Abstract: In a drive arrangement of a motor vehicle in which the wheels of the motor vehicle are driven by separate electric motors and the electric motors are powered via a d.c. voltage intermediate circuit by a generator arrangement driven by an internal combustion engine, the speed of the internal combustion engine and individual wheels is sensed by speed sensing circuits which respond to pulse signals of commutator circuits of the generator arrangement and electric motors. The commutator circuits generate the pulse signals depending on position transmitters which are arranged at the generator arrangement and at the electric motors. In this way, the speeds can be sensed with great accuracy exclusively on the basis of already existing components of the drive arrangement. In particular, the speed sensing means cooperate with an antilock braking system (ABS) and a drive slip regulating system (ASR).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for coating elongated metallic matal, particularly strip or wire, with multiple layers by applying different layers of metallic coating materials while the material to be coated travels continuously through an installation having a plurality of dip baths of molten coating materials which are arranged one after the other.In order to produce new corrosion-resistant coatings with improved properties and improved surfaces, the invention provides that the elongated metallic material is guided in a straight line through the installation so as to be regulated in temperature via the adjustable bath temperatures of the different molten coating materials. The device used for this purpose is characterized by a plurality of treatment tanks (4a, 4b) arranged in series and having through-ducts (12) for the elongated metallic material (B) below the surface (h) of the dip bath, the through-ducts (12) being closed by magnetohydrodynamic seals (13).

Abstract: A hoist, including: load suspension device, a lifting means for raising and lowering the load suspension device; a traction mechanism connecting the suspension device with the lifting device; and a control device for the lifting device and the load suspension device. The control device is connected with the load suspension device and including a housing, a handle for manipulating the load suspension means, switching members arranged in the housing which are actuable for controlling the lifting device, and switching rockers arranged in the housing so as to be able to actuate the switching members. The switching rockers are each inclined toward the handle and are swivable around and connected to one end of a rocker shaft extending horizontally when the control device is considered as vertically suspended from the traction mechanism.

Abstract: A process for reducing the carbonization of the heat exchange surfaces in a tubular heat exchanger of boiler steel which, in particular, within a unit for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons to alkenes and while producing steam, carries out the rapid cooling of the cracking products after they leave the cracking furnace. After the tubular heat exchanger is cleaned and before it is returned to service, the sides of the heat exchange surfaces which come into contact with the cracking products are treated under reducing conditions until the greatest possible reduction of the Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 on the surface to Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 has taken place, without submicron Fe powder being formed.

Abstract: A process and melting furnace unit are provided for extracting valuable substances by reducing oxygen-bound metals which process includes exposing a charge in a first reaction zone of a furnace vessel to heat energy so that a liquid slag floats on a metal melting bath, feeding the metal bath to a second reaction zone of the furnace vessel where the slag comes intimately into contact with a reducing agent, and feeding additional heat energy to the melt in the second reaction zone to prevent hardening.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process and apparatus for preheating and transferring scrap into smelting furnaces for steelmaking or the like. The scrap is preheated by energy contained in the waste gases from the smelting furnace, which energy comprises sensible heat and chemically bonded heat in the combustible portions of the waste gases. The furnace-waste gases are guided to a waste-gas combustion chamber incorporated in a waste-gas outlet line and are burned therein with air to generate hot combustion gases which are fed to the scrap in the receptacles at a preheating station and then sucked out via an exhaust fan. After the scrap reaches the desired temperature, the receptacle containing the preheated scrap is removed from the preheating station so that the preheated scrap may be transferred to the smelting furnace. During this receptacle changeover process, the hot combustion gases are rerouted to another scrap-filled receptacle at the preheating station using a pipeline arrangement.

Abstract: A process for operating a double furnace installation having two arc furnaces connected via a line, a power supply, a device for charging material, and an arrangement for extraction and purification of gas. The process including the step of connecting a first one of the two furnaces with the power supply for melting a charge located therein, completely cutting off a second one of the furnaces from the power supply. The second furnace is then charged with charging material and is closed with a cover. Flue gas located in the closed second furnace is sucked out above the burden column and flue gas is sucked out of the first furnace above the surface of the melted charge through the second furnace via the connection line provided between the two furnaces. A flue gas connection of the first furnace to the gas purification arrangement is interrupted while the flue gas is being sucked out of the second furnace while feed air is simultaneously taken on in the region of a cover of the first furnace.

Abstract: An air-cooled vane-cell compressor is provided which has a housing, a bore hole therethrough and an outer surface. Cooling air fins are arranged on the housing surface in a longitudinal direction of the housing. A rotor which has two free shaft ends is arranged within the housing eccentric to the housing bore. Covers are arranged on front faces of the housing and the rotor shaft ends are rotatably supported in the covers. A suction flange and an ejection flange are arranged in the housing at 90.degree. to the covers and along a common longitudinal axis. The rotor has a rotational axis that is symmetrically arranged to the outer contour of the housing and to the flanges, and the housing bore is doubly eccentric to the rotational axis of the rotor in a top dead center direction.

Abstract: A single-stage vane compressor is provided which includes a casing that has a bore hole running from one end to another end, an outer contour, a water-cooled jacket, a rotor eccentrically arranged in the casing borehole and a rotational axis symmetric with the outer contour of the casing. The rotor has a top dead center position and a bottom dead center position, and the bore hole is arranged in the casing so as to be eccentric to the rotor axis toward the top dead center. A suction flange and an ejection flange are arranged opposite one another in the casing jacket along a common axis normal to the rotor axis, which common axis forms an axis of symmetry with the outer contour of the casing. Two axially parallel walls are arranged in the jacket in a vertical plane of symmetry so as to divide the cooling jacket relative to a suction side and an ejection side. Additionally, two water-cooled covers are provided, one of the covers being arranged on each end of the casing so as to cover the bore hole.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for applying afterpressure on injection molding compounds, particularly PET compounds in an injection molding machine including an injection mold and a screw connected to the injection mold through supply ducts. The injection molding material is conducted to the mold cavity by the screw in order to fill the injection mold. After the filling procedure has been concluded, the material flow is cutoff in the vicinity of the screw opening. During the phase of material shrinkage, the loss of volume is compensated by additionally conveying material present in the supply duct between the screw and the mold cavity. After cooling of the injection molding material, the continuous material flow of injection molding material into the mold cavity is separated from the material flow in the supply duct.

Abstract: A device for the alternate winding-up and unwinding of strip-shaped material, particularly strand-cast thin slabs in furnace pairs, consisting of two furnaces that are located one above the other and have horizontal winding axles, in which the furnaces can be swung from a winding-up position in an unwinding position and the winding-up and unwinding take place at different speeds. To permit winding-up in one of the two furnaces and unwinding in the other furnace to occur simultaneously and in different directions, each furnace of a furnace pair is pivotable around a vertical axis independent of the other furnace.

Abstract: A steelworks apparatus includes a closed tiltable arc furnace for melting scrap and having a lower vessel part for containing the melt and an upper vessel part connected to an exhaust gas assembly and closed by a furnace roof. A sealable charging assembly is formed of at least two stack-like storage containers which are connected at their top ends to the exhaust assembly and which include gas-permeable, scrap-retaining flaps that are movable between open and closed positions at the bottom end of each respective storage container. A compensation component is located connectingly between the storage containers and the lower furnace vessel part for accommodating relative movements of and between the furnace and storage containers while gas-tightly preventing leakage or escape of gases from between the relatively moved or shifted structures during or as a result of operative tilting of the furnace.

Abstract: A choke-bypass system is arranged upstream of the gas analyzer so as to generate a constant input pressure at the gas analyzer. The measurement range of the gas analyzer can be expanded considerably beyond the standard range while maintaining accuracy of measurement when the measurement gas is diluted with an inert gas above a given gas concentration threshold in such a way that the gas concentration in the gas analyzer remains constant. To this end, a dilution gas line (12) with a control valve (13) for continuous dilution of the measurement gas with the inert gas is connected to the choke-bypass system (1), (2), (3), (6).

Abstract: A method of producing electrical energy from rotary motion of an axle of a vehicle utilizes a generator assembly including a generator coupled to the axle. The method includes determining the rate of rotation of the axle, carrying out the electrical energy production as well as the determination of the rate of rotation exclusively through the generator, and evaluating pulse parameters of each induced electrical voltage pattern for the determination of the rate of rotation. The generator assembly includes a rotor coupled to the axle and permanent magnets mounted on the rotor distributed over the circumference thereof. The permanent magnets have radially extending polar axes. A stator includes induction coils mounted coaxially around the circumference of the rotor. An air gap is defined between the stator and the rotor.

Abstract: A process is provided for the treatment of waste gases, dust and vapor from a closed arc furnace disposed in a furnace vessel. The furnace vessel contains a charge column, a metal melt and slag arranged in the lower portion of that vessel. The charge column, the metal melt and the slag are smelted in the furnace vessel. The gases, dust and vapors are guided in a direction opposite to the natural flow through the charge column in the furnace during the smelting. The gases, dust and vapor are then brought into contact with the melt and the slag after leaving the charge column. The gases, dust and vapors are then removed from the arc furnace in a region between the upper and lower portions of the vessel.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for the selective determination of an isotope portion of a measuring gas by means of non-dispersive spectroscopy. The method includes sensitizing in a first ray path to the isotope component and sensitizing in a second ray path to the isotope-pure measuring gas, and electronically amplifying the measurement results. In order to improve the selectively and the sensitivity while maintaining a simple construction, an additional optical filtering is carried out in the first ray path by a filter filled essentially with isotope-pure measuring gas and the electronic measuring value of the second ray path is entered by influencing the amplification factor and an offset in the electronic amplification of the first ray path.

Abstract: A fluid conduit connection includes in combination a cast or molded connecting member; a connecting socket affixed to the connecting member and comprising a standarized sheet metal press fitting having one end thereof attached to the connecting member and comprising a substantially cylindrically portion and, at the other end thereof, an annular groove for housing a sealing member. The press fitting is dimensioned for receiving a substantially cylindrical conduit to be inserted therein and for non-releasably crimping the fitting around the conduit.

Abstract: A device for producing metallic bodies by spray coating with an atomized molten metal. The device has a housing at least partially enclosing a crucible, an atomizing device and a material discharge unit, and has through-openings for the workpiece holding device and for the workpiece, which through-openings are provided with seals. In order to ensure a reliable closure of the through-opening for the workpiece holder and workpiece in a simple construction, the rings (23) are supported so as to be rotatable in the through-openings (16, 17) of the housing (11) via bearings (24), at least two pierced disks (21, 22) are provided at each ring (23) and are arranged so as to be parallel and at a distance from one another, and a suction device (30) is connected with a space (33) between the pierced disks (21, 22) for producing a vacuum.

Abstract: A process for removing undesirable constituents from a gas, including providing an immovable, non-combustible woven adsorbate element, passing a flow of the gas through the element so that the gas is sharply deflected in the element and so that the constituents are adsorptively added to the element, interrupting the gas flow when the element reaches a maximum load of adsorbed constituents, directly heating the element while the gas flow is interrupted, by applying an electric voltage, to a process temperature of at 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for smelting reduction of ores or pre-reduced metal carriers in the form of an emulsion composed of slag, liquid metal and floating coke particles which pass from a smelting reduction reactor to a separate settling tank through a connection conduit. At least one lance is provided for blowing a "hard" stream of oxygen into the settling tank while a second lance is provided for blowing a relatively "soft" stream of oxygen into the settling tank. The relatively softly blown stream of oxygen sufficiently increases the volume of gas in the settling tank beyond that resulting from the hard oxygen stream alone so as to drive back coke particles floating on the emulsion from the settling tank to the smelting reduction reactor through the connection conduit.