Abstract: In a crankcase venting system for an internal combustion engine having an engine intake duct including a throttle valve, a partial load venting line extending from the engine to the intake duct downstream of the throttle valve and including a vent line throttle and a full load venting line connected to the engine and leading to the intake duct upstream of the throttle valve, an aspiration line extends between the intake duct upstream of the throttle valve and the partial load venting line for controlling the vacuum generated in the partial load venting line.

Abstract: An automated clutch between the engine and the variable-speed transmission in the power train of a motor vehicle is operated by a control unit which receives signals from several circuits and/or sensors via one or more conductors. The control unit shifts from a normal operating mode to an emergency mode when one or more sensors and/or circuits and/or conductors are defective. When in emergency mode, the control unit disengages the clutch when the driver starts the engine while the vehicle brake or the parking brake is applied. This ensures that the engine can drive the vehicle as soon as the transmission is shifted into a forward gear or into reverse gear and the application of the brake or brakes is terminated because the control unit is then again free to engage the clutch. Furthermore, such mode of operation enables the driver to shift the transmission into or from a selected gear in response to the application of a relatively small force to the gear shifting lever.

Abstract: A catalyst and a method for producing the catalyst, for catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x and oxidation of hydrocarbons, the catalyst comprises a zinc, copper and aluminum spinel to which, at least one element selected from palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iridium, rhenium and/or rare earth metals, such as lanthanum and cerium, vanadium, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten and/or salts thereof and/or oxides thereof has been added.

Abstract: In a belt roller for a safety belt system, a rod assembly has a torsion rod as well as at least one torsion sleeve which surrounds it coaxially. A stopping mechanism is provided with at least two axially offset stopping element sections, which can be adjusted either individually or jointly to the at least one torsion sleeve and to the torsion rod through the use of a control mechanism depending on the energy absorption capacity to be applied.

Abstract: A motor vehicle steering apparatus contains a user-operated steering angle input system with corresponding steering shaft as well as a piston-and-cylinder unit for coupling a steering angle setting system to the steering angle input system. The hydraulic unit comprises a piston-and-cylinder unit which is disposed with its longitudinal axis running transversely of the steering shaft, and its axially moving piston is coupled mechanically with the rotatory steering shaft and divides the cylinder into two working chambers. The two cylinder halves forming working chambers are disposed on opposite sides of the steering shaft. The piston is configured as a dual piston and is coupled to the steering shaft by a coupling section lying between its ends defining the working chambers. Thereby, a steering apparatus with a compact hydraulic coupling between the steering angle input system and the steering angle setting system is provided, with the ability to rotate the steering angle input system.

Abstract: A motor vehicle wherein the power train comprises an automated clutch between the engine and a manually shiftable transmission. The control circuit for the clutch is designed in such a way that the clutch is disengaged in response to actuation of the gear shifting lever simultaneously with one or more additional undertakings such as actuation of the gas pedal and of one or more brakes, a reduction of the speed of the vehicle below a preselected value, and/or many others.

Abstract: In a system for locking freight or cargo, especially in the freight hold of an aircraft, including guide rails along which the units of freight are guided, and YZ-locking devices for securing or locking the freight units against motion in the Y- and Z-directions, one or more X-locking devices are further provided for locking the freight units against motion in the X-direction. The X-locking devices are mounted directly on the guide rails, which are arranged between respective YZ-locking devices. Each X-locking device includes a mounting base (5) that is fixedly mounted on the guide rail (1), and a locking member (6) that is pivotally connected to the mounting base (5) so as to be tiltable or pivotable about an axis (7) extending parallel to the lengthwise extension of the guide rail (1) or X-direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a seat belt for vehicle seats with a webbing secured endwise at anchoring points in the vehicle, said webbing assuming a storage position when the seat is unoccupied, and with a tongue displaceable on the webbing within a webbing segment, said tongue being secured in a belted-in position by inserting it in a belt buckle integral with the vehicle when the seat is occupied. To ensure a favorable gripping position for the tongue in the storage position of the seat belt and to avoid rattling noises caused by the tongue against parts of the body, a pocket for inserting the tongue is disposed on the webbing in an area that is readily accessible to a seat occupant when the webbing is in the stored position.

Abstract: The invention concerns a diode-pumped solid-state ring laser gyroscope consisting of a diode-pumped solid-state laser made from a doped crystal or glass in the form of a square or cube for monoaxial or triaxial measurements; limitation and stabilization of the laser mode is achieved by precise matching of the pumping radiation to the mode volume of the ring laser. Outcoupling of the laser radiation is done by making the light tunnel through a slit to a dielectric plate which is moved by an actuator. Frequency modulation of the signal is done as required by coupling an acoustic wave into the laser medium or by precise spatial modulation of the diode excitation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive unit for electric rail vehicles, wherein the hub (7) of a greater wheel (6) driven by an electric traction motor (1) via a pinion shaft (4) forms a hollow shaft stub which surrounds the shaft (9) of a wheel set with a defined play. By inserting a coupling (11) which is radially rigid but allows transverse and angular movements, the motor torque is transmitted to one of the wheels (10) of the wheel set. The axial mobility of the coupling (11) should not have any disturbing restoring forces or resilient forces. Therefore, the hub-side coupling half (11b) having a curved-teeth-shaped external toothing engages the wheel-side coupling half (11a) which is provided with a straight internal toothing. The wheel-side coupling half (11a) is detachably connected via coupling supports to the inside flank of a disk wheel (10) and the hub-side coupling half (11b) to the hub.

Abstract: A low earth orbiting satellite control arrangement according to the invention has an earth sensor for measuring roll and pitch of the satellite relative to an earth oriented moving reference system, a spin wheel mounted along an axis perpendicular to the orbital plane of the satellite for measuring spin of the satellite, and two magnet coils for generating control. A first of the two magnet coils is aligned substantially in parallel to a roll axis of the satellite, and the second is aligned substantially parallel to the yaw axis. Alternative control algorithms are disclosed for controlling attitude, nutation and spin of the satellite based on information from the earth sensor, spin wheel and an observer which is also mounted on the satellite.

Abstract: In a venting arrangement for a crankcase of an internal combustion engine including a centrifugal separator having a rotatable housing with an inlet channel for the admission of an oil-air mixture and an exit channel for the discharge of air from which the oil has been removed, the inlet channel extends essentially in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the housing, but in spaced relationship from the axis so that oil which has been separated from the oil-air mixture moves, subjected to centrifugal forces, radially outwardly at a 90.degree. angle to the generally axial oil-air mixture flow through the separator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydraulic power steering system for motor vehicles, in the case of which the manual steering wheel is normally connected only by way of a control system with respect to the drive with a servomotor operating the steered vehicle wheels. In the event of a malfunctioning of the control system, a hydraulic forced coupling is automatically established between the servomotor and a hydraulic delivery unit which is constantly forcibly coupled with the steering handle, in order to form a "hydraulic linkage".

Abstract: A method selects one of several equivalent operating elements for controlling the lengthwise and/or transverse dynamics of a motor vehicle. Inadvertent control of the lengthwise and/or transverse dynamics of the motor vehicle is prevented and manual switching between various operating elements is allowed without a transition to be safely feasible for the participants even while driving. The selected operating element is activated simultaneously when the previous operating element is deactivated, after activation of the selected operating element has been made possible by a selector switch. The method therefore takes place in two steps, with activation of an operating element first being made possible by activating a selector switch. The actual activation takes place at a later point in time, namely when the operating element to be activated is in fact actuated to control the lengthwise and/or transverse movement of the vehicle.

Abstract: A spark plug for forming a spark that jumps between two electrodes has an insulating body surrounded by a housing with a ground electrode. The insulating body has a center electrode therein, which projects beyond the ground electrode in the axial direction.

Abstract: A rail vehicle, includes an air-suspended body having an underside, an air spring having a base point and an internal air pressure, and cars supporting the body. The body rests on the cars and swings out on the air spring. There is also an emergency spring which has a core. Guide and damping devices are further disposed between the body and the cars. The guide and damping devices serve to stabilize the cars at traveling speeds of >100 km/h and suppress any sway of the cars. The guide and damping devices include a friction plate loaded against the underside of the body by the internal air pressure of the air spring. The friction plate is linked to the core of the emergency spring or the base point of the air spring to form a connection to the cars in a longitudinal direction for suppressing the sway of the cars.

Abstract: A line-leading arrangement for a motor vehicle has a covering pivotally connected on the vehicle body side, particularly a rear lid, for a motor vehicle opening, for the connection of subassemblies arranged in the covering. At least one line is provided which, for this purpose, bridges a distance between a vehicle body part and the covering. The covering is movable between a first and a second end position. A pull-back device is provided which, for adapting the at least one line to the distance which changes when the covering is moved between its two end positions, exercises a force onto the at least one line. The at least one line, with the aid of the exercised force, is guided along an ideal course and is displaced on the vehicle body side and/or on the covering side.

Abstract: A commercial vehicle having a driver's cab, a chassis and a transport container. The transport container holds cargo, which is movably disposed therein. The transport container is fastened at a distance behind the driver's cab in the driving direction via impact-energy-absorbing bearings mounted on the chassis. The bearings are constructed and arranged to absorb impact energy particularly in the driving direction. The impact-energy-absorbing bearings prevent an uncontrolled impact of the transport container onto the driver's cab in the case of a collision.