Abstract: The present invention provides reagents and methods for biomaterial production from cyanobacteria.

Abstract: An omnibus process of pulping and bleaching lignocellulosic materials in which a charge of a lignocellulosic material is biopulped and/or water extracted prior to pulping and bleaching. The lignocellulosic material may be mechanically pulped and bleached in the presence of an enzyme that breaks lignin-carbohydrate complexes.

Abstract: An optical attenuator (104) includes a substrate (116), an attenuation layer (120), and a pair of electrodes (124). The substrate (116) is transparent with respect to a range of light wavelengths. The attenuation layer (120) is formed on the substrate (116) and includes a strongly-correlated material. An optical transmissivity of the strongly-correlated material is strongly correlated with a resistance of the strongly-correlated material, and the optical transmissivity as applied to the light wavelengths is variable. The pair of electrodes (124) is at least one of formed on and embedded within the attenuation layer (120). The pair of electrodes (124) is configured to provide an indication of the resistance of the attenuation layer (120).

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula (I): and salts thereof, wherein X and Y have any of the values defined herein. The compounds inhibit bacterial RNA polymerase, inhibit bacterial growth, and have applications in, analysis of RNA polymerase structure and function, control of bacterial gene expression, control of bacterial growth, antibacterial chemistry, antibacterial therapy, and drug discovery.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a therapeutic agent of the formula: Z—C(?O)—(CH2)n-?-S—S—(CRR?)m-(CH2)p—C(?O)—NH—(CH2)q—NH—Y[NH—(CH2)r—X-T-W][NH—(CH2—CH—O)t(CH2)s—NH—V]??Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, useful for treating tumors, including cancers. Where the compound of Formula I also contains a radionuclide or an imaging agent or both, the compound of formula I is a theranostic agent useful for treating and diagnosing tumors, including cancers.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions to screen for compounds, e.g., small molecules or drugs, that can modulate or inhibit enzymes, e.g., proteases, such as viral proteases, e.g., HIV proteases; and methods for making and using these compositions. In alternative embodiment, the invention provides compositions and methods for identifying compositions, e.g., drug molecules that can modulate or inhibit enzymes, e.g., proteases, proteinases or peptidases or the like, e.g., HIV proteases. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides cell-based assays to screen for compositions, e.g., small molecules or drugs, that modulate or inhibit or modify the activity of enzymes such as proteases, proteinases or peptidases or the like, such as calcium-dependent protein convertases involved in HIV envelop protein processing, including cleavage of the HIV gp160 envelope precursor, resulting in gp120 and gp41 envelope products.

Abstract: Provided is a Group 9 novel metal catalyst complex further comprising a ketone-containing cocatalyst. The metal catalyst complex is useful in generating olefins from alkanes with great efficiency. In one embodiment, provided is an iridium catalyst complex useful in the dehydrogenation of alkanes comprising a ketone-containing cocatalyst and iridium complexed with a tridentate ligand. Also provided is a novel dehydrogenation method which utilizes the catalyst composition. In other embodiments, a novel process for preparing oligomers from alkanes utilizing the catalyst composition is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of inhibiting the growth of or promoting differentiation and destruction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) comprising contacting the cancer stem cells with a compound having the structure: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly discovered that administration of nitrite to subjects causes a reduction in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow to tissues. The effect is particularly beneficial, for example, to tissues in regions of low oxygen tension. This discovery provides useful treatments to regulate a subject's blood pressure and blood flow, for example, by the administration of nitrite salts. Provided herein are methods of administering a pharmaceutically-acceptable nitrite salt to a subject, for treating, preventing or ameliorating a condition selected from: (a) ischemia-reperfusion injury (e.g., hepatic or cardiac or brain ischemia-reperfusion injury); (b) pulmonary hypertension (e.g., neonatal pulmonary hypertension); or (c) cerebral artery vasospasm.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a traceless directing group in a radical cascade. The chemo- and regioselectivity of the initial attack in skipped oligoalkynes is controlled by a propargyl alkoxy moiety. Radical translocations lead to the boomerang return of radical center to the site of initial attack where it assists to the elimination of the directing functionality via ?-scission in the last step of the cascade. In some aspects, the reaction of the present invention is catalyzed by a stannane moiety, which allows further via facile reactions with electrophiles as well as Stille and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions. This selective radical transformation opens a new approach for the controlled transformation of skipped oligoalkynes into polycyclic ribbons of tunable dimensions.

Abstract: A polymer and a method of forming a polymer are provided. The polymer has the general structure (I): wherein M is an organic moiety; X is a main group element selected from S, P, As, Se, Te, and Sb; R1 is a direct bond between M and the ethylene group depicted between M and X or a hydrocarbyl linking moiety having between 1 and about 9 carbon atoms; R2 is a hydrocarbyl moiety; R3 is an organic linking group; Y has a value of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; Z has a value of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4; YY has a value of 0, 1 or 2; and Y, YY, and Z are such that the total number of moieties bonded to M is 3, 4, 5, or 6.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method is provided for compressing a collection of images. The method includes: receiving image data for an image ensemble composed of a plurality of images; dividing the image data into a plurality of data blocks; decomposing each data block from the plurality of data blocks into a set of rank-one tensors by estimating each rank-one tensor individually, where each rank-one tensor is represented by three one-dimensional vectors; arranging the rank-one tensors for each of the plurality of data blocks into a two-dimensional matrix, where the decomposer is implemented by computer processor; compressing the two-dimensional matrix using a compression operation; and storing the compressed two-dimensional matrix in a non-transitory data store.

Abstract: The “instant evolution” system was initially developed in E. coli, primarily because of the ease with which this organism can be genetically manipulated. Because many of the functionally important regions of rRNA are conserved among bacteria, drug leads developed against conserved targets in the E. coli system may produce broad-spectrum anti-infectives. In order to develop a system to produce narrow-spectrum anti-infectives, herein we disclose methods for identifying functional mutant P. aeruginosa ribosomes suitable as drug targets and for identifying drug candidates that do not bind to the human 16S rRNA.

Abstract: Ligands that bind to prion proteins and methods for using the ligands for detecting or removing a prion protein from a sample, such as a biological fluid or an environmental sample. The ligands are capable of binding to one or more forms of prion protein including cellular prion protein (PrPc), infectious prion protein (PrPsc), and recombinant prion protein (PrPr). Prions from various species, including humans and hamsters, are bound by the ligands. Also provided is a method of treating or retarding the development of a prion-associated pathology in a subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing levodopa-induced dyskinesia in a patient suffering from Parkinson's Disease, comprising the step of administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the invention. The present invention further provides a method of inhibiting, suppressing or preventing Parkinson's Disease in a patient, comprising the step of administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the invention.

Abstract: An X ray diagnostic apparatus includes an X ray tube generating X rays, a first detector detecting the X rays, at least one second detector arranged in front of a first detection surface of the first detector and including a second detection surface narrower than the first detection surface and indicator points provided on a rear surface of the second detection surface, a projection data generation unit generating first projection data based on an output from the first detector, and a positional shift detection unit detecting a positional shift of the second detector relative to the first detector in accordance with an imaging direction by using the first projection data and a predetermined positional relationship between the points and detection elements in the second detector.

Abstract: This invention provides a compound having the structure wherein ?, ?, X, Y, and R1-R11 are defined herein. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above compounds, a method of inhibiting the activity and/or levels of a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), a method of inhibiting the production of a cytokine in a population of cells, a method of inhibiting the production of a growth factor in a population of cells, and a method of inhibiting NF?-B activation in a population of cells.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium-ion cell has a cell capacity and includes a positive electrode having a recharged potential and a negative electrode. The rechargeable lithium-ion cell also includes a charge-carrying electrolyte. The charge-carrying electrolyte includes a charge-carrying medium and a lithium salt. The rechargeable lithium-ion cell also includes a redox shuttle having the following structure.

Abstract: A new and distinct Viburnum cultivar plant named ‘NCVR1’ is disclosed, characterized by dark green, evergreen leaves. Plants are compact and produce abundant white flowers in Spring. The new variety is a Viburnum normally produced as an outdoor garden or container plant.

Abstract: A new and distinct Viburnum cultivar plant named ‘NCVX1’ is disclosed, characterized by highly glossy, semi-evergreen foliage, which exhibits Fall color of red to purple. Plants are compact with a uniquely prostrate branching habit. Abundant cymes are produced with 150 to 400 florets. The new variety is a Viburnum normally produced as an outdoor garden or container plant.