Abstract: A vacuum plant, in particular for secondary metallurgy, having at least one ejector which is in communication with a closed container within which a metallurgical vessel which is to be placed under pressure can be brought. A second ejector is connected in series with the one ejector via an intermediate condenser having a cooling water feed line and a condensate discharge line. A final condenser and a suction pump are connected to the second ejector. A controllable condensate distributor member is provided in the condensate discharge line of the intermediate condenser. One line of the distributing member is connected to a heat exchanger and the other line is connected to the cooling water supply of a final condenser.

Abstract: A cooled converter trunnion ring, which is arranged at a distance from the converter, encompasses the converter and is connected to a coolant supply station. In order to achieve good accessibility of the trunnion ring by simple measures and to ensure reliable cooling of the loaded trunnion ring areas with low energy expenditure, a pipe coil, which runs in a largely meandering fashion and through which a liquid coolant flows, is provided on the inner surface of the inner side member substantially facing the converter of the steel mantle of the converter trunnion ring.

Abstract: A device for guiding away a cold-rolled tube from a cold pilger rolling mill that at least one of intermittently feeds and rotates the tube. The device including a constant-speed driver for drawing the tube from the rolling mill. The driver is arranged downstream of the rolling mill so that there is a buffer zone between the driver and the rolling mill. Additionally, an apparatus is arranged in the buffer zone for diverting the tube out of a roll direction by restrictively guiding the tube so that the tube describes a roughly S-shaped path in the buffer zone whereby cyclically non-uniform rolling speed of the rolling mill is compensated for.

Abstract: A crane, particularly a track-bound mobile crane, having a luffing jib located on a vehicle frame so as to be slewable upward and downward around a horizontal axis and rotatable around a vertical axis. In order to transport long and heavy loads in narrow areas, especially during the construction of bridges or tracks, the luffing jib is supported on at least one swivel bearing located on a vehicle frame end and is slewable upward and downward or liftable by a lifting drive arranged between the ends of the vehicle frame.

Abstract: A platform (1) for the storage or removal of motor vehicles (2) with at least two axles (4) in parking garages is used with multiple-occupancy parking devices having lifting devices (5) for the platforms (1). Openings (12) are provided in the platform base (1a), which openings (12) are covered by diaphragm-like permanently elastic plates (10a) in which indentations (10) are produced by the vehicle wheel (7). The platform is capable of receiving vehicle wheels (7) of various diameters (8) and/or widths (9).

Abstract: The proposal is for a fluid-cooled power transistor arrangement, the semiconductor component (1) of which is arranged on an especially boardlike insulating substrate (9) via a metal electrode (7). The flat side of the semiconductor component (1) away from the insulating substrate (9) and/or the side of the insulating substrate (9) away from the semiconductor component (9) is in direct heat-exchange contact with a forced flow of cooling fluid in a coolant channel (13). Here, the insulating substrate (1) or the semiconductor component (1) may form wall regions of the coolant channel (13). In order to improve the heat transfer, the wall regions to be cooled and in contact with the cooling fluid may have a surface microstructure which reduces the boundary layer thickness of the coolant flow. The improvement in the cooling action reduces the structural space required so that the electrical valves may be fitted in the immediate vicinity of the electric device to be switched.

Abstract: A process and device for removing heavy metals and compounds containing heavy metals from waste gas of a metallurgical vessel which is charged with materials posing disposal problems. The flue gas collecting in the metallurgical vessel is sucked out of the vessel as a main gas flow and cleaned in a gas cleaning system. The flow of cleaned gas is guided to an after-burning device. A portion of the clean flue gas is diverted frown the main gas flow leading to the after-burning device. The diverted flow portion is cooled and guided back to the main flow of flue gas where it is mixed with the flue gas before the main flow of flue gas enters the gas cleaning system.

Abstract: A communication instrument has a housing for containing various electrical or electronic circuits and, on an operator side, a push button paid with predetermined functions being associated with the buttons. To allow the instrument to be made with a narrow form factor, yet remain functional, the keypad includes at least two parallel rows of buttons. The buttons are arranged at the smallest possible distances apart from each other which still permit reliable actuation by depressing of a button. All buttons of one row have their upper button surfaces at a greater height than all of the buttons of another row so that in each case adjacent rows of buttons form a step. A user's finger will then activate only one button of the communication instrument.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for manufacturing a body to be reinforced with a fiber-composite material, especially bottles or containers or metal or plastic for holding a pressurized gaseous medium, in which a plurality of light, high-strength inorganic or organic, non-conductive or conductive as well as non-metallic yarns are wrapped around the body, whereby individual fiber strands or fibers are unwound and are bundled and, prior to being wound on the body, are impregnated with a plastic material. The wrapping of the yarns is carried out with controllable, pre-tensioned yarns. During wrapping, the individual yarns are again impregnated with a polymer melt of thermoplastic and each individual wrapping layer is smoothed and/or cooled by a temperature-controlled roller.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device for the horizontal continuous casting of metals having a holding furnace with a horizontally extending outlet conduit arranged in a side wall of the holding furnace, a graphite mold associated with the outlet conduit, and a cooling structure which encloses the mold and is flanged to a casing of the holding furnace. In order to provide a uniform flow of metal in the inlet region of the mold, a flow restricting structure is arranged inside the outlet conduit of the holding furnace. The restricting member is made of refractory material and defined with an interior surface of the outlet conduit a melt passage. The restricting structure is dimensioned such that the cross-sectional profile or area of the melt passage is smaller than the cross-sectional surface of the mold cavity.

Abstract: A crane for raising and lowering a load, which crane includes a vehicle frame with end areas and a slewing device arranged on the vehicle frame. The slewing device includes at least two basic slewing columns slewable by 360.degree., mounted on the vehicle frame in the vehicle frame end areas. Additionally, a separate articulated slewing arm having at least two elements is located on each basic slewing column.

Abstract: A process and device for machining bars, tubes or tube blanks, especially strand-cast copper blanks, in which the work piece to be machined--supported in the cross-plane of the metal-cutting device is cut on its periphery and along its length, while the die and the work piece are continually moved relative to one another in the longitudinal direction of the work piece. At least one die rotates concentrically around the work piece, which is held in a rotation-proof manner, on a plane inclined toward the longitudinal axis of the work piece and with its cutters simultaneously machines two areas of the work piece surface that are located opposite to one another.

Abstract: A method of producing electrical energy from rotary motion of an axle of a vehicle utilizes a generator assembly including a generator coupled to the axle. The method includes determining the rate of rotation of the axle, carrying out the electrical energy production as well as the determination of the rate of rotation exclusively through the generator, and evaluating pulse parameters of each induced electrical voltage pattern for the determination of the rate of rotation. The generator assembly includes a rotor coupled to the axle and permanent magnets mounted on the rotor distributed over the circumference thereof. The permanent magnets have radially extending polar axes. A stator includes induction coils mounted coaxially around the circumference of the rotor. An air gap is defined between the stator and the rotor.

Abstract: A device for changing the rolling mandrels of a plug mill. The device including the following arrangement of stations in series. An entry station for feeding the rolling mandrels into the feeding channel of the plug mill, a run-out station for the used rolling mandrels after rolling, and a transfer device for guiding the mandrels into a cooling station. The cooling station undertakes controlled cooling of the rolling mandrels, preferably by a water/air mixture. At the same time, devices remove the scale by joint application of water and mechanical aids. Finally, a drying station dries the cooling water from the surface of the rolling mandrels.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for electrolytically treating a surface, as for pickling, cleaning and/or degreasing a high-speed continuous metal strip. The strip to be treated is passed through a container holding an electrolyte and including strip electrodes disposed in confrontingly-spaced relation above and below the movement path of the strip. The electrodes are arranged along the movement path in serial adjacency so that each electrode is disposed immediately adjacent to an opposite polarity electrode along the path. Electrolyte is applied to the strip by a number of nozzle pairs, each pair being associated with and arranged on opposite sides of a respective electrode and acting on a region of the strip confrontingly opposite that electrode so as to prevent the electrolyte from entering gap regions defined between adjacent electrodes. This arrangement avoids short circuits through the electrolyte between adjacent, opposite charge electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention is a switch actuating unit having at least one electrical or electromechanical limiting position switch, actuatable by a mechanical sensing device. This unit structurally combines the mechanical sensing device and the electrical switches such that the switches are activated in at least two limiting positions by a common actuating plunger. The plunger extends from either side of the unit and actuates the switches upon engagement with a stop or flange plate defining each of the limit positions. Furthermore, the sensing device and switches are structurally combined so as to be moveable together.

Abstract: A process for changing the speed of a vehicle with driving wheels and with a continuously adjustable speed/torque characteristic in the drive train, in particular a vehicle with electric motor drive, corresponding to a change in the position .alpha.(t) of an accelerator pedal carried out by the driver of the vehicle, in which every position .alpha.(t) of the accelerator pedal is associated with a determined drive output P.sub.v (.alpha.)=f.sub.1 (.alpha.).times.P.sub.max (where P.sub.max =maximum drive output of the vehicle) and/or driving torque M.sub.v (.alpha.)=f.sub.1 (.alpha.).times.M.sub.max (where M.sub.max =maximum driving torque of the vehicle) which is desired in the sense of a predetermined value and acts on the vehicle. To provide a process and a device for implementing the process permitting the driver to change the actual speed of the vehicle to a different desired value in the most uncomplicated and reliable manner, the predetermined value P.sub.v (t) and/or M.sub.

Abstract: A hydraulic system having a high-pressure differential cylinder implemented as a servo actuator is hydraulically connected to a valve combination and an electro-hydraulic servo valve. The valve combination is a multi-functional valve including multiple interengaging valves and correcting elements all disposed within a housing. The valves and correcting elements are positioned and engaged along a functional axis of the multi-functional valve. This combination of valves provides for a single lightweight housing for the valve. The multi-functional valve is hydraulically connected via conduits with the servo valve and the differential cylinder. This device allows for the use of a single valve arrangement for controlling the numerous operating modes of the differential cylinder or servo actuator.

Abstract: A high-temperature steel for boiler making having improved creep strength and low tendency to hardening in welded condition, having the following melt analysis (wt. %):C 0.050 to 0.100%Si 0.15 to 0.45%Mn 0.30 to 0.70%P .ltoreq.0.020%S .ltoreq.0.010%Al .ltoreq.0.020%Cr 2.20 to 2.60%Mo 0.90 to 1.10%V 0.20 to 0.30%Ti 0.05 to 0.10%B 0.0015 to 0.0070%N .ltoreq.0.01%The balance of the steel is comprised of iron and ordinary impurities. The steel is annealed for a period of about 30 to about 60 minutes at about 980.degree. C. to about 1040.degree. C., thereupon cooled in air, and then tempered for at least one hour at about 730.degree. C. to about 760.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a device for blowing oxygen over a metal melt under a vacuum. The oxygen is to be applied over a large surface with a large intermediate phase area while avoiding overcooling in the metal bath by simple, easily maintained structural means. The flow of oxygen in the lance is accelerated and compressed into plug-shaped oxygen pulses, which leave the lance in succession and which form an oxygen bell over the vacuum above the metal melt, having an oxygen casing and an oxygen core, the core moving at a speed similar to that of the casing. At the base of the wall 41 of the blowing lance 40 there is an annular nozzle 42. At a distance behind the annular nozzle 42 in the direction of flow of the oxygen there is a blind tube 44 forming a fan-shaped compartment 43. Between the bottom 46 of the blind tube 44 and the head of the blowing lance 40 there is a pre-nozzle chamber 48 and in the head of the blowing lance 40 there is at least one base nozzle 50 directed toward the melt.