Abstract: An apparatus and a process for making semi-finished products in the form of thin metal bars having a width-gauge ratio of over 60 and a maximum sheet metal gauge tolerance of 2%. A metal profile is fed continuously and upwardly through a pool of melt material having the same composition as the metal profile so as to form a coated metal profile. The metal profile is fed at a rate which would result in a coated metal profile having a thickness of at least three times that of the uncoated metal profile. The coated metal profile is subjected to a smoothing pass between a pair of smoothing rolls when the mean temperature in the crystallized layer of the coated metal profile meets a given condition. The smoothing rolls are adjustably disposed inside a housing at a distance of 0.5 to 5 m from the melt pool surface.

Abstract: A use billing system with an arrangement for identifying distances traveled by a moving object within a system of traveled distances or for identifying fixed geographical zones entered by the object. In order to provide a billing arrangement which is universally applicable as far as possible and which requires little expenditure on infrastructure, a system is provided which is installed independently for wireless transmission of information to detect the current geographical position of the object. The moving object carries a reception system to receive the information transmitted over the air and a storage device for temporary storage of data. A second storage device for permanent storage of predetermined data is also carried. The object further carries a comparison device for comparing these data. An identification device is carried by the object for identifying the respective traveled distance.

Abstract: A device for removing cast molded parts from a mold of an injection molding machine, the device including a carrier plate connected to a movable mold plate and spaced therefrom by spacer elements. A screw-out motor is provided on the carrier plate coaxially to the central axis of the mold, and the motor shaft journal runs through a central bore in the carrier plate. At least two ejector cylinders that are axially parallel to the mold central axis are attached to the carrier plate and have piston rods which run through openings in the carrier plate. An ejector plate is attached at the head end of the piston rods and has a central bore through which a drive-side shaft part of the screw-out motor runs.

Abstract: A plastics injection molding machine having a screw which is arranged in an injection cylinder and is moved by a linear drive and a rotary drive such that it is driven by only one motor. The driving motor is a servo motor and the linear drive is a piston-cylinder unit which is moved by a hydraulic pump which is connected with the driving motor and is in a closed hydraulic circuit. The screw has a drive shaft which is acted upon by the rotary drive connected to the driving motor. The rotary drive has a hydraulic drive with a motor which has a driven motor shaft corresponding to a piston rod. The motor is connected with the forward-flow line via a feed line and an outlet line. A releasable check valve, which is controllable by a two-way directional control valve, is provided in the forward-flow line.

Abstract: A non-railbound vehicle in which at least one driving wheel is coupled with an electric motor which is supplied with electric current via power electronics influenced by an electronic control depending on the power requirement selected by the driver via an accelerator pedal. The current is produced by a generator (2) which is coupled with an internal combustion engine. The current for driving the generator is supplied with an operating voltage in the medium-voltage range. Additionally, there is a vehicle power supply in the low-voltage range which ensures the supply of power to accessory electrical consumers. The low-voltage power supply has a vehicle battery and is supplied with current obtained by transforming a portion of the mechanical energy generated by the internal combustion engine. The generator can also be operated as an electric motor for starting the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for coating the surf of elongated materials, in particular steel strips, with a metallic coating. The material is guided in one direction through a tank holding the molten coating material. The tank has a through-duct surrounded by an electric field below the surface of the molten bath. An electromagnetic force is generated in the region where the through-duct opens into the melt, which electromagnetic force is equal to or greater than the metallostatic pressure, directed oppositely thereto vectorially and quantitatively proportional to the product of the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening and the metallostatic pressure, and in which the dwell of the strip in the melt can be controlled independently of the rate of feed of the strip.

Abstract: A process for producing hot-rolled steel strip from strip-form cast feedstock in consecutive work steps, in which the solidified feedstock is roughed down in a particular sequence by reversing roll passes. The feedstock is then coiled up for temporary storage in a furnace atmosphere, and finally supplied to a finishing train to be rolled down to the finished band thickness. The machine for carrying out this process includes a temperature-controlled intermediate storage furnace provided between a reversing Steckel mill and the multi-stand finishing train.

Abstract: A universal mill stand for continuously forming tubes, especially in tube welding units, into round or profiled tubes. The mill stand has a housing from which the complete universal assemblies can be removed and exchanged for producing round tubes or for producing profiled tubes.

Abstract: A process and a device for regulating the position of the tip of an electrode immersed in an electric furnace heated by electric arc or resistance heating. To precisely measure the position of the electrode tip and to position it in operation, a series of gas containers are introduced into the electrode in succession at certain intervals, with each gas container being given a serial number (n.sub.i). The position of the electrode tip is determined by computer from the data of the last gas container with the serial number (n.sub.j) and the current number of the melted-open gas container, determined by gas analysis, using the gas that rises in the furnace through the melting process. Control technology is then applied to the drive of the electrode bearing device.

Abstract: A process for detecting flaws on stretched workpieces, especially tubes and bars, in which the test specimen is passed in the axial direction and without rotation by fixed electrodynamic transducers arranged separately in the peripheral direction. Wave pulses travelling in both peripheral directions are generated in the test specimen at different locations in alternating fashion in the test cycle, and the location of reception for the reflection signals is different from that for the transmission signals. The wave pulses travelling in both directions are generated at at least four locations separated symmetrically from one another in the peripheral direction in alternating fashion in the test cycle. Each particular sequence of reception signals is evaluated separately, and for each cycle the reception signal and a burst signal are fed to a peak detector and the output signal of the peak detector is transmitted in digital form to a computer.

Abstract: An electric drive unit for a vehicle is disclosed which has two electric machines axially aligned and connected with each other in mirror image. Each electric machine has a casing (3), a rotor (2) having a wheel body (16), an inner annular stator (4) including stator windings (5), having an axial, substantially cylindrical recess (11). The stator is attached to the casing (3), a rotor shaft (7) is attached to the wheel body (16) and extends into the substantially cylindrical axial recess (11) of the stator (4). There are first mounting means (20) rotatably mounted within the housing and relative thereto for mounting the rotor shaft (7); and an output coupling means (8, 9, 19, 25, 26) having a connecting flange (25, 26) for detachably connecting an output shaft thereto, the output coupling means (8, 9, 19, 25, 2 86) being disposed substantially within the axial cylindrical recess (11).

Abstract: A lubricating apparatus for centrally distributing lubricant to a desired lubrication point of a wedge surface of an expanding reel mandrel through an axial bore defined in the shaft of an expanding reel mandrel. The mandrel further defines a channel therein for establishing fluid communication between the lubrication point and the axial bore of the mandrel shaft. One or more lubricant-guiding cartridges are disposed within the axial bore of the mandrel shaft and a central lubricant distribution unit is attached to an end of the shaft for distributing lubricant to the cartridges. Each cartridge has a longitudinal conduit defined therein and a peripheral wall having an annular transverse groove. The transverse groove is in fluid communication with the longitudinal conduit and with the channel so that lubricant is flowable from the central distribution unit to the lubrication point on the wedge surface.

Abstract: A planetary mill having two stationary backing bodies, located one above the other in chocks in a roll stand. Two synchronously rotary-driven cage rings are coaxially mounted on the backing bodies so as to be separated from one another. The case rings rotate in parallel planes of rotation, and respectively hold, in swing roll bearings, one end of work rolls and/or intermediate rolls arranged between the two cage rings. The rolls and the cage rings rotate together around the backing body. The rolls rest against roll-off surfaces in the area of the roll gap. The cage rings are turnable relative to one another in their planes of rotation, to permit setting of the desired rolling material profile without changing the position of the roll-off surfaces.

Abstract: In a servohydraulic actuator comprising a valve housing, a tandem cylinder, first and second servo valves operating synchronously and in axial alignment with one another in the valve housing and hydraulically connected to the tandem cylinder. Each of the first and second servo valves include an outer sleeve provided with inlet and outlet ducts and a control slide wherein one of the first and second servo valves are displaceable and the other servo valve is stationary. The displaceable valve includes a device for applying a resetting force acting against displacement of the valve. An intermediate sleeve separates the first and second servo valves and includes a coupling rod having an enlarged portion with a transverse opening which extends between and connects the control slides of the first and second servo valves. The actuator also includes an adjustment device for applying an externally controlled axial force against the resetting force to displace the outer sleeve of the displaceable servo valve.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and an installation for the production of liquid fuels and raw chemicals from crude petroleum within the framework of a refinery process with process steps for distillation, thermal and/or catalytic cracking, and possibly reformation. The refinery process is directly supplemented by various process steps, i.e. a partial flow of the C.sub.4 components together with a flow of methanol or ethanol is subjected to a catalytic reaction, the unconverted n-butane-containing portion of the components is subjected to isomerization, a part of the isobutane is subjected to a thermal cracking process, and finally the product flow emerging therefrom is guided back, in its entirety or in part, into the fractionation stage for splitting.

Abstract: A process for the continuous conversion of energy chemically bound in a starting fuel based on C-H compounds into usable mechanical energy. For this purpose, a gas turbine is used and in order to obtain high mechanical efficiency the combustion is effected at least partially with a fuel obtained from the starting fuel by endothermic reaction, the heating of the reaction space for the endothermic reaction being effected either by compressed combustion air, which has been heated by the exhaust gases, or by the hot exhaust gas itself.

Abstract: A sealing device for effecting a seal between two relatively movable members, such device being formed from a single strip of springy metal shaped to form a hollow body from which a pair of parallel mounting legs extend. Between the legs is one part of a reinforcing member having a second part which extends into the body and overlies and spans the bottom thereof. Fasteners secure the mounting legs and the reinforcing member to one of the relatively movable members.

Abstract: A process and a device for coating the surface of strip material, especially non-ferrous metal and steel strip, with a metal coating, wherein the material is conducted without reversal of direction through a container holding the molten coating material. The container has a passage duct below the level of the melting bath, in which induction currents are induced by an electromagnetic travelling field and produce, in interaction with the electromagnetic travelling field, an electromagnetic force for restraining the coating material. In order to stabilize the melt in the passage duct as well as in the container, and in order to attain, to a large extent, a counterbalance between hydrostatic and electromagnetic forces, a constant direct or alternating current field is directed opposite to the travelling field in the area near the container, damping the movement in the coating material.

Abstract: A measurement system for determining a gap of a roll pair by scanning the position of the roll body ends on the side facing away from the roll gap. The system includes a lever bar arranged on a carrying structure and carrying a height-adjustable optical scanning device. A position element is arranged to rest on the roll barrel and is located in the optical beam path between a transmitter and a receiver of the scanning device and changes in the position of the position element can be detected by the scanning device. The transmitter, designed on the basis of a laser, and the receiver, designed as a photo receiver, are located in a common housing, into the interior of which gas can be introduced at an overpressure. The position element is attached in a vertically movable fashion via an articulated lever on the housing and consists of a glide plate resting on the roll barrel and a position measurement plate.

Abstract: A device for covering a ship's hatch by a loading chute which can be placed on the edge of the hatch during loading and unloading of a pallet container which is attached to a load suspension apparatus. The loading chute can be automatically opened and closed as a function of the position of the pallet container. The upper opening of the chute can be covered, when the rain-protected pallet container is in the loading shaft or below it, by an umbrella-like shield which is arranged on the load suspension apparatus above the pallet container. A rolling gate in one end position closes the loading opening and after covering of the upper opening of the loading chute by the shield, can be moved into another end position which flees the loading opening. The opening and closing movements of the rolling gate are controlled by contact-less transmitters which detect the position of the pallet container in the chute.