Abstract: A microscopy method includes a trained deep neural network that is executed by software using one or more processors of a computing device, the trained deep neural network trained with a training set of images comprising co-registered pairs of high-resolution microscopy images or image patches of a sample and their corresponding low-resolution microscopy images or image patches of the same sample. A microscopy input image of a sample to be imaged is input to the trained deep neural network which rapidly outputs an output image of the sample, the output image having improved one or more of spatial resolution, depth-of-field, signal-to-noise ratio, and/or image contrast.

Abstract: A transformant obtained by introducing a DNA of (a1), (a2), or (a3) below, and (b) an alcohol dehydrogenase gene, into a bacterium of the genus Hydrogenophilus, can efficiently produce isobutanol utilizing carbon dioxide as a sole carbon source. (a1) DNA which consists of a base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; (a2) DNA which consists of a base sequence having 90% or more identity with SEQ ID NO: 1, the DNA encoding a polypeptide having 2-keto-acid decarboxylase activity; (a3) DNA which hybridizes with a DNA consisting of a base sequence complementary to SEQ ID NO: 1 under stringent conditions, and which encodes a polypeptide having 2-keto-acid decarboxylase activity.

Abstract: This invention relates to drug delivery and in particular to the delivery of biologically active agents in the form of dry powders for inhalation. The invention also relates to methods for preparing such dry powder formulations and methods for their use.

Abstract: In a noncontact vital sign sensing device of the present invention, a gain detector is provided to detect a gain between an oscillation signal and a received signal. Gain detection can cancel out the amplitude noise of an oscillator such that frequency information of vital sign(s) of a subject can be extracted from the gain without null-point issue, and vital sign(s) of the subject located at any position within sensing range can be detected.

Abstract: A test system and test method continuously and intelligently measures water content of subgrade in real time. The test system is based on the theory of resistivity, and is equipped with a wheeled machine to measure the water content of subgrade. The wheeled machine includes scroll roller. The test system includes: at least one set of electrode including four probes wherein detection parts of the four probes are linearly and equidistantly arranged on the scroll roller. The arrangement direction of the detection parts of the four probes is parallel to the axis of the scroll roller; a data integration apparatus is connected to the four probes and used for performing data calculation, analysis, and transmission; the electric source is connected to data integration apparatus and used for supplying a working current. The system and method can realize automatic signal collection, non-destructive detection of subgrade soil and dynamic water content measurement.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are hydrogel compositions comprising a triblock copolymer having a formula A-B-A, wherein A is a polycaprolactone (PCL) block or a polyvalerolactone (PVL) block and B is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) block. Also disclosed are methods of making a hydrogel comprising providing a photoinitiator and a triblock copolymer having a formula A-B-A, wherein the triblock copolymer comprises one or more ethylenically unsaturated moieties; and photocrosslinking the triblock copolymer, thereby forming a hydrogel.

Abstract: Provided are compositions, methods, and kits for CRISPR-based editing of DNA targets by Type I CRISPR-associated (Cas) enzymes.

Abstract: Methods of using pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) therapy to treat pancreatic disorders such as type 1 diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer are provided. The methods utilize pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) therapy either by itself or in combination with islet transplantation and/or stem cell therapy to promote regeneration of damaged pancreatic tissue, increase insulin secretion in response to glucose, or improve engraftment and revascularization of transplanted islets or beta cells. Additionally, methods of using pFUS are provided for modulating paracrine secretion in the pancreas, islets, beta cells, or stem cells, or at a transplantation site to therapeutically alter levels of various factors including, without limitation, cytokines, growth factors, angiogenic factors, and cell adhesion molecules.

Abstract: A system to couple light to tissue includes a first light source configured to emit first light of a first wavelength lambda ?1 and a second light source configured to emit second light of a second wavelength ?2. The system also includes a retro-modulator configured to receive the first light and the second light. The retro-modulator is configured to modulate the first light of the first wavelength ?1 based at least in part on an intensity of the second light of the second wavelength ?2. The retro-modulator is also configured to reflect the modulated first light for use in generation of a guide-star within the tissue.

Abstract: An in-situ observation device for gas hydrates includes a reactor, which includes a visual tube, a pulling rod, a temperature-controlled seed crystal rod and a spiral adjuster. An upper end and a lower end of the visual tube are respectively equipped with an upper end cap and a lower end cap. The upper end cap defines an air inlet, and the lower end cap defines a liquid inlet. An upper end of the temperature-controlled seed crystal rod is connected to an adjusting flange. The adjusting flange is connected to the spiral adjuster. A lower end of the temperature-controlled seed crystal rod hermetically passes through the upper end cap and is located in the visual tube. The temperature-controlled seed crystal rod defines a cooling liquid channel, and a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet, a seed crystal rod liquid inlet and a seed crystal rod outlet.

Abstract: Provided are a guide vane body with a vortex suppression structure ring and an axial-flow nuclear reactor coolant pump (RCP), including a rim cover plate, a hub cover plate, guide vane blades and a diffuser, where the hub cover plate is coaxially arranged in the rim cover plate, and a flow channel is placed between the hub cover plate and the rim cover plate, and a plurality of guide vane blades are placed in the flow channel in an array; and an outlet end of the hub cover plate is connected with the diffuser, and an outer wall of the diffuser gradually expands along a fluid flow direction; a diversion ring is arranged circumferentially on an inner wall at the outlet side of the rim cover plate, and the vortex suppression structure ring is placed at an outlet edge of the diversion ring.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method of treating or preventing cancer in a subject comprising administering to a subject having cancer or prone of getting cancer a first agent that depletes the subject's regulatory T cells (Tregs); followed by administering to the subject a second agent comprising a checkpoint inhibitor.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a Lamb wave phased array focus-imaging method based on a frequency response function. In the method, a piezoelectric sensor array is arranged on a surface of a tested structure, the frequency response function of an excitation and acquisition pair formed by an excitation array element and an acquisition array element is calculated according to a full-band response signal, and a dispersion pre-compensation signal is constructed; the dispersion pre-compensation signal and the frequency response function are multiplied in a frequency domain to obtain a frequency domain pre-compensation response signal; and according to a distance from the acquisition array element to a focal point at the coordinates, the dispersion of the frequency domain pre-compensation response signal is post-compensated, so as to obtain a frequency domain dispersion post-compensation signal until all sensor excitation and acquisition pairs are traversed.

Abstract: Methods of obtaining and kits that can be used to obtain an optical super-resolution image of a sample or a portion thereof or an individual or a portion thereof. In various examples, the individual is an individual with cancer. In various examples, a method includes contacting a sample or individual with one or more aluminosilicate nanoparticle(s) that have at least one organic fluorophore molecule covalently bonded to the aluminosilicate network of the nanoparticle(s), or a composition including the aluminosilicate nanoparticle(s); irradiating the sample or the individual, thereby exciting at least one of the fluorophore molecules of an individual aluminosilicate nanoparticle; and obtaining a fluorescence image or a sequence of fluorescence images, which can be processed to obtain a super-resolution image of the sample or the individual. In various examples, the sample is a biological sample, living or fixed tissues and/or cells, or a biopsy obtained from an individual.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for treating a patient having a brain lesion (e.g., a stroke patient) by applying a charge-balanced, low-frequency alternating current stimulation (ACS) to a region of the patient's brain immediately before and/or during a directed movement. The charge-balanced, low-frequency ACS may have a depolarizing phase that is slower than the hyperpolarizing phase (e.g., the depolarizing phase may have a frequency of 15 Hz or less and the hyperpolarizing phase with a frequency greater than 15 Hz). The ACS stimulation field may be greater than 1.5 V/m. The ACS may be applied during a preferred excitation phase.

Abstract: An interferometric scattering microscope is adapted by performing spatial filtering of output light, which comprises both light scattered from a sample location and illuminating light reflected from the sample location, prior to detection of the output light. The spatial filtering passes the reflected illumination light but with a reduction in intensity that is greater within a predetermined numerical aperture than at larger numerical apertures. This enhances the imaging contrast for coherent illumination, particularly for objects that are weak scatterers.

Abstract: A computer-based automated method of performing classification includes learning a deep neural network by maximizing an area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) or precision-recall curve (AUPRC) score wherein a margin-based surrogate loss function is applied, receiving an input into a deep neural network, and processing the input to the deep neural network to generate a prediction, wherein the prediction comprises a classification of the input. The computer-based automated method may be performed by executing instructions in at least one processor, and wherein said instructions are stored on a non-transitory memory readable by the at least one processor.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and kits are provided to amplify an amount of genomic methylated DNA that can be subsequently analyzed and/or sequenced. It has particular use with small amounts of DNA, including, but not limited to cell free DNA samples. In some embodiments, the ratio of polymerase and methyltransferase is controlled in order to provide maximum yields. In some embodiments, a dual primase/polymerase is used.

Abstract: Disclosed is a video encoding/decoding method and an apparatus using selective transmission of subblock partitioning information. The video encoding/decoding method and apparatus selectively encode and decode the splitting direction of a subblock to reduce the overhead of signal transmission for using subblock partitioning while effectively performing intra prediction per subblock basis.

Abstract: An EUV radiation light source generation apparatus includes a pump laser, at least one pulse shaping unit, a wavelength conversion unit, and a high-order harmonics generation unit. The pump laser provides a pulse laser radiation beam. Each pulse shaping unit conducts a spectrum extending operation and a phase compensation operation to the pulse laser radiation beam. The phase compensation operation makes multiple frequency components of the pulse laser radiation beam emitted by the pulse shaping unit to be substantially in phase. The wavelength conversion unit conducts a center wavelength conversion operation to the pulse laser radiation beam. The high-order harmonics generation unit receives the pulse laser radiation beam processed by the pulse shaping unit and the center wavelength conversion operation, and focuses the received pulse laser radiation beam to a high order harmonic generation medium to generate a high order harmonic radiation beam.