Abstract: A method of analyzing a remotely-located object includes the steps of inducing a volume of an ionized ambient gas to emit pulsed terahertz radiation directed toward a targeted object by focusing an optical pump beam in the volume and ionizing another volume of the ambient gas to produce a sensor plasma by focusing an optical probe beam in the other volume of ambient gas. The interaction, in the sensor plasma, of the focused optical probe beam and an incident terahertz wave, which is produced by the targeted object reflecting, scattering, or transmitting the pulsed terahertz radiation, produces a resultant radiation. Detecting an optical component of the resultant radiation emitted by the sensor plasma facilitates detection of a signature of the targeted object imposed onto the incident terahertz radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nano-sized photocatalytic sol and application thereof. The invention utilizes spherical nano-photocatalyst and non-spherical photocatalytic sol for coating a photocatalyst layer on a substrate. Because of the stereo, interlaced and composite structure between spherical photocatalyst and non-spherical photocatalyst, a hard and well adhesion coated layer of photocatalyst with good photocatalytic activity can be obtained without using binder.

Abstract: The invention relates to chondroitinase ABC I and uses thereof. In particular, the invention relates to recombinant and modified chondroitinase ABC I, their production and their uses. The chondroitinase ABC I enzymes of the invention are useful for a variety of purposes, including degrading and analyzing polysaccharides such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). These GAGs can include chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, unsulfated chondroitin and hyaluronan. The chondroitinase ABC I enzymes can also be used in therapeutic methods such as promoting nerve regeneration, promoting stroke recovery, treating spinal cord injury, treating epithelial disease, treating infections and treating cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Brevundimonas sp. strain SD212-derived peptide having ?-ionone ring-2-hydroxylase activity and a gene encoding the same, to thereby make it possible to produce rare carotenoids in which a hydroxyl group is introduced at the position 2 (2?) carbon in their ?-ionone ring in large quantities. The present invention also provides a novel gene encoding an enzyme which introduces a hydroxyl group at the position 3 (3?) carbon in the ?-ionone ring of carotenoids, and a novel gene encoding a geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase.

Abstract: A device and method for updating location information of an idle state terminal in a communication system supporting an idle state of a terminal are provided. In the method, an expectation time for updating the location information is calculated according to a moving speed of the terminal, when a state of the terminal is changed to an active state to the idle state, the calculated expectation time is registered to a paging timer, and the paging timer is operated, the location information of the terminal is updated when the paging timer expires.

Abstract: Modified heparinases having altered binding specificity and activity are provided. Isolated nucleic acids encoding the same as well as vectors and host cells are provided. Methods for using the modified heparinases are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hair graft comprising (a) tissue engineered skin comprising a tissue engineered epidermal layer, a tissue engineered dermal layer, and hair follicle progenitor cells and (b) a scaffold. The invention also provides methods of making and using the hair grafts of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to chondroitinase ABC I and uses thereof. In particular, the invention relates to recombinant and modified chondroitinase ABC I, their production and their uses. The chondroitinase ABC I enzymes of the invention are useful for a variety of purposes, including degrading and analyzing polysaccharides such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). These GAGs can include chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, unsulfated chondroitin and hyaluronan. The chondroitinase ABC I enzymes can also be used in therapeutic methods such as promoting nerve regeneration, promoting stroke recovery, treating spinal cord injury, treating epithelial disease, treating infections and treating cancer.

Abstract: In a method of producing chemical mechanical polishing particles and slurry, a type of organic nano particles are put in a reaction solution containing nano-scale cerium oxide; the nano-scale cerium oxide is assembled to outer surface of the organic nano particles due to electrostatic attraction among particles, so as to form chemical mechanical polishing particles having a cerium oxide shell. The chemical mechanical polishing particles having a cerium oxide shell are then used to produce chemical mechanical polishing slurry.

Abstract: In a calibration apparatus in a communication system, a modulation unit calculates a reference signal by modulating a downlink signal, and a digital Intermediate Frequency (IF) unit converts the reference signal to an intermediate frequency signal. An up-converter converts the intermediate frequency signal to a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, and a down-converter generates a received signal for each of the paths from the RF signal to be transmitted through each path. A calibrator calculates a correction value for each path and a delay value by using the reference signal and the received signal for each path.

Abstract: An estimation device estimates a hidden state of an estimation subject from an observable state in a manner of a time series. The observable state is observed from the hidden state of the estimation subject under a procedure that has a hierarchical structure, which includes the hidden state of the estimation subject, the observable state, and an intermediate hidden state therebetween. The estimation device includes an estimation subject hidden state predicting means, an intermediate hidden state predicting means based on the state transition structure of the hidden state of the estimation subject, an intermediate hidden state likelihood observing means, an intermediate hidden state estimating means, an estimation subject hidden state likelihood observing means, estimation subject hidden state estimating means, an intermediate hidden state predicting means based on the state transition structure of the intermediate hidden state, and the mixing means.

Abstract: A method of separating a first fluid from a second fluid may include prewetting with the first fluid at least one channel defined by a separation device, the at least one channel thereby containing a column of the first fluid along its length. A combined flow of the first fluid and the second fluid may be presented to the separation device, so that the at least one channel is in fluid communication with the combined flow. Fluid pressure may be applied across the combined flow and the separation device, but the applied pressure should not exceed the capillary pressure in the at least one channel. Otherwise, the combined flow may be forced through the separation device. In this manner, the first fluid flows through the at least one channel, and the second fluid is excluded from the at least one channel, thereby separating at least a portion of the first fluid from the second fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to macroporous chitosan beads having 5-200 ?m in size of relatively large and uniform pores that are distributed from surface to core region. The macroporous chitosan beads of the present invention make cell culturing efficient. Cells can attach to them efficiently due to their large surface area.

Abstract: A removable electrical interface device for transferring data to and from a host adapted to operate in one of a universal serial bus (USB) compatible mode, a Mu mode and a non-USB compatible mode includes a first row of contact pads capable of supporting at least one of USB Standard-A connection, Mu mode connection or non-USB compatible mode connection, and a second row of contact pads capable of supporting the Mu mode connection and the non-USB compatible mode connection.

Abstract: A user traffic amount measuring device in a mobile communication system may measure and analyze an amount of traffic used in a second base station by a mobile station performing a handover from a first base station to the second base station. In this case, without changing a configuration of the mobile communication system, the amount of traffic used by the mobile station having performed the handover to the base station may be measured for each subscriber by using information allocated for each basic connection identifier based on downlink and uplink MAP information elements included in a downlink frame broadcasted by the base station.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for setting a quality of service (QoS) in a terminal. The method includes receiving from a base station and displaying information regarding radio resource usage condition in a communication network; receiving and setting a QoS demanded by a user; receiving a data service by using the established QoS; checking the information regarding radio resource usage condition, wherein the radio resource is regularly provided, and changing or resetting QoS.

Abstract: Apparatus and method use pre-order queuing and scheduling. Reordering of the transmission sequence of packets that could be sent out in one round is allowed according to the quantum consumption status of the flow within the round. Per-packet time complexity is maintained independent from an increase in flow number and packets of variable-length are processed.

Abstract: A non-destructive detection method and system enables detecting a moisture patch located inside a building wall or the like. A transmitter generates a series of ultra-wideband pulses while an ultra-wideband antenna unit, preferably in the form of an antenna array including a plurality of switchable antenna pairs, directs the pulses toward the building structure so that the pulses are reflected therefrom, and receives the reflected pulses. A receiver processes the reflected pulses received by the antenna unit and produces a corresponding output. A controller controls the operation of the transmitter, receiver and antenna unit, and analyzes the output of the receiver for the presence of moisture inside of the building wall.

Abstract: An observation unit of an authentication apparatus and an observation unit of an authentication target apparatus observe a radio wave from a common radio star at a common observation time. A sending unit sends information message including information on the observed radio wave, and an information reception unit receives it. An estimation unit estimates a position of the authentication target apparatus based on “the information on the radio wave observed by the observation unit” and “information on the radio wave observed by the observation unit”. A retaining unit pre-retains positions of one or more authentication target apparatus(s). A determination unit checks whether a position of the authentication target apparatus pre-retained in the retaining unit and the estimated position correspond within a predetermined error range, and settles authentication for the information message as a success in a case where the positions correspond.

Abstract: A method of friction stir welding and a non-consumable retractable shoulderless variable penetration friction stir welding tool. The tool includes a substantially cylindrical body portion, a head portion, and a tip section, each integral to the tool. The body portion has a longitudinal axis about which it is rotable, a diameter, a sidewall substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis, a proximal end, and a distal end. The head portion is located at the distal end of the body portion. The head portion has a base with a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the body portion thereby forming a smooth transition between the body portion and the head portion, thus, the tool has no shoulder. The head portion includes a face that converges to the tip section. The tool is retractable, reduces overheating, improves weld quality by reducing internal voids and lack of fusion, and facilitates variable penetration welds.