Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of solid in conductor materials based on the following formula:A.sub.3u+2v+w XuYuZwwherein A is lithium or sodium, X is nitrogen, phosphorus or arsenic, Y is nitrogen, sulphur, tellurium or selenium, Z is hydrogen or a halogen, and u, v, and w each represent a number from 0 to 1 inclusive, with the proviso that only one of u, v, and w can assume the value of 0.

Abstract: A ceramic body of zirconium dioxide containing, if desired, aluminum oxide, and partially stabilized with yttrium oxide and/or one or more rare earth oxides (e.g., cerium dioxide) and/or magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide is partially stabilized with 0.5 to 5 mole-% of yttrium oxide and/or 5 to 12 mole-% of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide and/or cerium dioxide or one or more rare earth oxides, is 30 to 100% in the tetragonal lattice modification and has in the surface region a content of yttrium oxide, cerium dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or rare earth oxide that is 1 to 20 mole-% higher than the average content, such that the body is coated with a thin, PSZ-like layer in a more highly stabilized tetragonal or with a layer that is predominantly in the cubic lattice form.

Abstract: A method for converting a retrograde substance from a liquid to a gaseous state comprising bringing the substance to a defined initial state of pressure and volume, and relaxing to a defined final state. The defined states correspond to regions on the pressure-volume diagram of the substance, the initial state lying to the lower volume side of a boundary defined by the branch of the critical isentrope lying to the greater pressure side of the critical point, and by the stability limit of the substance. The final state lies to the greater volume side of this boundary.

Abstract: The invention relates to new chemokinesins and chemotaxins of leukocytes and inflamed tissue which have the biological and physico-chemical properties stated in the patent claims. The compounds selectively influence the motility of leukocytes or selectively attract leukocytes. The invention also relates to a biotechnical process for preparing and isolating the chemokinesins and chemotaxins and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The pulse duration of an iodine laser is adjusted between 400 ps and 20 ns primarily by changing the resonator length in the range of about 2 cm to about 100 cm and secondarily by the ratio of excitation energy to threshold energy of the laser. Iodine laser pulses without pre-pulse and substructure are achieved in that the gas pressure of the laser gas of the iodine laser is adapted to the resonator length in order to limit the band width of the amplification and thus the band width of the pulse to be produced. The longer are the laser pulses to be produced the lower is the pressure chosen. A prerequisite for the above results is that the excitation of the iodine laser occurs extremely rapidly. This is advantageously achieved by photo-dissociation of a perfluoroalkyl iodide as CF.sub.3 I by means of laser providing sufficiently short output pumping pulses, e.g. an excimer laser, as a KrF laser or XeCl laser or a frequency-multiplied Nd-glass or Nd-YAG laser, or a N.sub.2 laser (in combination with t-C.sub.

Abstract: A galvanic cell is described, having a metal oxide or metal sulfide electe and a metal electrode, and between them an electrolyte or separator, which is characterized by the fact that it contains as electrolyte a solid proton conductor, namely a zeolite having a proton-containing cation, which has in its crystal lattice passages a phase promoting proton transport.

Abstract: The invention relates to new chemorecruitins of leukocytes and inflamed tissue which have the biological and physicochemical properties stated in the patent claims. The compounds selectively induce a leukocytosis reaction and/or a leftward shift reaction in vivo. The invention also relates to a biotechnical process for preparing and isolating the chemorecruitins and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The invention relates to new mitogens of leukocytes and inflamed tissue which have the biological and physicochemical properties stated in the claims. The compounds selectively induce the division and differentiation of leukocytes and their precursors in the bone marrow. The invention also relates to a biotechnical process for preparing and isolating the mitogens and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: A precision circuit for measuring electrical currents, of the order of only a few pico-amperes, in the individual ionic channels of biological membranes, comprising a pipette engaging a membrane and having an internal electrode connected to a current-to-voltage converter; the converter output is integrated and fed back to a reference potential source for the converter to control that reference potential so that the average pipette electrode is maintained at zero over a predetermined time interval. In the preferred construction the time constant of the feedback integrator is adjustable between a "slow" value and a "fast" value; at the "slow" setting the long-term average of the pipette current is forced to be zero, whereas at the "fast" setting it is possible to measure the potential at the pipette tip at zero current.

Abstract: Peptides having the carboxyl terminated sequence of the pancreozymin-cholstokinin 25-33 modified such that the amino acid group 25 carries a strongly basic group, the amino acid group 28 exhibits a hydrophilic character similar to that of the hydroxyamino acids and the amino acid group 31 exhibits a strongly hydrophobic character similar to that of amino acids with aliphatic side chains, and in particular nonapeptides having the sequence H--X--Asp--Tyr(SO.sub.3 H)--Y--Gly--Trp--Z--Asp--Phe--NH.sub.2 wherein X is arginine, homoarginine, norarginine, N.sub..epsilon.,N.sub..epsilon. -dialkyllysine, N.sub..delta. or N.sub..delta. -dialkyl-ornithine, Y is threonine, serine or hydroxy-proline and Z is norleucine, leucine, norvaline or .alpha.-amino-butyric acid, possess pronounced pancreozymin activity and can be employed in pharmaceutical preparations for controlling the function of the gall bladder and for controlling the enzyme secretion of the pancreas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing and obtaining anaphylatoxin- and cocytotaxin-containing leucotaxine preparations and anaphylatoxin and cocytotaxin proteins in molecularly homogeneous, biologically active form from contact-activated mammalian serum by the following steps:separation of the proteins from other serum constituents to obtain a serum protein concentrate fraction,separation of a part of accompanying foreign blood proteins from anaphylatoxin and cocytotaxin present in the said protein concentrate fraction,isolation of the leucotaxine preparation by chromatography on hydroxyapatite,and optionally further purification and/or separation of the leucotaxine preparation into anaphylatoxin and cocytotaxin proteins by chromatographical methods.

Abstract: Solid proton conductors are described, which are based on zeolites having oton-containing cations and having six-member and larger rings as secondary structural groups of the zeolitic structure, and in whose crystal lattice passages a phase is present which promotes proton transport. Their use as separator material and electrolyte for electrochemical cells is also described.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for removing tritium from a gas mixture containing trace amounts of tritium as contamination are provided. The gas mixture is passed through a hydrogenating material of unsaturated carboxylic acid to remove the contaminating tritium by a hydrogenation reaction.

Abstract: Ultra-short individual laser pulses, having a half-amplitude duration of 100 picoseconds or less and a recurrence frequency of one Hz to one mHz are generated in a self Q-switching distributed feedback dye laser that employs a high density diffraction grating as a beam divider, dividing a primary beam from a pulsed pump laser into two excitation beams of +1 and -1 order; the excitation beams are directed, by two reversing mirrors, to impinge upon a focal line in a dye solution serving as an active laser medium. The pulses of the primary beam have a half-amplitude duration many times greater than 100 psec but no greater than 20 nsec, and the beam intensity is such that the stimulation of the dye does not exceed its laser threshold by more than 20%.

Abstract: An extension of the noncollinear second harmonic generation technique for lse autocorrelation measurements is described. A diffraction-grating is used to produce a tailored, expanded beam, with a differential time delay along its expanded axis. When this beam is combined with an inverted replica of itself at the frequency-doubling crystal, the monitored spatial profile of the generated second harmonic beam gives directly the duration of the incident laser pulse. A time resolution of better than 1 picosecond (ps) is obtained at 500 nanometers (nm), and a total measurement range of .about.80 ps. The optical system here described enables the extension of the measurement range in a simple manner.

Abstract: For solid state bonding, the faces of ceramic and metal parts to be bonded re placed together, acted upon by a gage pressure if desired, and are heated to a bonding temperature which is under their melting temperatures so that an inbetween or intermediate layer is formed between the two parts. For increasing the bond strength the metal used is one undergoing a phase transition on cooling down from the bonding temperature, the phase in existence at the bonding temperature having a smaller volume than the phase stable at room temperature, so that the decrease in the volume of the metal as dependent on the coefficient of thermal expansion is balanced at least to some degree by the volume change on phase transition.

Abstract: The Thymosin alpha 1 fragment compound Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn-OH.

Abstract: The invention describes a means for separating isotopes of hydrogen which is based on the principle of gas chromatography and is suitable for separating large amounts of hydrogen as is necessary for fusion experiments. The substantially higher throughput in comparison to that of other analysis devices based on gas chromatography is rendered feasible by the fact that the packings of the separation columns and the collectors for absorbing the separate species contain inert additives which ensure even distribution of the gas flow.

Abstract: Polypeptides of the sequence Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile--Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys- Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn, wherein at least one of the amino acids 10,15,21,25 and/or 28 is present as amide or alkyl amide, and/or amino acid 1 bears an acyl group other than acetyl, having up to 6 carbon atoms, especially an acyl glycine residue. In addition, certain thymosin fragments I to VII are provided and process for producing the substituted thymosin alpha.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for measuring the concentration of gases in a sample includes the generation of a monochromatic light beam having predetermined color characteristic. An indicator generates light signals indicative of the concentration of the gases in a sample to be measured and includes a light-transmissive surface positioned to be impinged by the monochromatic light beam, a diffusion membrane adapted to be placed in the proximity of a sample and being permeable to a selected gas component thereof, and an indicating substance positioned to be impinged by the monochromatic light beam penetrating the light-transmissive surface and by the gas component penetrating the diffusion membrane. The indicating substance reacts when illuminated by the incident monochromatic light by emitting a resultant light beam having an emitted component which has a color characteristic different from the predetermined color characteristic of the monochromatic light beam.