Abstract: An optical transmitter for generating a multi-level optical signal and a method therefore are provided. The optical transmitter includes an optical power splitter configured to split one optical signal into N paths, N optical intensity modulators configured to modulate the split optical signals into binary optical signals, and an optical power combiner configured to combine the intensity-modulated optical signals to generate a multi-level optical signal having 2N levels.

Abstract: A system and method for satellite communication that receives channel status information (CSI) of a forward link connected to a subscriber terminal station, resets a modulation and coding (MODCOD) of a physical layer based on the received CSI, and changes a congestion window value of a transmission layer based on the reset value of the reset MODCOD of the physical layer is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for retaining and expressing physiologically active substances in a target tissue-specific-manner, by administering the physiologically active substances to target submucous tissue. Specifically, the present inventors demonstrated that, when physiologically active substances were directly administered into submucous tissues without using a carrier, the physiologically active substances were effectively and safely retained at the administration sites over long periods without loss and diffusion, and produced the effect acting in a reservoir-like fashion. The physiologically active substances administered as described above were demonstrated to produce the therapeutic effect without having an influence on organs other than the administered organ.

Abstract: This invention discloses a through-silicon via (TSV) structure for providing an electrical path between a first-side surface and a second-side surface of a silicon chip, and a method for fabricating the structure. In one embodiment, the TSV structure comprises a via penetrated through the chip from the first-side surface to the second-side surface, providing a first end on the first-side surface and a second end on the second-side surface. A local isolation layer is deposited on the via's sidewall and on a portion of the first-side surface surrounding the first end. The TSV structure further comprises a plurality of substantially closely-packed microstructures arranged to form a substantially non-random pattern and fabricated on at least the portion of the first-side surface covered by the local isolation layer for promoting adhesion of the local isolation layer to the chip. A majority of the microstructures has a depth of at least 1 ?m.

Abstract: A communication device operating as a node constituting a multi-hop network in which a plurality of different networks are mixed, a method for detecting a hub, and a method for transmitting a packet are provided. The communication device includes: a hub detection unit configured to determine whether or not the communication device operates as a hub; a pheromone calculation unit configured to calculate a pheromone value according to whether or not the communication device is a hub; a transmission unit configured to broadcast the pheromone value to neighbor nodes; a reception unit configured to receive the pheromone value from each of the neighbor nodes; and a forwarding node selecting unit configured to compare the pheromone values of the neighbor nodes and select a neighbor node having the greatest pheromone value as a forwarding node to which a packet is to be transmitted.

Abstract: A method of converting a routing mode of a network is provided, wherein a plurality of first routes connected a central controller to a plurality of nodes are established in the network through a spanning tree protocol and a plurality of second routes between the nodes in the network through the spanning tree protocol. The method includes enabling a firewall of each of the nodes to block the second routes; disabling a spanning tree protocol function of each of the nodes; populating a forwarding table of each of the nodes with a plurality of predetermined routing paths; and flushing the firewall of each of the nodes, wherein a plurality of third routes between the central controller and the plurality of nodes are established according to the predetermined routing paths without the spanning tree protocol, after the firewall of each of the nodes is flushed.

Abstract: An optical system includes a beam splitter disposed along an optical axis and a set of mirrors optically coupled to the beam splitter. The set of mirrors are oriented perpendicular to each other. The optical system also includes a turning mirror optically coupled to a second mirror of the set of mirrors and a detector optically coupled to the turning mirror.

Abstract: A method and system for pins detection and insertion of an electronic component are provided. The method includes picking an electronic component having a plurality of pins by a pick and place device, acquiring a plurality of serial images with respect to the plurality of pins at different height along an image acquiring direction by an image acquiring device, separately detecting image positions corresponding to the plurality of pins in the plurality of serial images, determining whether the electronic component is qualified according to a distance between the image positions of two adjacent pins, and if the electronic component is qualified, inserting the electronic component to a circuit board according to a position relationship between the image positions of the pins and a geometric center position of the pick and place device.

Abstract: A method disclosed for making a side-chain dendrimer vesicle. The method includes the steps of: At first, there is provided a random copolymer with a narrow distribution of molecular weights by active polymerization and chemical modification. Then, chemical modification is executed to graft various generations of dendrimers to the random copolymer to provide a side-chain dendritic random copolymer with various generations. Two steps of emulsification are taken to induce macromolecular self-assembling of the side-chain dendritic random copolymer solution to form the macromolecular vesicle. The side-chain dendrimer includes C10˜C18 hydrophobic alkyl chains.

Abstract: An image processor is capable of performing an image dead pixel detection method, so as to detect at least one dead pixel in an input image. The image dead pixel detection method includes the following steps. A high-pass filter processing is performed on an input image, so as to obtain a filter image. A global mean value and a global standard difference are obtained according to the filter image. A to-be-detected pixel in the filter image is selected. A local mean value, a local standard difference, and a global mean value difference and a local mean value difference are obtained according to the to-be-detected pixel and multiple neighboring pixels. When the global mean value difference and the global standard difference satisfy a first condition, and the local mean value difference and the local standard difference satisfy a second condition, the to-be-detected pixel is considered as a dead pixel.

Abstract: A composition comprising a TRAIL-R2 receptor or fragment thereof bound to a ligand in crystalline form is presently provided along with novel binding sites and binding agents of a TRAIL receptor. Also provided are methods of designing a compound, protein or peptide and identifying a binding agent that interacts with a TRAIL receptor. The present invention further provides methods of modulating binding of a TRAIL receptor to a ligand, the methods comprising contacting the TRAIL receptor with a binding agent, ligand, or an agonist or antagonist thereof, that interacts with a novel binding site described herein.

Abstract: A negative-electrode active material for secondary battery includes a sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile. The sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile includes a polyacrylonitrile, and sulfur being introduced into the polyacrylonitrile.

Abstract: A surgical device mitigates over-puncture with a bias spring that biases a leading, cutting edge in the opposite direction of the anticipated over-puncture. An associated locking mechanism is configured to release the force of the bias spring in a direction counter to the direction of insertion when the tension force of tissue against the cutting edge is released. Thus, when an opening in the tissue forms, the tension is released and the cutting edge can move opposite to the direction of insertion of the surgical device at the same time that an applied force drives the instrument in the direction of insertion. In this manner, the spring and locking mechanism cooperate to move the cutting edge opposite to the direction of insertion as soon as an incision is made.

Abstract: A method of calculating an electromagnetic wave, includes measuring an electromagnetic wave emitted from an electronic device using an electromagnetic-wave scanner; and receiving the electromagnetic wave as input to detect an electromagnetic wave value in a proximity plane at a prescribed first distance from the electronic device. Further, the method includes calculating an electromagnetic wave at a point by a second distance from the electronic device using the electromagnetic wave value.

Abstract: A protocol conversion apparatus includes: a message filter unit for acquiring a unique type identifier by comparing an input message based on a first protocol to a message mask stored in a mask storage unit, and acquiring a message parameter by filtering the input message through the message mask; and a message generation unit for extracting a message template corresponding to the unique type identifier from a template storage unit, and generating an output message based on a second protocol by synthesizing the message parameter and the message template.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of providing file-related social network interaction under cloud storage service, which comprises: (a) a cloud server synchronizes a plurality of share files transmitted from any local computer to synchronization file folders of all the other local computers; (b) the cloud server gathers all social network feedback messages from all the local computers and user accounts thereof; and (c) when a social network feedback ranking table is opened, the cloud server provides a plurality of latest social network feedback messages relative to the share files and names of the share files and the user accounts to the local computer, thereby allowing the social network feedback ranking table to be made.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of theranostic classification of a breast cancer tumor is provided, comprising obtaining a breast cancer tumor sample from a subject, detecting an expression level of FOXC1, comparing the expression level of FOXC1 to a predetermined cutoff level, and classifying the breast cancer tumor sample as belonging to a theranostic basal-like breast cancer tumor subtype or a theranostic hybrid basal-like breast cancer tumor subtype when the expression level of FOXC1 is higher than the predetermined cutoff level. In other embodiments, methods for predicting a prognosis of a basal-like breast cancer and methods of treating a basal-like breast cancer are provided.

Abstract: An axial flux Halbach rotor comprise: a first magnet set and a second magnet set. Further comprises: a plurality of first magnets that are respective featured by their respective first magnetizing directions and are arranged interconnecting to each other by the use of a first connecting element while allowing any two neighboring first magnets to be spaced from each other by a first distance; and the second magnet set further comprises: a plurality of second magnets that are respectively featured by their respective second magnetizing directions and are arranged interconnecting to each other by the use of a second connecting element while allowing any two neighboring second magnets to be spaced from each other by a second distance. In addition, the first magnet set and the second magnet set are arranged inlaid into each other while allowing the plural first magnets and the plural second magnets to be dispose alternatively.

Abstract: A two-stage process for upgrading a gaseous stream containing CO2 and H2S in which the gaseous stream and pressurized water are provided to a first stage absorption process in which a portion of the CO2 is absorbed by the pressurized water. The reduced-CO2 gaseous stream and a chemical solvent suitable for absorbing CO2 and H2S are provided to a second stage absorption process in which the H2S and remaining CO2 are removed from the gaseous stream, producing an acid gas stream and an upgraded gaseous stream meeting pipeline-quality specifications.

Abstract: A method and a system, for offsetting measurement of machine tool, includes following steps. A tool seat is chosen, a first coordinate is set based on a first datum mark of the tool seat. There is a total tool seat assembling length in between the first datum mark and the tool seat. A tool is chosen, assembled in the tool seat, and includes a total tool length. A second coordinate is set based on a second datum mark of a measuring unit. The tool seat is moved to make a machining end of the tool contact with the second coordinate to obtain a relative total length in between the first and the second coordinate. The total tool length subtracts from the relative total length equals an assembled offset length. The total tool seat assembling length subtracts from the relative total length equals and obtains a tool assembling length.