Abstract: Apparatus for separating a sublimation product from a gas which contains this product in the form of vapor, comprising an elongate substantially horizontal casing having a gas inlet near one end and a gas outlet near the other end so that gas flows longitudinally through the casing; heat exchange means cooperating with the exterior of the wall of the casing for cooling said wall below the sublimation temperature during the subliming process, means for assuring that an open channel for gas flow is maintained during the subliming process, said means comprising at least one permanently heated, elongate, rod-shaped element fitted eccentrically in the casing, said element extending in the same direction as the casing and being placed in the upper part of the casing, said heating element being manufactured of a material having good heat-conducting properties and projecting into the casing through a wall portion over part of the length of the heating element so that heat can be supplied thereto from outside the casi

Abstract: The present invention relates to variable output transmissions which utilize mechanical square wave generators. The square wave generator comprises a plurality of relatively rotatable driver gears mounted on a first common shaft, and a plurality of driven gears mounted to the bevel gears of a differential, the differential carrier and pinion thereof being fixedly mounted on a second common shaft. The driven and driver gear meshingly engage, the rotation of the driver gears imparting a relative pattern of rotation to the driven gears to cause the differential carrier and the second shaft to rotate with an angular velocity determined by the relative angle of mounting the driver gears. The output angular velocity of the generators is applied to the output shaft of the transmission such that by varying the relative angle of mounting the driver gears the output of the transmission may be varied.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for synthesizing compositions containing trioctahedral smectite-type clays which contain fluorine within their layer lattices. In particular, the invention provides a process for synthesizing compositions having mole ratios of Li, Na, Mg and Si, expressed as oxides, and F of:aLi.sub.2 O : bNa.sub.2 O : cMgO : dF : 8SiO.sub.2 (I)where 0.ltoreq.a<1.2, 0.ltoreq.b<0.6, 4.75.ltoreq.c<7, 0<d<4, o.ltoreq.a+b<1.4, and 5.5<a+b+c<8, and where c.gtoreq.6 when a+ b= 0.

Abstract: Fading of the light-sensitivity of a dye-sensitized photoconductive layer used repeatedly for image formation in indirect electrophotographic copying is avoided by employing a photoconductive layer sensitized by a nitro-substituted dye such as a nitro-fluorescein or a nitro-phenolsulfonephthalein.

Abstract: In a textile winding machine each of a pair of arms is connected at one end to a first wheel and supports a bobbin at the other end in a winding position with the bobbin resting against a driving roller. An endless band, such as a chain, extends around and engages both the first wheel and a second wheel and also passes around a tension roller. The second wheel is connected to a motor for being selectively driven in each of two directions and for driving the first wheel via the endless band. When not driving the second wheel, the motor blocks rotation of the wheels. The tension roller is positioned by the action of tension control means which has an active and an inactive position. The tension control means includes a shoe abutting against a bladder adapted to be connected selectively to a source of compressed air and to a discharge.

Abstract: In a machine for filling bags, which bags are positioned one next to the other in a double web in which the bottom and sides are defined by joints between the two layers of the web, a diverging guiding means for guiding only one upper web edge and a means for pulling the other upper web edge away from the first edge are provided.

Abstract: Novel 18 -, 19 - and 20 -hydroxy-prostaglandin derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## wherein the dotted line in the position 8-12 indicates the optional presence of a double bond, the waved lines in position 15 indicate that the hydroxyl group and the group R.sub.4 are either in .alpha.- or .beta.-position and Z represents a -- CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or a cis -- CH=CH -- group, and wherein R represents one of the groups: ##STR2## (wherein the waved lines indicate that the hydroxyl groups are either in .alpha.- or .beta.-position and R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl or ethyl group), R.sub.2 represents either an oxygen atom or a hydrogen atom and an .alpha.- or .beta.-hydroxyl group, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group and R.sub.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, with the proviso that when simultaneously, R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, R.sub.

Abstract: A urea synthesis process is disclosed, wherein carbon dioxide and ammonium carbamate are reacted at elevated pressure to form urea, the resulting process stream is heated at reduced pressure to decompose ammonium carbamate, the off-gas from the ammonium carbamate decomposition is separated from the residual process stream (containing produce urea), and the off-gas is condensed to form an ammonium carbamate solution which is recycled to urea synthesis. A minimum amount of water in the condensate is recycled to the urea synthesis by taking an expanded gas-liquid mixture from a pressure reduction stage and directly separating the gas and liquid phases in such mixture without the application of heat thereto, thereafter heating the separated liquid phase to vaporize part of the liquid therein, and subjecting the resultant gas-mixture to separation, and condensing the gas phases obtained from both gas-liquid separations as condensate to be recycled to urea synthesis.

Abstract: A dicarboxylic acid diamides is produced by reacting urea with a terephthalic, isophthalic, 2,6-naphthalene-dicarboxylic or 1,4-cyclohexane-dicarboxylic acid at an elevated temperature of about 30.degree.-200.degree. C. and in a liquid reaction medium consisting essentially of chlorosulfonic acid or an at least 10% by weight oleum. The diamide products are widely used in the preparation of pharmaceuticals and protective agents for plants.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for testing electronic circuit devices for proper operation and parameter tolerance levels. The apparatus includes a card reader for extracting from a plurality of programming cards comparison values against which actual parameter values of a device under test are to be compared; a memory for storing a plurality of comparison values for each parameter of the device to be checked, which different comparison values represent different tolerance levels or bins for the device; test circuitry for measuring the actual values of the parameters of a device under test; a comparator for comparing each of such actual values with the various tolerance comparison values for the same; and a visual display screen for displaying the results of the comparison.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and apparatus for indicating e geographical position of a piloted vehicle equipped with a computer, the method comprising the steps of using a geographical map or a portion of map, approximately orientated, without regard to its method of folding and its dimensions; identifying and transmitting to the computer at any desired moment, basic information such as reference of alignment on a meridian of the map-references of magnetic declination and scale of said map, co-ordinates of at least one radio-navigation transmitter chosen on the map, co-ordinates of at least one objective to be reached on the map, co-ordinates of at least one possible intermediate point on the route; indicating on said map at any instant under the control of the computer which also receives the variable radio-navigation information from the transmitter selected, the geographical position of the vehicle, the above identification and indication steps being effected by the use of a single organiza

Abstract: A cultivator is provided having a single supporting structure to which can be operatively connected one, or a pair, of a plurality of groups of rotary soil working members that include groups which preferably have at least two different working widths, whereby the cultivator may be used to work a strip of land having any chosen one of a number of different possible widths.

Abstract: New compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrocarbon moiety having from 1 to 7 carbon toms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, formyl or acetyl. The compounds are useful in the preparation, modification and intensification of a great variety of flavor and perfume compositions.

Abstract: Direct-print images of improved stability against prolonged light-exposure are obtained in a photodevelopable element by spectrally sensitizing the photodevelopable emulsion, providing in the emulsion layer or a superposed layer a compound absorbing radiation in the inherent sensitivity range of the silver halide, and effecting image-wise exposure with radiation comprising light of the spectral range for which the silver halide has been spectrally sensitized.

Abstract: In electrophotographic copying processes use is made of a reproduction element comprising on a conductive support a photoconductive layer containing dispersed in a binder a bisazo naphthol compound having a certain structure of substituents whereby the reproduction element exhibits relatively high light-sensitivity and is repeatedly exposable and developable imagewise so as to be useful for indirect electrophotographic copying. Special binder compositions enhance the light-sensitivity of the element and special layer constructions are provided to suit it for certain uses.

Abstract: Selective firing system for gun perforating comprising in combination a surface control, and a subsurface master sub together with a multiplicity of identical slave subs each operatively connected with a perforating charge and so interconnected that any of the slave subs may be armed and fired in any order under the control of the operator.

Abstract: A pile driving apparatus to be lowered onto the head of a previously submerged pile positioned in a caisson is guided in its descent on cables. The cables are secured to a crossbar attached near the head of the pile. The crossbar must be attached sufficiently close to the head of the pile so that the funnel shaped mouth of the pile driving apparatus is guided onto the head of the pile even if the surface ship has drifted laterally to pull the cables away from the vertical, or if the pile itself is positioned in the caisson at an angle to the vertical.The crossbar is attached to the pile by retractable pins extending through longitudinal slots in the pile, or by extendable pressure pads that engage the circumference of the pile. Means are provided for automatically retracting the pins or pads whenever the crossbar bears against the pile driving apparatus.

Abstract: A soil cultivator or harrow has a row of soil working members that are driven about upwardly extending axes to work the soil. A plant screen at each lateral side of the implement has a forward guide portion that is pivoted to the front of the frame and a rear, spring-biased portion that normally is held close to the implement's lateral sides. The guide portion of each screen is inclined with respect to the direction of travel to guide plants away from the soil working members during the forward travel of the implement. A pair of arms are pivoted adjacent their front ends to a forward portion of the main frame of the implement, and are connected at their rear ends by a transverse support. The arms are connected to the main frame intermediate their ends by a connection which permits angular adjustment of the arms about their pivots. Each end of the transverse support is connected to a further rearwardly and downwardly extending arm and a roller is supported between the further arms.

Abstract: A cultivator having rotatable soil-working tines on supports has a screening element pivotally connected to the front of the frame to extend downwardly near the supports. Springs bias the screening element to a position adjacent the tines to prevent damage by stones encountered during operation. Adjustment members permit the vertical adjustment of the screening element relative to the tines.

Abstract: The useful life of a gas turbine combustion chamber and especially its flame pipe is increased by an improved cooling arrangement which branches off a small proportion of the air from the compressor upstream of the combustion chamber. The branched off air is directed into the combustion chamber and onto the flame pipe so that it flows in a cooling manner around at least the front end of the flame pipe without initially substantially participating in the combustion.