Abstract: An CMOS device comprises a plurality of NMOS transistors and a plurality of PMOS transistors, each of which comprises a gate stack constituted of a gate insulating layer and a gate metal layer on a substrate, a source/drain region in the substrate on both sides of the gate stack and a channel region below the gate stack, wherein the gate metal layer of each NMOS transistor comprising a first barrier layer, an NMOS work function adjusting layer, a second barrier layer, and a filling layer, and wherein the gate metal layer of each PMOS transistor comprising a first barrier layer, a PMOS work function adjusting layer, an NMOS work function adjusting layer, a second barrier layer, and a filling layer, and wherein the first barrier layer in the gate metal layer of the NMOS transistor and the first barrier layer in the gate metal layer of the PMOS transistor contain a doping ion to finely adjust the work function.

Abstract: An electromagnetic coil system for driving control of a micro-robot includes pairs of X-axis and Y-axis Helmholtz coils whose winding central axes are placed on an X axis and Y axis respectively, a position recognition system that detects a position and direction of the micro-robot in a workspace, a controller that controls an amount of supply of electric currents flowing to the X-axis or Y-axis Helmholtz coils in order to control movement of the micro-robot based on information about the movement of the micro-robot and previously input information about a path of the micro-robot, and a current amplifier that supplies the electric currents to the respective Helmholtz coils. The pairs of X-axis and Y-axis Helmholtz coils are disposed so as to face each other, and the X-axis Helmholtz coils and the Y-axis Helmholtz coils are vertically crossed and installed so as to form the workspace of the micro-robot.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods for producing butyric acid comprising fermenting a feedstock using a bacterium. The feedstock comprises lactic acid, or the feedstock comprises lactic acid and at least one carbohydrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a redistribution layer, a plurality of through-silicon vias (TSVs), and a plating seed layer. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and a plurality of cavities. The redistribution layer is disposed on the first surface, and the TSVs are respectively disposed in the cavities. The plating seed layer is disposed between the inner wall of each of the cavities and the corresponding TSVs. The anti-oxidation layer is disposed between the plating seed layer and the corresponding TSVs. The buffer layer covers the first surface and exposes the redistribution layers. Furthermore, a manufacturing method and a stacking structure of the semiconductor device are also provided.

Abstract: According to a method and system for real-time malware detection based on web browser plugin, the method and system may connect a web server of a web site through a web browser module, execute a security module through a browser plugin of the web site, update a database for a browser cache of the web site from the web server by the security module, cache a web content of the web site from the web server, match cache data of the web content with the database, and warn about the web content if data matched with the cache data of the web content does not exist in the database.

Abstract: Provided is a sensor device including: a sensor unit converting a voltage of a periodically switched capacitor into a pulse signal by referring to a clock signal to provide the pulse signal as a first sensing signal; and a high-resolution analog to digital converter (ADC) amplifying a period of the first sensing signal 2n times (n is an integer), amplifying a period of the clock signal 2n?1 times, and generating a second sensing signal where a switching time of the capacitor is removed by removing the amplified clock signal from the amplified first sensing signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing dialkyl carbonate from urea or alkyl carbamate and alkyl alcohol using an ionic liquid comprising a cation, which produces a hydrogen ion, and a hydrophobic anion containing fluorine with high temperature stability in the presence of catalyst containing a metal oxide or hydrotalcite. Since the present invention can prepare dialkyl carbonate at a pressure lower than those of existing methods, it does not require an expensive pressure control device and peripheral devices for maintaining high pressure including the installation cost. It is also the method for preparing a dialkyl carbonate with high yield, thus improving economical efficiency. Moreover, the method of the present invention hardly produces any waste during the process and is thus an eco-friendly method.

Abstract: The invention provides a solar thermal storage method capable of supplying heat of about 1000-1300 K to an external facility for 24 hours. Disclosed is a solar thermal storage method for storing heat using solar light energy, comprising a concentrated beam irradiation step S1 of irradiating a reactive ceramics layer with a concentrated beam obtained by concentrating solar light to heat the same while moving the reactive ceramics layer formed using reactive ceramics that transforms from an oxidized form to a reduced form with a release of oxygen when heated and returns to the oxidized form when brought into contact with the oxygen; and a thermal storage step S2 of storing the heat emitted from the reactive ceramics layer in thermal storage means while bringing the reactive ceramics layer heated in the concentrated beam irradiation step S1 into contact with gas containing the oxygen.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing vinyl chloride with acetylene and dichlorethane for large-scale industrial production. Acetylene, dichlorethane vapor and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:(0.3-1.0):(0-0.20) are mixed; the raw mixed gas is preheated; the preheated raw mixed gas passes through a reactor containing a catalyst and reacts; the resultant mixed gas is cooled to 30-50° C. and pressurized to 0.4-1.0 MPa, and then cooled to ambient temperature, and further frozen to ?25-15° C. for liquefaction isolation, and unliquefied gas is recycled and reused; liquefied liquid is sent to a rectifying tower for rectification, and vinyl chloride monomers meeting polymerization requirements are obtained. The present invention has the advantages of eliminating mercury contamination completely, simplifying the reactor structure, recycling hydrogen chloride and acetylene, reducing waterwash process, avoiding mass production of waste acid and improving utilization of chlorine.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a heat recovery storage device, which includes a major container, a heat transfer machine mounted in the major container, and a thermostatic valve mounted on the heat transfer machine. And the heat transfer machine is used for conducting heat transfer directly to the water in the major container, thus the efficiency of recovery increases, and loss of heat decreases. Also, the water is not easily boiled during the heat recovery, and the maximum of water temperature can increases. In extended use of more than one device of the present invention, each of the major containers can be installed with or without a heat transfer machine as required. The bypass outgassing control is not needed during the heat recovery, and is performed when the water temperature in the containers reaches to the highest.

Abstract: A computer-implemented image processing method includes accessing image data representing a plurality of images of a plurality of vehicles and reading a data model representing a predefined vehicle attribute. The method further includes processing a portion of the image data to detect a vehicle feature of at least one of the vehicles represented in at least one of the images based on the predefined vehicle attribute, and processing the portion of the image data to generate vehicle data representing the detected vehicle feature.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, the invention relates to an article having a liquid-impregnated surface. The surface includes a matrix of solid features (e.g., non-toxic and/or edible features) spaced sufficiently close to stably contain a liquid therebetween or therewithin, wherein the liquid is non-toxic and/or edible. The article may contain, for example, a food or other consumer product, such as ketchup, mustard, or mayonnaise.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method a method of displaying an image on a display device is described. The display device includes a plurality of clusters. Each cluster has a plurality of pixels and an independent light source associated therewith. Each of the plurality of clusters are illuminated with their associated independent light source. The plurality of pixels in a cluster are refreshed with bits of gray scale. Simultaneously with the refreshing, the light source associated with the cluster where the plurality of pixels are being refreshed is switched off. When the plurality of pixels have been refreshed, the light source is switched on with a predetermined intensity of light. Each of the clusters are refreshed at a rate that is fast enough to eliminate flicker.

Abstract: A terminal device 2 transmits a wireless frame having a frame length or amplitude that represents the ID of a wireless base station 1 to be woken up to the wireless base station 1. The wireless base station 1 detects the wakeup ID from the frame length or amplitude of the wireless frame from the terminal device 2, and, if the detected wakeup ID is identical with its own ID, transitions from a sleep mode to an operating mode. In this case, the wireless frame is the same wireless frame as that transmitted and received by the wireless communication module of the terminal device 2 to and from the wireless base station 1.

Abstract: A touch panel includes a substrate, first electrodes, second electrodes, third electrodes, and fourth electrodes. The substrate includes a first touch region, a second touch region, and a first touch folding region disposed between the first touch region and the second touch region. The first electrodes extending from the first touch region to the first touch folding region and the second electrodes are disposed in the first touch region on the substrate. The third electrodes extending from the second touch region to the first touch folding region and the fourth electrodes are disposed in the second touch region on the substrate. The first electrodes and the third electrodes are not intersected with one another. A ratio of any side length of the touch panel to a distance between the first touch region and the second touch region is between 9.5 and 95.

Abstract: Provided is a packet forwarding structure for supporting network based content caching of aggregate contents. The packet forwarding structure includes: a forwarding table including forwarding information on a content in order to forward a request packet from a terminal; a request list table transmitting the request packet to a destination node according to the forwarding table when the request packet arrives; a content caching information table including the forwarding table, the request list table, and position information on where a content cashed based on a content ID or a content name is stored; and a content server function block storing the cached content.

Abstract: The invention relates to Modular multilevel converter valve protection method, the modular multilevel converter valve consists of 6 arms, the arm includes sub modules, 1 arm is controlled by 1 control host, 6 control hosts is controlled by 1 summary control host, the method of the invention includes that the arm realizes locking sub module, bypass sub module, trip requests and system switching request and the summary control host implements summary and control response. The invention improves the reliability of two protection system through the use of dual redundancy protection method, clears the protection division through the layered protection frame of the upper summary control host and multi arm control host. And finally, it improves the whole safety and reliability of the modular multilevel converter valve.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enhanced light out-coupling device for extraction of light radiation from a light source. The enhanced light out-coupling device comprises a grid having a plurality of channels, a reflective material layer coated on the grid, and a high refractive index fluid layer. In addition, the grid can be filled with phosphor particles for light converting. The device of the presently claimed invention is able to effectively avoid the scattering problem generated from the sapphire substrate and phosphor particles, as well as reduce light adsorption by the array of grid during the light extraction, leading to better image quality.

Abstract: A disaster monitoring and pre-warning system comprises a disaster informing system, peer-to-peer wireless communication devices, a monitoring host and a pre-warning message issuing host. The disaster informing system transfers at least one first disaster information. The peer-to-peer wireless communication devices sense at least one disaster event to generate at least one second disaster information. The at least one second disaster information is transferred by a peer-to-peer technology. The monitoring host receives the at least one first disaster information and the at least one second disaster information to generate a first pre-warning information. The pre-warning message issuing host issues the first pre-warning information.

Abstract: A method and porous multi-component material for the capture, separation or chemical reaction of a species of interest is disclosed. The porous multi-component material includes a substrate and a composite thin film. The composite thin film is formed by combining a porous polymer with a nanostructured material. The nanostructured material may include a surface chemistry for the capture of chemicals or particles. The composite thin film is coupled to the support or device surface. The method and material provides a simple, fast, and chemically and physically benign way to integrate nanostructured materials into devices while preserving their chemical activity.