Abstract: The invention generally relates to systems and methods for separating ions at about or above atmospheric pressure. In certain embodiments, the invention provides systems that include an ionization source that generates ions and an ion trap. The ion trap is maintained at about or above atmospheric pressure and includes a plurality of electrodes and at least one inlet configured to receive a gas flow and at least one outlet. The system is configured such that a combination of a gas flow and one or more electric fields produced by the electrodes separates the ions based on mass-to-charge ratio and sends the separated ions through the at least one outlet of the ion trap.

Abstract: A system and methods for machine anomaly and behavior classification is provided. An audio capture device may attach to a mechanical apparatus comprising a first component and a second component. The first component and second component may separately generate audible noise. The audio capture device may generate a signal in response audio caused by the vibrating diagram. The system may receive the signal generated by the microphone of the audio capture device. The system may determine, based on a machine learning model and the signal, an anomalous event associated with the first component, a second component, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, or in addition, the system may classify operation of the machine based on second machine learning model.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a first light emitting diode (LED). The first LED includes a first metallic layer. The first LED additionally includes a p-doped semiconductor layer over the first metallic layer. Additionally, the first LED includes a multi quantum well (MQW) semiconductor layer over the p-doped semiconductor layer. Moreover, the first LED includes an n-doped semiconductor layer over the MQW semiconductor layer. Next, the first LED includes a second metallic layer over the n-doped semiconductor layer. The light emitting device also includes a second LED over the first LED. Further, the light emitting device includes a third LED over the second LED.

Abstract: A hydraulic propulsion system is disclosed which includes an input interface configured to receive mechanical power from a power source, a pressure source comprising one or more fixed or variable displacement pumps coupled to the input interface and adaptable to convert mechanical power to hydraulic power and controlling outlet pressure of the pressure source (system pressure), one or more variable displacement motors coupled to the pressure source via a corresponding high-pressure line configured to be mechanically coupled to one or more aerodynamic rotors of an aircraft and comprising a closed loop speed control arrangement in response to a commanded rotor speed, and a controller configured to control the speed of one or more variable displacement motors by providing a control signal for controlling the system pressure.

Abstract: A high-strength aluminum alloy coating. The coating includes aluminum, 9R phase, fine grains, nanotwins, stacking faults, and a solute capable of stabilizing the 9R phase, the fine grains, and the stacking faults. A method of making a high-strength aluminum alloy coating on a substrate. The method includes, depositing the constituents of an aluminum alloy on a substrate such that the deposit forms a high-strength aluminum alloy coating containing 9R phase, fine grains, nanotwins, and stacking faults. A high-strength deformation layer in and on a casting of an aluminum alloy containing 9R phase, fine grains, nanotwins, stacking faults, and a solute capable of stabilizing the PR phase, the fine grains, and the stacking faults. A method of making a high-strength deformation layer in and on a casting of an aluminum alloy by deforming the alloy such that deformation layer contains 9R phase, fine grains, nanotwins, and stacking faults.

Abstract: A method of measuring temperature of a battery having an internally disposed thermal protection arrangement is disclosed which includes providing at least one sensor holder having an electrode side and a housing side disposed within a housing, with at least one cavity provided on the electrode side, providing at least one temperature sensor placed in the at least one cavity of the at least one sensor holder, the outer surface of the at least one temperature sensor being flush with the remaining surface of the at least one sensor holder, attaching the at least one sensor holder to one of a first electrode or a second electrode of the battery, coupling the at least one temperature sensor to a header, and measuring the temperature of the battery.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to 3D-architected soft machines with topologically encoded actuation, and methods of making and using the 3D-architected soft machines.

Abstract: An optical tissue imaging system includes a probe for insertion into a transparent cylindrical capillary. The capillary includes an internal cylindrical channel that extends along a central axis. The capillary is inserted into tissue of a subject, and the probe may rotate and translate within the capillary. The probe may include a mirror configured to reflect light to the tissue outside of the cylindrical capillary.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for manufacturing a catechol-containing co-polymer through a suspension polymerization or a solution polymerization process. In some illustrative embodiments, this disclosure relates to a process of a free radical suspension polymerization for large-scale manufacturing catechol-containing copolymers. In some other illustrative embodiments, this disclosure relates to a solution polymerization of free radical, cationic, or anionic process for large-scale manufacturing catechol-containing copolymers. The process and the product thereof are within the scope of this disclosure.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for processing materials to enhancing the material's surface strength, improving the material's cyclic and thermal stability of microstructures, and extend the material's fatigue performance. Embodiments include laser shock peening at material temperatures that are moderately elevated (from the material's perspective) above room temperature. Alternate embodiments include laser shock peening at very cold (cryogenic) material temperatures. Still further embodiments include laser shock peening while covering the surface of the material being processed with an active agent that interacts with the laser energy and enhances the pressure exerted on the surface.

Abstract: A composition for use as an electronic material. The composition contains at least one organic semiconducting material, and at least one electrically insulating polymer forming a semiconducting blend wherein the insulating polymer acts as a matrix for the organic semiconducting material resulting in an interpenetrating morphology of the polymer and the semiconductor material. The variation of charge carrier mobility with temperature in the semiconducting blend is less than 20 percent in a temperature range. A method of making a film of an electronic material. The method includes dissolving at least one organic semiconducting material and at least one insulating polymer into an organic solvent in a pre-determined ratio resulting in a semiconducting blend, depositing the blend onto a substrate to form a film comprising an interpenetrating morphology of the at least one insulating polymer and the at least one organic semiconductor material.

Abstract: Roll-to-roll freeze-drying (lyophilization) system and process for facilitating freeze-drying processes and enabling the collection of data by which a freeze-drying process can be monitored and evaluated. Such a system includes a roll-to-roll freeze-drying apparatus adapted to continuously freeze and dry a liquid to form a freeze-dried and encapsulate freeze-dried sheet portions of the freeze-dried sheet to create premeasured pouches containing the freeze-dried sheet portions. The system further includes a metrology section that monitors any of the freeze-dried sheet and the freeze-dried sheet portions during the freezing and drying of the liquid to generate data for controlling the freezing and drying of the liquid.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to systems and methods for conducting reactions and screening for reaction products.

Abstract: A piezoelectric structure is disclosed which includes a single crystal having piezoelectric coefficients d31 and d32 of opposite magnitude, such that when an alternating electric field is applied in the Z direction, the piezoelectric structure expands in one of the X and Y directions and contracts in the other of the X and Y direction, a first electrode coupled to the single crystal, and a second electrode coupled to the single crystal, wherein the alternating electric field is input to the single crystal through the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A thermoelectric module includes two insulating substrates supporting a plurality of thermoelectric fingers. Each thermoelectric finger has alternating strips of n-type doped material and p-type doped material, wherein adjacent n-type doped strips and p-type doped strips are separated by and electrically coupled to conductive regions. The thermoelectric fingers run in a first direction and are spaced apart from each other. A plurality of holes in the insulating substrates are disposed between adjacent thermoelectric fingers, and area aligned with each other. A length of fabric yarn woven is in and out of substantially aligned holes in each substantially aligned set of holes.

Abstract: A transducer is disclosed which includes lead zirconate titanate (PZT) particles mixed with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in a flexible substrate aligned in a first direction, forming a transducer subsystem, a first conductive protective electrode having a width and a length providing an electrical connectivity to an external circuit, a second conductive protective electrode having the width and the length providing an electrical connectivity to the external circuit, wherein the transducer subsystem is sandwiched between the first and second conductive protective electrodes.

Abstract: A nanohole template is disclosed which includes a substrate and a vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) structure disposed over the substrate. The VAN structure is a metal nitride having circular periodic nanoholes of about 2 nm to about 20 nm in diameter.

Abstract: A method is disclosed. In the method, color differences are calculated between a current video frame and a motion predicted version of the current video frame based on a human visual system's ability to perceive the color differences. Also, information in a difference frame is discarded based on the color differences. The difference frame includes differences between the current video frame and the motion predicted version of the current video frame.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump is disclosed, which includes an input crank shaft configured to be interfaced with a shaft of a power generating device, one or more connecting rings coupled to the input crank shaft with an eccentric interface such that when the input crank shaft is rotating causes the connecting ring to rotate with an eccentricity, a fixed annular frame, and a plurality of hydraulic actuators annularly disposed between the one or more connecting rings and the fixed annular frame, each hydraulic actuator of the plurality of hydraulic actuators having a piston disposed within a cylinder and each further including a hydraulic input and a hydraulic output, the eccentricity between the connecting ring and the input crank shaft causes the plurality of hydraulic actuators to i) pump hydraulic fluid out of the hydraulic output, or ii) cause suction of hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic input.

Abstract: System and methods for high accuracy, non-intrusive current sensing are provided. A system may include two magnetic field sensors configured for differential sensing. The system may further include frontend circuitry configured to remove direct current (DC) offset of the magnetic field sensors, upconvert the outputs of the magnetic field sensors, and filter out at least one frequency component from the up-converted signals. The system may receive output signals from the front-end circuitry corresponding to each sensor. The system may further calculate a differential signal based on the output signals. The system may apply optimal detection based on the differential signal and a reference signal to calculate a measurement of current flow. The system may determine a phase angle measurement between the differential signal and the reference signal to calculate a direction of the current flow in the conductor and output various measurement information related to the detected current.