Abstract: The invention relates to halogen-free and flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resins which contain, as flame retardants, a combination of aluminum hydroxide, at least one nitrogen component and red phosphorus, to a process for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: The invention relates to oligoesters obtained by polycondensation ofa) from 40 to 52 mol %, preferably from 45 to 50 mol %, of one or more dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof,b) from 10 to 40 mol %, preferably from 20 to 35 mol %, of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol,c) from 3 to 20 mol %, preferably from 10 to 15 mol %, of polyethylene glycol,d) from 0.5 to 10 mol %, preferably from 1 to 7.5 mol %, of a water-soluble addition product of from 5 to 80 mol of an alkylene oxide with 1 mol of C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alcohols, C.sub.6 -C.sub.18 -alkylphenols or C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 -alkylamines ande) from 0.4 to 10 mol %, preferably from 0.5 to 8 mol %, of one or more polyols having from 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups.These oligoesters are used as soil release polymers in detergents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cholesteric liquid-crystalline polymer which in the molecule comprises at least one stabilizer comonomer from the group consisting of UV absorbers and antioxidants.

Abstract: This invention relates to an aqueous coating medium which contains, as binder vehicles in the form of aqueous polymer dispersions,A) 50 to 90% by weight of one or more thermoplastic copolymers of at least one C2-C4 olefin and at least one vinyl ester of a C2-C11 monocarboxylic acid, wherein the olefin(s) and vinyl ester(s) are present in a ratio by weight of 10:90 to 40:60 and together make up at least 80% by weight of the copolymer,B) 10 to 50% by weight of one or more thermoplastic (meth)acrylic copolymers which are free from comonomers containing nitrile and amide groups, and at least 50% by weight of which consists of (meth)acrylic acid esters of C1-C18 alcohols, andC) 0 to 30% by weight of one or more copolymers which are different from A) and B),wherein the percentages by weight are given with respect to the resin solids in each case and add up to 100% by weight.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of melting snow and ice on traffic areas, which comprises applying to the traffic areas covered with snow and ice a deicer in an amount of from 5 to 100 g/m.sup.2, which comprises from 30 to 70% by weight of sodium formate, from 30 to 70% by weight of sodium chloride and from 0.1 to 3% by weight of a corrosion inhibitor, and which is used in the form of solid particles having a diameter of from 0.3 to 10 mm or in aqueous solution with a content of from 5 to 25% by weight of the deicer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel crystal modification (.delta.-modification) of C.I. Pigment Red 53:2 of the formula (1) ##STR1## having the following characteristic reflections in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern:______________________________________ 2.THETA. d relative intensity (in %) ______________________________________ 3.3 26.6 32 4.7 18.7 100 7.5 11.9 14 9.4 9.3 19 10.5 8.4 13 13.8 6.4 10 14.2 6.2 9 14.9 5.9 10 16.7 5.3 11 17.6 5.0 9 18.1 4.9 16 18.9 4.7 10 20.4 4.3 7 21.1 4.2 9 22.1 4.0 9 22.7 3.9 12 23.1 3.8 9 23.6 3.8 13 24.1 3.7 9 24.9 3.6 10 25.5 3.5 23 26.3 3.4 9 27.7 3.2 9 28.1 3.2 6 28.9 3.1 6 30.4 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to homopolymer and copolymer waxes which have been prepared by polymerization using metallocene compounds in the presence of hydrogen and have a melt viscosity of less than 100 mPas, measured at 170.degree. C.As a result of their high thermal stability, these waxes display neither discoloration nor crosslinking reactions and are very well suited for use in toners, for plastics processing, for masterbatches, for printing inks, surface coatings and melt adhesives.

Abstract: A polymer laminate essentially consisting of at least two cholesteric, liquid-crystalline polymer layers and a light-absorbent layer in between is suitable as starting material for effect pigments having a color impression which is dependent on the viewing angle.

Abstract: Aluminum azo complex dyes of the formula (I) or (I') ##STR1## are used as charge control agents in electrophotographic toners and developers, powder coating materials, electret materials, color filters, electrostatic separation processes and in inkjet inks.

Abstract: Compounds of the following formula are suitable as activators for peroxy compounds in laundry detergents and cleaning products:[L.sub.n M.sub.m X.sub.p ].sup.z Y.sub.q (1)in whichM is manganese in oxidation stage II, III, IV, V and/or VI or cobalt in oxidation stage II and/or III,X is a coordination group or bridging group,Y is a counterion in the corresponding stoichiometric amount to balance a charge z present, wherez as the metal complex charge, can be positive, zero or negative,n and m, independently of one another, are integers of from 1 to 4,p is an integer from 0 to 15,q is z/charge of YL is a ligand of the formula (2) ##STR1## in which substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are as defined in the description.

Abstract: A catalyst system, in particular for carrying out cross-coupling reactions is obtainable by reactinga) a palladium(II) compound withb) a water-soluble phosphine ligand andc) a sulfoxide or polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to coated bleach activator granules of ammonium nitriles, which have been obtained by coating ammonium nitrile base granules with a water-soluble coating substance. The base granules are preferably thermally conditioned during or after the coating with the coating substance.

Abstract: What is claimed is a process for preparing macropolycyclic polyamines of the formula ##STR1## where A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 are as defined in the description. These compounds are prepared by a novel improved process by reacting a cyclic amine of the formula ##STR2## with a compound of the formula X--A.sup.2 --Y or X--A.sup.3 --Y where A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 are as defined in the description and X and Y are a leaving group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for working up reaction mixtures containing benzimidazolones of the formula (I) ##STR1## prepared by reacting o-phenylenediamines and urea in a water-insoluble solvent, where in formula (I) R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and independently of one another are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkylsulfonyl group having in each case 1 to 6 carbon atoms, chlorine, bromine, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a carboxylic acid, methylcarbonyl, phenylcarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, methylcarbamoyl or phenylcarbamoyl group, a hydroxyl group, cyano group or nitro group, by adding a wetting agent and a defoamer to the reaction mixture, distilling off the solvent azeotropically with the addition of water and with stirring and filtering off the benzimidazolone from the aqueous suspension arising.

Abstract: Use of compounds of the formula ##STR1## where the radicals R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and A are as defined in the description, as bleach activators in bleaching detergents and cleaners.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures of optical brighteners comprising nonionic polyester brighteners and anionic or nonionic polyamide brighteners, which develop a synergistic effect. The brighteners of the invention are suitable for polyamide and polyurethane fabrics but also for blends of these fabrics with other natural or synthetic fibers.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of carboxyl-containing polyvinyl acetals which contain no emulsifiers, no readily volatile organic solvents and no nonvolatile plasticizers, preparable by a) reacting hydroxyl-containing polyvinyl acetals with polycarboxylic anhydrides in the melt or in high-boiling solvents, b) neutralizing at least some of the carboxylic acid groups present in the resulting modified polyvinyl acetals, and c) dispersing the resulting salt of the modified polyvinyl acetals in water, are suitable as coating compositions for paper and textiles and as binders for paints and varnishes.

Abstract: C.I. Pigment Yellow 155 is used as a colorant in electrophotographic toners and developers, powder coating materials, inkjet inks, color filters and electret materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antistatic mixture comprising compounds of the formulae (I) and (II)R'--N--[(C.sub.n H.sub.2n)--OH].sub.2 (I) ##STR1## where n is 2 or 3R.sup.1 is C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or -alkenyl or C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -alkyl-CO-- andR.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be identical or different and are C.sub.8 -C.sub.22 -alkyl or -alkenyl and two of these radicals may be hydrogen,and where the mixing ratio of the compounds of formulae I and II is from 4:1 to 1:10 parts by weight,and to a process for preparing this mixture.This mixture is solid and is therefore easy to use in production, and is storage-stable and offers advantages in handling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of fluorinated compoundsAz.sub.x ArF.sub.w Cl.sub.(y-w) R.sub.z (1)in which Az is a radical --F, --Cl, --Br, --NO.sub.2, --CN, --CF.sub.3, --CCl.sub.3, --CHO, --CO(C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1), --COX or --SO.sub.2 X, where X is F, Cl or Br, x is an integer from 1 to 3, Ar is a phenyl radical, pyridyl radical or naphthyl, w is an integer from 1 to y, y is an integer from 1 to 5, R is H, an alkyl radical or an alkoxy radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, z is an integer from 1 to 5, (x+y+z) is the number of all substitutable valences on the radical Ar, which comprises reacting a compoundAz.sub.x ArCl.sub.y R.sub.z (2),with an alkali metal fluoride in the presence of a component a) or a mixture of component a) and at least one of components b), c), d) and/or e), component a) being one or more quaternary ammonium compounds which contain one or more radicals --(C.sub.m H.sub.2m O)R.sup.