Abstract: Lubricants and processing aids for synthetic fibers, particularly polyester and nylon fibers, are disclosed comprising compounds having the structural formulas: ##STR1## and ##STR2## in which R is an aliphatic group generally having about 3 to about 22 carbon atoms; A is a mixture of residues from ethylene oxide and at least one other lower alkylene oxide, preferably a heteric mixture of oxyethylene and oxypropylene residues in the respective ratio by weight of 20:80 to 90:10; and n has a value to produce a molecular weight of about 300 to about 3000.Where liquid products are desired which contain the higher numbered carbon chain residues, low viscosity compounds can be obtained by oxyalkylating a glycerol-1,3-dialkylether with a mixture of ethylene oxide and 1,2-propylene oxide in the respective ratio as set forth above.

Abstract: The addition of small amounts of organic titanium compounds to polyol compounds reduces the viscosity of said compounds.

Abstract: A drive apparatus for a magnetic disc, particularly a flexible magnetic disc in an envelope, distinguished by a compact design which is achieved by so designing and arranging the linkage between the drive's closure member and disc clamping member that they take up as little room as possible. By designing the linkage in the form of a roller and lever arrangement and arranging them substantially on the central longitudinal axis of the housing of the drive apparatus in the upper portion of the housing, the maximum amount of space is available on either side of the linking means for printed circuit boards and electronic components. In a very advantageous embodiment, the closure member, linkage and clamping member and part of the housing are assembled as a single unit which is ready for fitting.The drive apparatus of the invention can be used for any kind of flexible or rigid magnetic disc.

Abstract: A polyester size composition for synthetic fibers useful in protecting the fibers from abrasion during the weaving process or to improve the adhesion to the fibers of conventional size compositions and especially useful with polyester fibers such as those based upon polyethylene terephthalate, comprises a branched water-dispersible polyester which is the reaction product of at least one polycarboxylic acid, at least one diol or polyglycol and an aromatic carboxylic acid containing a --SO.sub.3 M grouping which is attached to the aromatic nucleus of said carboxylic acid through an aliphatic chain and ester linkage and wherein said linkage contains about 2 to about 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Aqueous dye formulations which contain one or more sparingly water-soluble, or water-insoluble, phthalocyanine-sulfonamides of the formula ##STR1## where A is a (n+m)-valent radical of copper phthalocyanine, cobalt phthalocyanine or nickel phthalocyanine which may be substituted by up to 4 chlorine or bromine atoms, R is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or alkoxyalkyl of a total of 3 to 7 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical, or ##STR2## is a saturated 5-membered or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, X.sup..sym. is H.sup..sym., an alkali metal ion, (NH.sub.4).sup..sym. or ##STR3## (where R and R.sup.1 have the above meanings), n is 2, 3 or 4 and m is 0 or 1, together with one or more conventional dispersing agents and humectants and with or without a disinfectant. The formulations give very fast prints and dyeings on cellulose and on cellulose-containing fibers.

Abstract: The flow rate of weak cell liquor is determined, using a device in the form of a small box having in one wall thereof a properly sized orifice, a vertically extending slot thereabove, and a rule placed alongside the slot to make it possible to read the flow rate. A cooperating member is provided to catch the liquid passing through the device and disperse it into a plurality of small droplets while feeding it to a trough by which the weak cell liquor is collected.

Abstract: The manufacture of .beta.-chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides by reacting .alpha..beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids with phosgene is advantageously carried out by first at least partially reacting the unsaturated carboxylic acid with hydrogen chloride and then carrying out the reaction with phosgene.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously cleaning the surface of a web of plastics film provided with a magnetic coating, especially the surface of a magnetic tape, the surface to be cleaned being continuously kept in close contact with a tape of nonwoven fabric by virtue of the configuration of the path of travel of the web, wherein the poles of a magnet, which define an air gap, are located in the region of the contact area, behind the tape of nonwoven fabric, on the side facing away from the web.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of acicular ferrimagnetic iron oxide by dehydrating acicular iron(III) oxide hydroxides to give acicular iron(III) oxides, then reducing these iron(III) oxides at from 300.degree. to 650.degree. C. by means of an organic compound which decomposes in this temperature range, and oxidizing the reduced product with an oxygen-containing gas at from 200.degree. to 500.degree. C., wherein the acicular iron(III) oxide hydroxides employed consist of a mixture of goethite and lepidocrocite, containing at least 60% of the latter, and the dehydration is carried out at from 250.degree. to 700.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a highly concentrated aqueous solution of a salt of a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, as well as of a nylon precondensate, by reacting an alkanedicarboxylic acid of 6 to 12 carbon atoms and a diamine of the formula NH.sub.2 RNH.sub.2, where R is alkylene of 6 to 12 carbon atoms or is ##STR1## An aqueous solution, of lower concentration, of a salt of a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, containing an appropriate dissolved excess of the particular dicarboxylic acid, is reacted with the particular diamine in the molten state, in an equivalent amount to the dissolved dicarboxylic acid, the reaction being carried out under superatmospheric pressure and the final reaction temperature being kept at from 140.degree. to 210.degree. C. The solution obtained is used for the manufacture of a nylon.

Abstract: Haloalkyldithiophosphoric acid esters of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is methyl or ethyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms, A is linear or branched alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and X is chlorine or bromine, which are active against pests, especially insects, mites and ticks, a process for the manufacture of these active ingredients, pesticides containing these haloalkyldithiophosphoric acid esters as active ingredients, and a process for combating pests with these active ingredients.

Abstract: A process for continuously washing a printed textile sheet-like structure, wherein water or a wash liquor is applied to the goods so that they entrain from 80 to 500% of water, based on the weight of the goods, the goods are then squeezed off between rollers so as to remove at least 30% of water, based on the weight of the goods, and the surface-swollen print paste residues are transferred from the goods to the roller, from which they are removed by means of water. The treatment can be repeated one or more times, and a conventional afterwash can be carried out if appropriate. The process is cheaper than conventional processes and only slightly affects the color of the unprinted areas.

Abstract: New carbamates, a process for their manufacture by reaction of salts of pyrazolinediones with a carbamyl halide, and pesticides containing these new carbamates as active ingredients.The new carbamates may be used as insecticides and acaricides. They have an excellent action on sucking insects, especially aphids.

Abstract: A process for deliming hides, in which, instead of using conventional acids or acid salts, esters which hydrolyze under the conventional deliming conditions are employed. This avoids the disadvantages associated with an overdose of conventional deliming agents.

Abstract: Easily water-dispersible pulverulent formulations of disperse dyes are prepared by spray-drying a dye solution which comprises(a) one or more disperse dyes,(b) one or more water-soluble anionic dispersants,(c) from 0 to 20% by weight, based on (a+b+c+d), of other surfactants and(d) from 0 to 20% by weight, based on (a+b+c+d) of agents which serve as protective colloids (the proportion of (c+d) being at most 20% by weight).Suitable solvents (e) are formic acid, formamide, N-methylformamide, butyrolactone, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, which may in addition contain up to 100% by weight, based on (e), of N,N-dimethylformamide or acetic acid or mixtures of these. The formulations obtained by the above process contain the dye in very fine dispersion.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of high molecular weight linear polyesters which are derived from dicarboxylic acids or their ester-forming derivatives and from diols, by condensing polyester precondensates, having a relative viscosity of at least 1.05, at from 270.degree. to 340.degree. C. under reduced pressure, the condensation being started at from 290.degree. to 340.degree. C. and the temperature being lowered as the condensation progresses, the final temperature being at least 10.degree. C. above the melting point of the particular polyester produced, and an apparatus for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for removing suspended matter from suspensions by filtering through foams, in which the suspended matter retained in the foam (polyurethane foam produced by foaming with water vapor being preferred) is substantially flushed out by expressing the liquid held in the foam, and is removed as a concentrate. This for the the first time permits the removal of suspended matter from continuously flowing suspensions without the flow of the suspensions having to be interrupted in order to clean the filtering means.

Abstract: A transport apparatus for tape-like recording media in which a central capstan having a resilient peripheral portion simultaneously drives two tape reels. According to the invention, this peripheral portion has regions of different resilience produced, for example, by an elastically deformable annular insert which may be helical in shape. The tape transport apparatus of the invention can be advantageously used with all kinds of tape-like recording media, especially magnetic tapes for the recording/playback of high frequency signals, especially color video signals.

Abstract: Aldehydes or ketones of not less than 4 or 5 carbon atoms, respectively, are manufactured in a one stage process in the liquid phase by subjecting aldehydes and/or ketones of not less than 2 or 3 carbon atoms, respectively, to an aldol condensation and hydrogenating the resulting olefinically unsaturated aldehyde, the catalyst used for the aldol condensation and hydrogenation containing a mixture of nickel and cobalt, zinc oxide and at least one of the elements iron, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, cadmium and mercury or compounds of the said elements.

Abstract: Dithiophosphoric acid derivatives bearing, as ester component, an isoxazole-5-alkyl radical substituted in the 3-position by alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a process for their manufacture by reaction of isoxazole-5-alkyl halides substituted in the 3-position by alkyl with salts of dithiophosphoric acid derivatives, and pesticides containing these isoxazole-5-alkyl dithiophosphoric acid derivatives as active ingredients. The active ingredients according to the invention may be used for combatting pests such as sucking and biting insects, especially Lepidoptera, Diptera and mites.