Abstract: The invention relates to chiral compounds of formula (I) wherein Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, X1, X2, X3 and X4 have the meaning given in claim 1, to liquid crystalline mixtures comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I), to chiral linear or crosslinked liquid crystalline polymers obtainable by polymerizing a polymerizable mixture comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I), to the use of chiral compounds of formula (I) and mixtures and polymers obtained thereof in liquid crystal displays, active and passive optical elements, adhesives, synthetic resins with anisotropic mechanical properties, cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, diagnostics, liquid crystal pigments, for decorative and security applications, nonlinear optics, optical information storage or as chiral dopants, and to a liquid crystal display comprising a mixture comprising at least one chiral compound of formula (I)

Abstract: Liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more compounds of the formula I in which Ra, Rb, L and r are as defined herein, are suitable for use in, for example, TN and STN liquid crystal displays

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions containing ascorbic acid with an increased bioavailability of this vitamin. These compositions are useful as food supplements possessing preventive properties against damages of human organs, including skin, tissues and cells due to oxidative stress or damages.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to liquid crystal displays of the flexoelectric type operating in the uniformly lying helix mode and in particular to the orientation of the cholesteric liquid crystalline media, which have a short pitch, in these displays by making the system non-symmetric. The media comprise a bimesogenic component, component A and a chiral component, component B. The display comprises one substrate on which the liquid crystal is oriented homogeneously and preferably a second substrate on which the liquid crystal is oriented homeotropically.

Abstract: ERK-7 polypeptides and polynucleotides and methods for producing such polypeptides by recombinant techniques are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for utilizing ERK-7 polypeptides and polynucleotides in diagnostic assays.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising a mixture of at least two compounds of the general formula (I) R1-Am-Bn-Z1-C-Z2-D-R2??(I) in which R1 is H, an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 15 carbon atoms, respectively, which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted by CN or CF3 or at least monosubstituted by halogen, where one or more CH2 groups in these radicals may also, in each case independently of one another, be replaced by —O—, —S—, ?—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO— or —O—CO—O— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another; A, B, C and D are each, independently of one another, in which Y, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5 and Y6 are each, independently of one another, H or F; C is, in addition to the abovementioned meanings, Z1 and Z2 are each, independently of one another, a single bond, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —CH2—CH2—, —CH?CH—, —C?C—, —CF2—CF2—, 13 CF2O—, —OCF2— or —CO—O—; R2 is, in addition to the abovementioned meanings of R1, F, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH2CF

Abstract: An inhaler for dispensing medicament in the form of a dry powder is powder is provided with an airway (50) through which a dose travels from an ejection zone to an outlet of the airway. The airway (50) has an inlet means which is so arranged as to create a jacket of air, flowing through a part of the airway extending from the ejection zone to the outlet. The jacket of air surrounds said dose and thereby prevents it form impinging on the airway walls. This reduces accumulation of material on the airway walls, and thus improves the consistency of performance of the inhaler. Preferably, the inlet means includes a throat for producing a stream of fast flowing air which creates a zone of low pressure in front of the ejection zone, thereby to facilitate ejection of a dose.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, which medium exhibits a birefringence value of ?0.065 and includes one or more compounds of formula Ia and at least one compound of the formula Xc or Xd: in which R, alkyl, alkenyl and alkenyl* are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a birefringent marking comprising a liquid crystal material. The invention further relates to method of providing such a birefringent marking and to the use of the birefringent marking for decorative or security applications.

Abstract: Wnt-8D polypeptides and polynucleotides and methods for producing such polypeptides by recombinant techniques are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for utilizing Wnt-8D polypeptides and polynucleotides in diagnostic assays.

Abstract: Liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one compound of the formula I in which X, L1, L2 and L3 are as defined herein, are useful for use in electro-optical displays.

Abstract: Human GABA transporter2 like protein polypeptides and polynucleotides and methods for producing such polypeptides by recombinant techniques are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for utilizing human GABA transporter2 like protein polypeptides and polynucleotides in diagnostic assays.

Abstract: Conjugated mono-, oligo- and polyazulenes are suitable for use as semiconductors or charge transport materials in optical, electrooptical or electronic devices including field effect transistors, electroluminescent, photovoltaic and sensor devices, and as field effect transistors and semi-conducting components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vapour-deposition material for the production of optical layers of high refractive index which comprises titanium oxide and gadolinium oxide and/or dysprosium oxide, to a process for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, R3, X and Y have the meaning indicated in Patent claim 1, are inhibitors ocoagulation factor Xa and can be employed for the prophylaxis and/or therapy of thromboembolic diseases and for the treatment of tumours.

Abstract: A method of treating tumors, such as prostate tumors, breast tumors, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and the like, includes the sequential steps of administering to the patient at least one dose of an antiangiogenic cyclo-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-containing pentapeptide (cRGD pentapeptide); administering to the patient an anti-tumor effective amount of a radioimmunotherapeutic agent (RIT); and then administering to the patient at least one additional dose of cRGD pentapeptide. The cRGD pentapeptide is preferably cyclo-(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-[N-Me]-Val), and the RIT is preferably a radionuclide-labeled chelating agent-ligand complex in which chelating agent is chemically bonded to a tumor-targeting molecule, such as a monoclonal antibody.

Abstract: The invention relates to CF2O-bridged cyclohexane derivatives, in particular compounds of formula (I), R1-(-A1-Z1-)k1-Q-CF2O-A2-(-Z3-A3-)K3-R2, wherein Q represents group (a); W1, W2 represent —CH2— and/or —O— independendy from each other, X1, X2, X3, X4 represent H, F, —CH3—CH2F—CH2F and/or —CF3 independently from each other, provided that at least one substituent X1, X2, X3 and/or X4 does not represent H, Z2 represents a simple bond, —CH2—CH2— or —CF2—CF2—, m represents 0 or 1 and R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, Z1, Z3, k1 and k3 have the meaning cited in the description. The invention further relates to liquid crystal substances such as optical and electro-optical display elements.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing an organic field effect device is provided comprising the steps of (a) depositing from a solution an organic semiconductor layer; and (b) depositing from a solution a layer of low permittivity insulating material forming at least a part of a gate insulator, such that the low permittivity insulating material is in contact with the organic semiconductor layer, wherein the low permittivity insulating material is of relative permittivity from 1.1 to below 3.0. In addition, an organic field effect device manufactured by the process is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I in which R, A1, Z1, Y and L are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: Compounds of the general formula (I) where: R1, R2 are each independently a) H b) -M1-A1-R5 c) a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms or a straight-chain or branched alkenyl radical having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms, where c1) one or more nonadjacent and nonterminal CH2 groups may be replaced by —O—, —C(?O)O—, —O—C(?O)—, —O—C(?O)—O—, —C(?O)— or —Si(CH3)2—, and/or c2) one CH2 group may be replaced by —C?C—, cyclopropane-1,2-diyl, cyclobutane-1,3-diyl, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl or phenylene-1,4-diyl, and/or c3) one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by F and/or Cl, p, q are each independently 0 or 1 G1-G2 is —CH2CH—, —CH?C—, —CH2CH2CH— or —CH?CH—CH— M1 is —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —CH2—O—, —O—CH2—, —CF2—O—, —O—CF2—, —CH?CH—, —CF?CF—, —C?C—, —CH2—CH2—CO—O—, —O—CO—CH2—CH2—, —CH2—CH2—, —CF2—CF2—, —(CH2)4—, —OC(?O)CF?CF— or a single bond, A1 is 1,4-phenylene where one or two hydrogen atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, CN and/or OCF3, or up to three hydrogen atoms may be replaced by