Abstract: The invention proposes a method of separating hemicellulose through efficient pretreatment of fibrous biomass materials. Fibrous biomass materials are first pretreated by the slurry method: the fibrous biomass materials are milled through ball mills and sieved to obtain fibrous biomass material powder, and the powder is mixed with water at room temperature to obtain slurry premixed solution of the fibrous biomass material powder. Through regulation and control of the reaction temperature, the time and the water amount, efficient hydrothermal removal of hemicellulose from the fibrous biomass material powder is realized. After the mixed solution is filtered, the filtrate is subject to gradient sedimentation to separate hemicellulose with low dispersity, and the sediment is then dried before storage. After the filter residue is mixed with polar aprotic solvent and water, and heated and stirred in a pressurized reactor, high-purity cellulose is obtained through filtering and separation.

Abstract: A circuit breaker and method of operation. The circuit breaker includes a first current path including a mechanical switch, such as an ultrafast mechanical switch, and a second current path in parallel connection to the first current path, and including a current injector, such as a transient commutation current injection circuit, in series with bidirectional power electronic switch. A short circuit fault current from a mechanical switch path is communicated to the electronic path via a current injection, followed by interrupting the fault current. A pulse current is generated to the electronic switch in the second current path, and the mechanical switch is opened during the pulse current. The pulse current and the electronic switch reduce or eliminate arcing upon the opening the mechanical switch.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 using oligonucleotide primer pairs is disclosed. Oligonucleotide primer pairs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are also disclosed. Further, biomarkers and probes for SARS-CoV-2 detection are disclosed. The disclosure also relates to the identification and isolation of biomarkers for use as probes for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and further use of the biomarkers as a target for the development of drug targets and therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.

Abstract: This application describes modified amino acids and polypeptides comprising a SO2F or CH2CH2SO2F group bound to the side chain of an amono acid or amino acid residue of a polypeptide in place of a hydrogen of a hydroxyl or amino substituent thereof. Methods of covalently binding the polypeptides to receptot sites of receptor proteins are also described herein.

Abstract: The invention regards an assistance system and a method for assisting a user of such an assistance system including a display displaying representations of one or more objects in the environment of the display. In a first step, information on an environment of the display, is determined and presence of objects in the environment is determined. Then, a representation of the environment including representations of the objects determined in the environment is generated. For at least one of the determined and displayed objects, a starting point for an indicator line is calculated from a direction of the object relative to the display, and, for each determined starting point, an indicator line connecting the starting point with the displayed representation of the real world object is drawn.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, compositions, proteins, nucleic acids, cells, vectors, compounds, reagents, and systems for the preparation of kavalactones, flavokavains, and kavalactone and flavokavain biosynthetic intermediates using enzymes expressed in heterologous host cells, such as microorganisms or plants, or using in vitro enzymatic reactions. This invention also provides for the expression of the enzymes by recombinant cell lines and vectors. Furthermore, the enzymes can be components of constructs such as fusion proteins. The kavalactones produced can be utilized to treat anxiety disorder, insomnia, and other psychological and neurological disorders. The flavokavains produced can be utilized to treat various cancers including colon, bladder, and breast cancers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for synthesizing dihydroxyl-terminated polyphenylene oxide oligomer. The method for synthesizing dihydroxyl-terminated polyphenylene oxide oligomer, comprising oxidatively copolymerizing monohydric phenol and dihydric phenol in the presence of a metal-polyethyleneimine complex as a catalyst, to obtain the dihydroxyl-terminated polyphenylene oxide oligomer. The synthesizing method of the present disclosure uses a metal-polyethyleneimine complex as a catalyst, which has a milder catalytic activity, can effectively promote the reaction between the dihydric phenol and the monohydric phenol, increases the hydroxyl content of the product, meanwhile reduces the amount of the residual dihydric phenol monomer in the product, so that the quality of the product can be improved.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for precise positioning based on deep learning. The method performed by the apparatus includes setting a collection location and a collection environment, collecting wireless signal data based on the collection location and the collection environment, generating a magnitude map image for training from the wireless signal data, and generating a positioning DB model by learning the image characteristics of the magnitude map image for training through deep-learning-based training.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a method of decoding an image. The method of decoding an image according to the method includes: obtaining transform skip information of a current block from a bitstream; obtaining multiple transform selection information of the current block on the basis of the transform skip information from the bitstream; and performing inverse transform on the current block on the basis of the multiple transform selection information, wherein the multiple transform selection information is used to set each of a horizontal transform type and a vertical transform type.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a solid oxide fuel cell includes a cathode, an anode, and a solid oxide electrolyte between the anode and the cathode. The solid oxide electrolyte includes a solid oxide, and the anode includes a porous scaffold. The porous scaffold includes a solid oxide having metal-based catalysts disposed on one or more surfaces of the porous scaffold. In embodiments, at least one ammonia decomposition layer is disposed proximate the surface of the porous scaffold and is configured to convert ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen for subsequent feed of hydrogen to the anode. The ammonia decomposition layer also includes a metal decomposition catalyst.

Abstract: According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of producing hydrogen in a fuel cell includes passing ammonia under pressure to an anode of the fuel cell, where the ammonia is decomposed into nitrogen gas and protons. The fuel cell comprises a cathode, the anode, and a proton-conducting electrolyte between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an ammonia decomposition catalyst. The method further includes passing the purging the nitrogen from the anode, passing the protons through the proton-conducting electrolyte to the cathode, and passing the electrons from the anode to the cathode, wherein the protons and the electrons react to produce substantially pure hydrogen gas under pressure.

Abstract: A multi-stage modified thermoplastic starch (TPS) masterbatch is obtained by four-stage modification treatment as follows: (i) 100 parts of starch with a moisture content of 15% to 30% are added to a high-speed mixer and stirred under room temperature; (ii) Heated to 50° C. to 70° C., polybutadiene (PB), plasticizer and a chemical modifier are added. The mixture is then stirred a second time; (iii) Heated to 75° C. to 95° C., tackifier, lubricant, filler and chain extender are added. The mixture is again stirred a third time. (iv) A biodegradable resin is added at this temperature, and the resulting mixture is stirred a fourth time. After the stirring is completed, the resulting mixture is incubated at this temperature for a predetermined time, and then added to a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion. The present invention also discloses a preparation method and use.

Abstract: Actuating components and related methods are generally disclosed. Certain embodiments comprise an actuating component associated with a plurality of microneedles (e.g., for administering a therapeutic agent to a subject). In some embodiments, the actuating component may be administered to a subject such that the plurality of microneedles are deployed at a location internal to the subject (e.g., in the gastrointestinal tract). The actuating component may be contained within, in some embodiments, a capsule (e.g., for oral administration to a subject). In some embodiments, the actuating component has a pre-deployment configuration in which the plurality of microneedles have a first orientation and a deployed configuration in which the plurality of microneedles have a second orientation, different than the first orientation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds of the formula (I) wherein these compounds contain a ligand which binds to one or more target proteins such as CDK4 or CDK6 and a ligand which binds to the machinery associated with the ubiquitinating protein machinery. Also provided herein are methods of using these compounds in compositions or methods of treating patients with these compounds for the treatment of a disease or disorders such as cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies and isolated antigens. Also disclosed are related methods and compositions.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to technology that controls a remote moving body based on collaboration between the moving body and human, and a method for controlling a moving body includes acquiring a first biosignal indicating an intention to start operation of the moving body from a user, operating the moving body, determining a surrounding situation of the moving body that autonomously controls the driving, providing the user with surrounding information of the moving body for inducing path setting, acquiring a second biosignal evoked by recognition of the surrounding information from the user, setting a driving direction of the moving body, commanding the moving body to automatically perform a driving operation to be carried out in the set driving direction, and acquiring a third biosignal responsive to recognition of a driving error from the user and correcting the driving direction of the moving body to induce driving path resetting.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, compositions, proteins, nucleic acids, cells, vectors, compounds, reagents, and systems for the preparation of kavalactones, flavokavains, and kavalactone and flavokavain biosynthetic intermediates using enzymes expressed in heterologous host cells, such as microorganisms or plants, or using in vitro enzymatic reactions. This invention also provides for the expression of the enzymes by recombinant cell lines and vectors. Furthermore, the enzymes can be components of constructs such as fusion proteins. The kavalactones produced can be utilized to treat anxiety disorder, insomnia, and other psychological and neurological disorders. The flavokavains produced can be utilized to treat various cancers including colon, bladder, and breast cancers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plasma torch which comprises: a first pipe having a first flow channel through which a liquid can flow, a first exit through which the liquid is sprayed being provided on an one end side; a second pipe body that surrounds the first pipe body, and has a second flow channel through which a gas can flow, a second exit through which the gas is sprayed being provided on the one end side; and an electrode extending into the second flow channel. The second exit is provided further to the one end side than the first exit, some of the inner peripheral surface of the second pipe decreases in diameter towards the second exit, and the diameter of the inner peripheral surface closer to the second exit than the first exit is equal to or larger than the opening diameter of the first exit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for analyzing a video shot. The apparatus includes at least one program, memory in which the program is recorded, and a processor for executing the program. The program may include a frame extraction unit for extracting at least one frame from a video shot, a shot composition and camera position recognition unit for predicting shot composition and a camera position for the extracted at least one frame based on a previously trained shot composition recognition model, a place and time information extraction unit for predicting a shot location and a shot time for the extracted at least one frame based on previously trained shot location recognition model and shot time recognition model, and an information combination unit for combining pieces of information, respectively predicted for the at least one frame, for each video shot and tagging the video shot with the combined pieces of information.

Abstract: A sensor for detecting an analyte can include a photoluminescent nanostructure embedded in a sensor porous planar substrate. The sensor porous planar substrate can be supported by a substrate porous planar substrate.