Abstract: A system and method for optimizing a fuel efficiency of a hybrid vehicle by learning from a route history. The system may be a hybrid vehicle including an engine, a motor-generator, a battery, a battery module, a GPS unit, a memory, and a processor. The method may include detecting a current route of the hybrid vehicle, calculating a confidence value corresponding to a probability that the current route has a match in the route history, detecting a battery state of charge (SOC), determining a target SOC based on the confidence value and the route history, and adjusting an engine start/stop threshold and/or an engine power request to achieve the target SOC. They system may learn and improve fuel efficiency over successive trips along the route.

Abstract: There is provided a method for recovering hydrocarbon compounds from a gaseous by-products generated in the Fisher-Tropsch synthesis reaction, the method comprising a pressurizing step in which the gaseous by-products are pressurized, a cooling step in which the pressurized gaseous by-products are pressurized to liquefy hydrocarbon compounds in the gaseous by-products, and a separating step in which the hydrocarbon compounds liquefied in the cooling step are separated from the remaining gaseous by-products.

Abstract: A launch control system which maximizes hybrid vehicle acceleration from a standing start. A hybrid vehicle includes wheels, an engine, a motor-generator, a processor, and an actuation device. The processor controls an engine speed and an engine torque independently from a wheel speed and a wheel torque. While the hybrid vehicle is at a standstill, the actuation device is switched to an on state, and the engine speed and engine torque is raised to optimal values. When the actuation device is subsequently switched to an off state, the engine speed and the engine torque is applied to the plurality of wheels to launch the hybrid vehicle. The processor blends or further adjusts the torque applied to the plurality of wheels to maximize the acceleration while optimizing an amount of wheel slip. The processor then learns the launch to improve performance on subsequent launches.

Abstract: A dedicated short range radar system is provided for use with a GPS system. The radar system includes a transmitter which transmits a microwave radio signal. A receiver is coupled to a horizontally scanning receiver antenna array which receives an echo, if present, from the radio signal transmitted by the transmitter. The radio receiver then generates an output signal representative of the echo. A control circuit then receives the output signal from the antenna array as well as the output signal from the GPS system. The control circuit then varies the mode of operation of the receiver and/or the transmitter as a function of the type of roadway for optimal radar performance.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus including a chamber provided with a reaction space and formed with an exhaustion opening in a center of a bottom, a substrate supporter provided in the chamber and supporting a substrate, a gas injection assembly provided to be opposite to the substrate supporter, injecting a processing gas, and generating plasma thereof, and an exhauster connected to the exhaustion opening and provided below the chamber to exhaust an inside of the chamber, in which the substrate supporter includes a substrate support supporting the substrate and a plurality of supporting posts supporting an outside of the substrate support disposing the exhausting opening therebetween.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a drill system that better uses the power curve of modern machine tools. The drill system uses a two-step drill, utilizing IC inserts to perform the major hole diameter cutting, and a central drilling system. In examples, the IC inserts can be set in a drill head in a single or double effective configuration. A central drilling system cuts the remaining minor diameter portion of the hole, and is configured to see less cutting surface footage, due to its position from the rotating center of the tool. The central drilling system may include a “self-centering” geometry, such that the drill head of the tool with be guided throughout the depth of the hole. The drill system allows for a large diameter deep hole that remains straight throughout to be drilled at higher speed and lighter feed rates thus offering a more productive tool that takes advantage of the power curves and lower thrust capabilities of modern machine tools.

Abstract: A cobalt-based nano catalyst including a metal combination as a core and a porous material as a shell. The metal combination includes a first metal component Co, a second metal component selected from Ce, La, and Zr, and a third metal component selected from Pt, Ru, Rh, and Re. The catalyst includes between 10 and 35 wt. % of the first metal component, between 0.5 and 10 wt. % of the second metal component, between 0.02 and 2 wt. % of the third metal component, and a carrier. The carrier is a porous material such as nano silica or alumina. The carrier is in the shape of a spheroid, has a pore size of between 1 and 20 nm and a specific area of between 300 and 500 m2/g. The active component of the catalyst has a particle size of between 0.5 and 20 nm.

Abstract: An otter habitation section, an overland section, an inclined-surface section, a first spawning section, a second spawning section and a roost are all provided. Accordingly, otters and birds can sufficiently obtain preys, and fishes secure a spawning ground suitable for spawning characteristics. Therefore, the otters, the fishes and the birds can inhabit together. Further, since frames are made of wood for providing buoyant force or the frames are made of stainless steel for reinforcing strength and wood for providing buoyant force, a small amount of polyethylene foam is required. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain floating wetland equipment with a simple structure. Furthermore, the wooden frames itself provide a spawning ground of fishes.

Abstract: The liquid material ejector has a liquid material supply port through which the liquid material is supplied, a nozzle for ejecting the liquid material, a valve block having a metering bore to be filled with the ejected liquid material and a liquid material supply channel communicating with the liquid material supply port, a selector valve having a first channel for allowing communication between the metering bore and the liquid material supply channel and a second channel for allowing communication between the metering bore and the nozzle, a plunger advancing and retracting in the metering bore, a plunger driving section for driving the plunger, a valve driving section for driving the selector valve, and a transmission section for transmitting driving power from the valve driving section to the selector valve. The plunger driving section, the valve driving section, and the valve block are arranged successively in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A fluid coking unit for converting a heavy oil feed to lower boiling products by thermal has a centrally-apertured annular baffle at the top of the stripping zone below the coking zone to inhibit recirculation of solid particles from the stripping zone to the coking zone. By inhibiting recirculation of the particles from the stripping zone to the coking zone, the temperatures of the two zones are effectively decoupled, enabling the coking zone to be run at a lower temperature than the stripping zone to increase the yield of liquid products.

Abstract: A process for etching a silicon-containing substrate to form structures is provided. In the process, a metal is deposited and patterned onto a silicon-containing substrate (commonly one with a resistivity above 1-10 ohm-cm) in such a way that the metal is present and touches silicon where etching is desired and is blocked from touching silicon or not present elsewhere. The metallized substrate is submerged into an etchant aqueous solution comprising about 4 to about 49 weight percent HF and an oxidizing agent such as about 0.5 to about 30 weight percent H2O2, thus producing a metallized substrate with one or more trenches. A second silicon etch is optionally employed to remove nanowires inside the one or more trenches.

Abstract: A magnesium ion battery includes a first electrode including a substrate and an active material deposited on the substrate. Also provided is a second electrode. An electrolyte is located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte includes a magnesium compound. The active material includes indium and an intermetallic compound of magnesium and indium.

Abstract: An electrical brush plating system and method for metal parts wherein a motion control member and a plating bath with a plating pen includes an anode member provided with an anode plate and bristles that are mounted on the motion control member. A part to be plated is disposed within the plating bath with the bristles provided towards the surface of the part to be plated and under the control of the motion control member, the bristles perform a relative friction motion with the surface of the part to be plated. During the relative friction motion, the surface of the part to be plated is opposite to the anode plate of the anode member. The method includes the steps of mounting the plating pen and the part to be plated; electrocleaning; strong activation; weak activation and electrical brush plating. The generation of pinholes, pits and nodules are avoided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a process for fabricating the same. In one embodiment, the semiconductor device includes a substrate and a plurality of integrated passive devices. The integrated passive devices are disposed on the substrate and include at least two capacitors which have different capacitance values.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments of electrical test switches. According to one embodiment, a test switch may include a switch lever, a test port configured to directly couple to a standard connector, a relay port, a field port, and an insulated frame configured to electrically insulate at least some electrically conductive portions of the test port, the relay connector, and the field connector from contact by a user. A user may actuate the switch lever in order to reconfigure the electrical test switch from a first configuration to a second configuration. In the first configuration, the test port contact is electrically isolated from the relay connector and the field connector is electrically connected to the relay connector. In the second configuration, the test port contact is electrically connected to the relay connector and the relay connector is electrically isolated from the field connector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control system for a water network. The control system includes a plurality of remotely-located monitoring and or monitoring and automatic control stations each including an automation controller for local control and automation, and each in communication via a dual-ring communication topology for system or wide-area control. The dual-ring facilitates redundant peer-to-peer data exchange to provide upstream and downstream water flow and water quality information. Systems described herein may calculate flow differential based on water flow data from each of the monitoring stations, and control flow based on the calculated flow differential.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting the failure of a precision time source using an independent time source are disclosed. Additionally, detecting the failure of a GNSS based precision time source based on a calculated location of a GNSS receiver is disclosed. Moreover, the system may be further configured to distribute a time derived from the precision time source as a precision time reference to time dependent devices. In the event of a failure of the precision time source, the system may be configured to distribute a time derived from a second precision time source as the precision time signal during a holdover period.

Abstract: A two joint module includes a module housing, a first joint and a second joint. The module housing has a structural support portion. The first joint has a first motor and a first motor axis and a first joint axis. The second joint has a second motor and a second motor axis and a second joint axis. The second joint axis is not parallel to the first joint axis. The first joint is attached to the structural support portion and the second joint is attached to the structural support portion.

Abstract: Provided are a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) and a method of manufacturing the same. The TFT includes a gate electrode; a source electrode and a drain electrode spaced from the gate electrode in a vertical direction and spaced from each other in a horizontal direction; a gate insulation layer disposed between the gate electrode and the source and drain electrodes; and an active layer disposed between the gate insulation layer and the source and drain electrodes. The active layer is formed of a conductive oxide layer and comprises at least two layers having different conductivities according to an impurity doped into the conductive oxide layer.

Abstract: A light emitting package includes a metal plate, a plurality of LED chips, a plurality of leads and a molding compound. The metal plate has a first surface and a second surface, and is bent into two chip mounting portions, wherein an inclination angle is between the chip mounting portions. The LED chips are mounted on the first surface and the second surface of the chip mounting portions. The leads are disposed adjacent to the metal plate and electrically connected to the LED chips. The molding compound encapsulates the LED chips and a part of the lead.