Abstract: Vehicles and methods for determining an object of a driver's focus are disclosed. In one embodiment, a vehicle includes an object detection sensor configured to output an output signal, a sound detection sensor configure to output a sound signal, and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to detect one or more objects based at least in part on the output signal of the object detection sensor, and detect speech based on the sound signal of the sound detection sensor. The electronic control unit is further configured to determine an object of focus based at least in part on a comparison of the speech and the one or more objects, and produce a control signal based at least in part on the object of focus.

Abstract: A rotary guiding device includes a rotating shaft to rotationally drive a tool head. The rotating shaft includes upper and lower shaft portions, and a steerable portion, the upper shaft portion and the lower shaft portion are steerably connected by the steerable portion. A non-rotating body is mounted on the upper shaft portion, the non-rotating body is substantially non-rotating with respect to the rotating shaft in circumferential direction when the rotating shaft rotationally drives the tool head. The lower shaft portion includes a rib portion coinciding at least partially in axial direction with the non-rotating body. The non-rotating body includes at least three hydraulic driving mechanisms uniformly distributed along its circumferential direction, the three hydraulic driving mechanisms controllably generate radial drive forces respectively, the radial driving forces act on the rib portion overlapping the non-rotating body so the lower shaft portion can be deflectable relative to the steerable portion.

Abstract: A region of interest (ROI)-based virtual reality (VR) content streaming server and a method are disclosed. The streaming server includes a communication unit that receives a request signal for a media presentation description (MPD) file regarding tiles of a tiled video, ROI) information, and a request signal for a segment file from an electronic device, and transmits the MPD file and the segment file corresponding to the request signal to the electronic device. The streaming server further includes a controller configured to, when the request signal for the MPD file is received, control the MPD file corresponding to the request signal to be transmitted to the electronic device.

Abstract: A flap slat control lever and a method for operating the lever are disclosed. The lever includes: a first displacement sensor to detect a displacement of the flap slat control lever and generate a first displacement detection signal; a second displacement sensor to detect the displacement of the flap slat control lever and generate a second displacement detection signal; a first control command module to receive the first displacement detection signal; and a second control command module to receive the second displacement detection signal, wherein the first control command module is in a standby state and the second control command module is in a working state.

Abstract: A residual toxicant detection device for testing residual toxicant in an aqueous solution is disclosed, which includes a first space cavity, a second space cavity, a connecting frame and a sensing cavity. The first space cavity includes a light source and a lens. The second space cavity includes a photo sensor and a circuit module. The connecting frame is configured to connect the first space cavity and the second space cavity. The sensing cavity for receiving an aqueous solution is formed between the first space cavity and the second space cavity and at one side of the connecting frame. The light source emits a light with a wavelength range. The photo sensor receives the sensing signal of the light passing through the sensing cavity. The circuit module is configured to calculate the absorbance and the variation in absorbance of the residual toxicants in the aqueous solution.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for calculating a risk for an industrial control system and an apparatus for the same. The method includes collecting at least one keyword based on published vulnerabilities in a target industrial control system and generating an attack vector corresponding to the at least one keyword; collecting operating environment characteristics corresponding to the operating environment that is currently being used in the target industrial control system; calculating a targeted risk for the attack vector in consideration of a vulnerability characteristic matching the at least one keyword, among the operating environment characteristics, and a weight applied to the vulnerability characteristic; and providing the targeted risk to the operator module of the target industrial control system.

Abstract: A direct bonded copper ceramic substrate is provided, which includes a nitride ceramic substrate, a first passivation layer, and a first copper layer. The first passivation layer includes aluminum oxide or silicon oxide doped with another metal. The other metal is titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, or a combination thereof. The aluminum or silicon and the other metal have a weight ratio of 60:40 to 99.5:0.5. The first passivation layer is disposed between the top surface of the nitride ceramic substrate and the first copper layer.

Abstract: A transformer system is provided that includes four magnetically coupled coils having fixed spacing geometry. The four magnetically coupled coils include a drive coil that produces magnetic fields and a load coil. All coils are coupled in the transformer system, but the first resonant coil is highly coupled with the drive coil so that the resonant coil can receive energy from the drive coil and the second resonant coil is highly coupled to the load coil so that the load coil can extract energy efficiently from the second resonant coil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly, a membrane-electrode assembly, and a fuel cell. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a membrane-electrode assembly, a membrane-electrode assembly, and a fuel cell, the method comprising: preparing an electrode layer; preparing a porous support layer; and positioning the electrode layer on each of both surfaces of the porous support layer, and hot pressing the electrode layer positioned on both surfaces of the porous support layer, wherein the preparing of the electrode layer comprises: forming a functional layer including a hydrogen ion conductive binder resin on at least a portion on an electrode catalyst layer; and forming an electrolyte layer on at least a portion on the functional layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a metal single-atom catalyst for a fuel cell. The method for preparing a metal single-atom catalyst uses a relatively lower amount of chemical substances as compared to the conventional methods and thus is eco-friendly, uses no liquid through the whole process and avoids a need for additional steps for separating and/or washing the catalyst after its synthesis, thereby allowing simplification of the process, and can produce a single-atom catalyst at low cost. In addition, unlike the conventional methods having a limitation in metallic materials, the method can be applied in common regardless of types of metals, and thus is significantly advantageous in that it can be applied widely to obtain various types of metal single-atom catalysts. Further, in the method for preparing a metal single-atom catalyst, metal atoms totally participate in the reaction. Thus, the method can minimize the usage of metal to provide high cost-efficiency.

Abstract: An object recognition system based on machine learning includes a 2D image capture module, a 3D space capture module, a data selection module, a data alignment module, a feature capture module and a detection module. The 2D image capture module captures a 2D image. The 3D space capture module captures 3D point cloud data. The data selection module performs object segmentation and depth recognition to select at least one region of interest (ROI). The data alignment module maps coordinates of the at least one ROI to coordinates of the 2D image. The feature capture module calculates features of the 2D image and extracts at least one feature of interest corresponding to the coordinates of the ROI from the features of the 2D image. The detection module obtains the feature of interest and identifies at least one object in the 2D image according to the feature of interest.

Abstract: A processing path generating device including an intuitive path teaching device and a controller is provided. The intuitive path teaching device is provided for gripping and moving with respect to a workpiece to create a moving path. The intuitive path teaching device has a detecting portion for detecting a surface feature of the workpiece. The controller is connected to the intuitive path teaching device. The controller generates a processing path according to the moving path of the intuitive path teaching device and the surface feature of the workpiece.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a latent hardener in which only the surface of the hardener is selectively deactivated under a carbon dioxide or inert gas atmosphere, a one-component epoxy adhesive including the same, and a preparation method thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition for forming a polyurethane film, a polyurethane film derived from the composition and an article comprising a substrate and the polyurethane film, and the composition for forming a polyurethane film comprises an OH group-containing polymer; a curing agent; and an amphoteric ion-based polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a recombination layer containing nanoparticles and an integrated tandem solar cell manufactured using the same. The integrated tandem solar cell includes a first solar cell having a form in which a rear electrode, a light absorption layer, and a buffer layer are stacked, a recombination layer formed on the buffer layer and including a triple layer structure which has first and second transparent conductive layers with a transparent conductive nanoparticle layer disposed therebetween, and a second solar cell disposed on and bonded to the recombination layer and including a perovskite layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a generally-applicable measurement technique based on coherent quantum enhancement effects and provides embodiments with nonlinear optics. The technique utilizes parametric nonlinear processes where the information-carrying electromagnetic quanta in a number of electromagnetic modes are converted phase coherently to signature quanta in a single mode or a few modes. The phase coherence means that while the quanta before conversion may have unequal or uncertain phase values across the modes, the signature quanta converted from those different modes have the (near) uniform phase. This can lead to significant increase in the signal to noise ratio in detecting weak signal buried in strong background noise. Applications can be found in remote sensing, ranging, biological imaging, field imaging, target detection and identification, covert communications, and other fields that can benefit from improved signal to noise ratios by using the phase coherent effect.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for forming a polyurethane film with improved reaction stability, comprising an OH group-containing polymer; an isocyanate-based compound as a curing agent; and an alicyclic urea diol compound having two urea groups and an OH group at two terminals, and a polyurethane film with improved self-healable property from tear, derived from the composition.

Abstract: An anonymous credential authentication system receives an anonymous credential signature value indicating that setting proposition information using a credential is satisfied from a user device that has been issued the credential combined with multiple pieces of attribute information constituting personal information, generates signer authentication information that confirms a signer of the anonymous credential signature value using an opening key, and outputs the signer authentication information.

Abstract: A pixel compensation circuit including a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and an organic light-emitting diode, each of the first transistor to the sixth transistor including a drain, a source and a gate.

Abstract: A method for controlling a memory from which data is transferred to a neural network processor and an apparatus thereof are provided, the method including: generating prefetch information of data by using a blob descriptor and a reference prediction table after history information is input; reading the data in the memory based on the pre-fetch information and temporarily archiving read data in a prefetch buffer; and accessing next data in the memory based on the prefetch information and temporarily archiving the next data in the prefetch buffer after the data is transferred to the neural network from the prefetch buffer.