Abstract: The present invention provides a numerically controlled machine tool and a program transforming method therefor where a NC program is transformed into an optimum program even by a non-expert programmer. Particularly, the present invention provides a method for optimizing a NC program for operating a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising: making the NC program to be loaded into the numerically controlled machine tool; designating a portion of the NC program to be determined whether it is transformable and/or a portion of the NC program to be determined whether a command position is changeable; storing the NC program in a memory; determining whether the designated portion is transformable and/or whether the designated command position is changeable; and transforming the designated portion and/or changing the designated command position, and making an operating program file for the numerically controlled machine tool.

Abstract: In a force cutting type paper cutter for cutting paper while a pair of right and left edges having a V shape of a movable blade are intersected and brought into pressure contact with a linear edge of a fixed blade, a pair of right and left elastic pieces for inclining the edges are provided by forming a lateral slit and a division slit in the movable blade. These elastic pieces are held in a state of inclining to the side of the fixed blade in a state in which the edges overlap with each other and in a cutting stroke, a state in which the edges of the movable blade always make point contact with the edge of the fixed blade is obtained and uneven abutment is prevented.

Abstract: An insert earphone which prevents a sound leakage and improves wearing comfort. An ear chip has a barrel portion and first and second annular flange portions having the shape of a parabola spreading from the top toward the middle and from the middle toward the base of the barrel portion respectively. The first annular flange portion has a smaller outer diameter than the second annular flange portion. The first annular flange portion has almost even thickness from the inner circumference to the outer circumference, and has the inner circumference neighborhood substantially formed in the shape of a sliced doughnut.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high speed datapaths, sometimes including mixed digital and analog voltage signals. In particular, it relates to error checking strategies for large data volumes, in digital and/or analog domains and to analog signal patterns that accelerate charge loading of micromirrors in an SLM. Particular aspects of the present invention are described in the claims, specification and drawings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a pattern on a radiation sensitive material comprising a source to form a radiation beam, a scanning element to scan at least one beam from said radiation source over said radiation sensitive material, a modulator to modulate said at least one beam during scanning according to an input pattern data file, where said modulation of the beam creates a coherent sub-image on the workpiece and several sub-images are non-coherently superposed to create a final image. The invention also relates to a method of patterning a workpiece and a workpiece as such.

Abstract: To provide an electret capacitor microphone in which change of sensitivity characteristic caused by thermal deformation of an electret layer can be prevented even in the case where a reflow process is carried out. An electret capacitor microphone includes: an electret capacitor portion including a diaphragm, and a back electrode plate disposed opposite to the diaphragm through a spacer; an electrically insulating bush for electrically insulating/supporting an outer circumferential edge portion of the back electrode plate; a metal cover in which the electret capacitor portion and the electrically insulating bush are stored; and a gate spring having a pressing function for elastically pressing the back electrode plate toward the diaphragm to form a predetermined gap between the electrically insulating bush and an inner surface of a rear wall of the metal cover. Consequently, collapse of a spacer-abutting portion of an electret layer is prevented from being caused by thermal expansion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a numerically controlled machine tool and a program transforming method therefor where a NC program is transformed into an optimum program even by a non-expert programmer. Particularly, the present invention provides a method for optimizing a NC program for operating a numerically controlled machine tool, comprising: making the NC program to be loaded into the numerically controlled machine tool; designating a portion of the NC program to be determined whether it is transformable and/or a portion of the NC program to be determined whether a command position is changeable; storing the NC program in a memory; determining whether the designated portion is transformable and/or whether the designated command position is changeable; and transforming the designated portion and/or changing the designated command position, and making an operating program file for the numerically controlled machine tool.

Abstract: An electromagnetic electroacoustic transducer, includes: a diaphragm; a magnet; an electromagnetic coil; and a casing for storing the diaphragm, the magnet and the electromagnetic coil therein. The case has at least one first sound emitting hole through which a front space on a front surface of the diaphragm in the casing communicates with a front outer space in front of the casing and at least one second sound emitting hole through which a rear space on a rear surface of the diaphragm in the casing communicates with the front outer space in front of the casing. A resonant frequency Fv2 of the rear space is set at a value in the range: F0<Fv2?Fv1 in which F0 is a resonant frequency of the diaphragm, and Fv1 is a resonant frequency of the front space.

Abstract: An integrated heat exchange system on a microfluidic card. According to one aspect of the invention, the portable microfluidic card has a heating, cooling and heat cycling system on-board such that the card can be used portably. The microfluidic card includes one or more reservoirs containing exothermic or endothermic material. Once the chemical process of the reservoir material is activated, the reservoir provides heat or cooling to specific locations of the microfluidic card. Multiple reservoirs may be included on a single card to provide varying temperatures. The assay chemicals can be moved to the various reservoirs to create a thermal cycle useful in many biological reactions, for example, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) or rtPCR.

Abstract: A printer including a cutting portion including a plate-shaped fixed blade, a plate-shaped movable blade and a driving unit, which drives the movable blade back and forth with respect to the fixed blade; and a paper stacking portion for stacking a cut-off paper thereon, which is provided on a downstream side of a paper transfer direction with respect to the cutting portion on the fixed blade side, wherein the movable blade is disposed on the downstream side with respect to the fixed blade and configured to move toward the fixed blade to cut a paper, and a tip end portion of the movable blade is configured to have a surface almost perpendicular with respect to a direction of pushing the paper toward the paper stacking portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for modulating at least one pulse of electromagnetic radiation with a spatial light modulator. At least one mechanically movable modulator element is provided. At least one actuating element is provided capable to produce forces on said modulator element. An address signal to said at least one movable element is provided. A first amplifying signal is provided to at least one first electrode belonging to said at least one movable element shaping and timing said amplifying signal for creating a mechanical response in the modulator element representing a desired modulation state for said electromagnetic radiation pulse when impinging onto said modulator element.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention includes a method for homogenizing a beam of electromagnetic radiation. Said beam of electromagnetic radiation is impinged onto a first array of deflecting elements. Said beam of electromagnetic radiation is dispersed into a number of spatially separated beamlets by said first array of deflecting elements. Said beamlets are deflected by said first array of deflecting elements. Said deflected beamlets are impinged onto a second array of deflecting elements. Said beamlets are superimposed at a target plane to thereby form a radiation beam having a homogenized spatial intensity distribution. The invention also relates to an apparatus for homogenizing a beam of electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: An electret capacitor microphone includes an electret capacitor section having a diaphragm and a backplate, an impedance conversion element for converting a change in the electrostatic capacity of the electret capacitor section into an electric impedance, and a case for accommodating the electret capacitor section and the impedance conversion element. Part of the case is a synthetic resin-made base member formed integrally with a plurality of terminal members by insert molding. One end of the terminal member is exposed on an inner surface of the base member so as to form part of a conductive pattern. The other end of the terminal member is exposed on an outer surface of the base member as an external connection terminal portion. The impedance conversion element is mounted on the base member at a predetermined position in the conductive pattern.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention includes a method for patterning a workpiece. Said method including the actions of coating said workpiece with a layer sensitive to a writing wavelength of an electromagnetic radiation source, placing said workpiece on a workpiece stage in a lithographic printer, said printer having a reticle or mask, with at least a first and a second area with essentially equal pattern, disposed between said radiation source and said workpiece, patterning at least a part of said layer sensitive to said writing wavelength of said electromagnetic radiation source by illuminating said mask or reticle with at least two pulses of said electromagnetic radiation, wherein said first and second areas on said mask or reticle are superimposed on the same area of the workpiece. Other aspects of the present invention are reflected in the detailed description, figures and claims.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microfluidic devices and methods for manipulating and analyzing fluid samples. The disclosed microfluidic devices utilize a plurality of microfluidic channels, inlets, valves, filter, pumps, liquid barriers and other elements arranged in various configurations to manipulate the flow of a fluid sample in order to prepare such sample for analysis.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods and devices that improve the radiation-resistance of a movable micromechanical optical element. In particular, a radiation-resistant layer is added to a movable micro-mechanical optical element, suitable to reduce the surface and bulk material changes to the element that result from exposure to pulsed laser energy densities less than 100 micro-joules per square centimeter and at wavelengths less than or equal to about 248 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a movable micro-element with reduced imprinting or hysteresis effect arranged spaced apart from a surface comprising at least one electrode. At least one restoring element is connected to said movable micro-element. An address electrode is arranged on said surface and capable to electrostatically attract said movable micro-element. Said address electrode is addressed to a first potential. Said movable micro-element is first set to a second potential defining a non addressed state and at a time period ?t before a predetermined pulsed signal is emitted said movable micro-element is switched from said second potential to a third potential defining an addressed state. Said movable micro-element is kept in said addressed state for a time period of ?t+?t?. The invention also relates to a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM), an apparatus for patterning a workpiece and a method of reducing an imprinting or hysteresis effect of a movable micro-element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for creating a pattern on a workpiece sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is emitted onto a computer controlled reticle having a multitude of modulating elements (pixels). The pixels are arranged in said computer controlled reticle according to a digital description. An image of said computer controlled reticle is created on said workpiece, wherein said pixels in said computer controlled reticle are arranged in alternate states along at least a part of one feature edge in order to create a smaller address grid. The invention also relates to an apparatus for creating a pattern on a workpiece. The invention also relates to a semiconducting wafer and a mask.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a system for predicting and correcting geometrical errors in lithography using masks, such as large-area photomasks or reticles, and exposure stations, such as wafer steppers or projection aligners, printing the pattern of said masks on a workpiece, such as a display panel or a semi-conductor wafer. The method according to the invention comprises the steps of collecting information about a mask substrate, a mask writer, an exposure stati n, and/or about behavior of a processing step that will occur after the writing of the mask. Further the method comprises predicting from the combined information distorsions occuring in the pattern, when it is subsequently printed on the workpiece; calculating from said prediction a correction to diminish said predicted distorsion, and exposing said pattern onto said mask substrate while applying said correction for said distorsions.