserted into the pressure container (9) and is penetrated by coolant. The outer jacket (171) of the cooling pipe (170) borders the gas chamber (90), the gas that is exchanged between individual cylinders (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6) flowing around said outer jacket (171).

Abstract: In a method for continuous measuring of dynamic fluid consumption, particularly fuel, the pressure beyond the flow sensor is adjusted to a constant value by means of a pressure regulator by using a continuously-operating flow sensor with variable pressure drop, preferably a mass flow sensor. Fluid is guided into the pressure regulator after exceeding a discretionary pressure to allow continuous, accurate, as well timely and highly discriminating consumption measuring with regulated exit pressure for the fluid even at a back-flow of short duration or during temperature-related expansion of the fluid. A pressure regulator (9) provided for this purpose has a housing (41, 42), which contains an element (40) biased by a changeable force whereby the element (40) is coupled to a valve arrangement (49, 50) that is also arranged in the housing (41, 42) for the fluid to build up pressure therein. The pressure regulator (9) contains a catch volume for the fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modular internal combustion engine (1) comprising an engine housing (17, 117) with a crankshaft drive (40) having at least one reciprocating piston (4) in a cylinder (2), which acts on a crankshaft (6) by means of a connecting rod (5), and a variable-speed gear box (10) connected to the crankshaft (6) via a disengaging clutch (8), and a gearbox output train (12) which connects to at least one drive shaft (15) of a vehicle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the quantities of pollutants in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines wherein an essentially constant and fully conditioned quantity of humidity and/or temperature-conditioned combustion gas is supplied to the internal combustion engine at each instant whose quantity corresponds to at least the maximum quantity required by the respective combustion engine, wherein the exhaust gas is diluted with the quantity of combustion gas not used by the combustion engine, and then tested relative to quantities of pollutants and flow rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling a prime mover for a vehicle, particularly a combustion engine, comprising at least one engine control unit and at least one additional controller in the drive train. According to the invention, command variable demands are sent from the controller to the engine control unit, and the transfer function of the prime mover is at least partially depicted by means of a predetermined approximated transfer function of the prime mover.

Abstract: A method and device for continuous measuring of dynamic fluid consumption, particularly gaseous or liquid motor fuel, employs a continuously operating flow sensor with variable decrease in pressure, preferably a mass flow sensor. The pressure downstream from the flow sensor is adjusted to a constant value by changing the admission pressure of the sensor to make possible accurate and rapid consumption measurements with controlled output pressure for the fluid by means of an open system, and also to allow simultaneous measuring of at least a short-time return flow. The device includes a preferably controllable pump (6) possibly a conditioning device and a tank (2), and continuously operating flow sensor (7) for the fluid, preferably a Coriolis sensor, whereby a line branches off behind the sensor (7) leading to a pressure sensor whose output is connected to a control device that triggers the devices to influence the volume flow upstream from the sensor (7).

Abstract: A method for determining the characteristic properties of soot particles originating from combustion processes utilizes the determination of the blackening of a filter paper. In order to allow for achieving a quick and relatively accurate determination of the particle sizes, possibly of further characteristics as well, a method of this kind provides that the pressure conditions on the filter paper are established as well. It is advantageous for this purpose to determine the differential pressure on the filter and/or filter paper caused by the deposition of the particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine (10), especially for lawnmowers, comprising at least one cylinder for a reciprocating piston which acts via a connecting rod on a crankshaft (12) and at least one overhead camshaft (16) for driving overhead gas exchange valves and a transmission (60) between crankshaft (12) and camshaft (16) with a motion plane within a transmission chamber (70) which is perpendicular to the crankshaft axis (14). It is proposed that at least one camshaft bearing (91) for bearing the camshaft (16) is configured as a tunnel bearing, with preferably one bore (93) of a bearing block (92) of at least one camshaft bearing (91) comprising substantially at least one recess (94) corresponding to the shape of the cam. The internal combustion engine (10) is easy to make and comes with reliable lubrication for the engine.

Abstract: A method for operating a direct injection diesel engine which is operated in a first operating region corresponding to low to medium partial load in such a way that fuel combustion takes place at a local temperature below the temperature of NOx formation and with a local air ratio above the limit value for soot formation, and where fuel injection starts in a range of between 50° to 5° crank angle before top dead center of the compression phase and where exhaust gas is recirculated at an exhaust gas recirculation rate of 50% to 70%. In order to achieve high efficiency in each operating region while keeping NOx and particulate emissions low, in a second operating region corresponding to medium partial load, fuel injection is started in a range from approximately 2° crank angle before top dead center to approximately 20° crank angle after top dead center.