Abstract: A method for scheduling a virtual machine monitor having a scheduler, a task characteristic evaluation unit, and a credit management unit is provided. The virtual machine monitor drives at least two domains. The method includes scheduling, by the scheduler, the at least two domains, if an I/O event of each of the at least two domains in which the scheduling is performed is delayed, evaluating, by the task characteristic evaluation unit, a characteristic of a task of the at least two domains based on at least one of a central processing unit (CPU) intensive degree and an input/output (I/O) intensive degree of the at least two domains, differentially determining, by the credit management unit, an amount of credit in which each of the at least two domains retains according to the characteristic of the task, and determining, by the scheduler, an application frequency of a boost mechanism applied to the at least two domains according to the amount of credit.

Abstract: In some aspects, the invention relates to populations of hematopoietic cells that are enriched in PTP?? cells and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: An ultrasound imaging system uses a magnetic linear motor driven ultrasound scanner, with accurate track and hold operation and/or other motion feedback, to scan a two dimensional or three dimensional area of a sample. The scanner is implemented in a low-power and low-bandwidth handheld device and is connected with a remote image processing system that receives raw data and performs full ultrasound image analysis and creation, allowing the handheld to be used for scanning, pre-processing, and display.

Abstract: An anatomically-shaped, human bone graft may be cultivated ex vivo using a bioreactor capable of perfusing large complex porous scaffolds. Scaffolds derived from image-based modeling of a target are seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells and cultivated. A bioreactor configured to house complex three-dimensional scaffold geometries provides controlled flow for perfusion of the cells. Dense uniform cellular growth can be attained throughout the entire scaffold as a result of the medium perfusion. In an embodiment, the bioreactor has a mold into which perfusion medium is pumped under pressure and multiple ports through which the medium exits the mold.

Abstract: A method for determining the presence or amount of a target nucleic acid sequence in a sample, uses magnetic particles loaded with a probe and polystyrene particles loaded with a probe, in particular a different probe, for directly or indirectly detecting the presence or amount of the target nucleic acid sequence which is in particular indicative of a disease. The methods of the present invention allow for determining target nucleic acid sequences even in low abundance and in complex samples with advantageous sensitivity and, thus, represent promising approaches which can in particular be used in the diagnosis of several diseases and health conditions. A kit comprising a loaded magnetic particle and a loaded polystyrene particle is provided and can be used for the methods of the present invention, in particular for diagnosis or prognosis of a disease in a subject such as a human.

Abstract: Superhydrophobic materials are disclosed and described, along with devices, surfaces, and associated methods. Such materials can be coated onto device surfaces, system surfaces, structures, and the like.

Abstract: Multiple methods and corresponding apparatuses for efficient and reliable defect diagnosis in components of mechanical systems, are described. According to one aspect, multi-scale enveloping-order spectrogram is used to diagnose, or detect, defects in a moving component of a mechanical system. According to another aspect, defect identification and diagnosis in a motor is performed based on spectral characteristics of motor current envelope. According to yet another aspect, a logic rule model, employing classification of features associated with single- or multi-sensor data, is employed for diagnosis of defects in components of mechanical systems.

Abstract: Methods and systems for single beam scanning capable of imaging the surface of a spherical body of arbitrary radius of curvature are provided. The spherical imaging methods and systems utilize one or more off-axis parabolic (OAP) mirror to perform a geometrical transformation of the spherical surface to a flat rectilinear imaging coordinate grid such that the single scanning beam maintains a normal incidence across the curved field of view of the spherical body. The imaging methods and systems project the spherical surface to a Cartesian plane and then the remapped surface is rapidly imaged by raster-scanning an illumination beam in the rectangular coordinate such that the OAP mirror produces a rectilinear image of the target. The imaging of the spherical surface is accomplished while maintaining the target, illumination source, and detector in a stationary position. The imaging systems and methods may utilize a single source and a single detector, and may incorporate a THz illumination source.

Abstract: Precipitation of a carbohydrate, such as trehalose, in a solution is prevented by mixing an effective amount of at least one antifreeze protein with the carbohydrate in the solution, wherein the antifreeze protein is in whole or in part one of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, and SEQ ID NO: 4, and the antifreeze protein mass to the carbohydrate mass is between about 1:8000 and 1:30. The method is especially useful for improving the applications of a carbohydrate, such as trehalose, and the quality of the carbohydrate-containing products in industries by preventing crystallization of the carbohydrate in formulations and products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating a patient suffering from or predisposed to hyperphosphatemia, which contains Mg—Fe—Cl HCln. In one embodiment, the Mg—Fe—Cl HCln is shown in formula (I). The phosphorus uptaking capacity of the pharmaceutical composition is greater than 100 ppm/(g/L). The present invention further provides a method for treating a patient suffering from or predisposed to hyperphosphatemia by using said pharmaceutical composition. The present invention further provides a method of manufacturing the pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: An aqueous approach to synthesize capped SnS quantum dots (QDs) followed by optional capping molecule extension by attaching one or more extending molecules to the capping molecule via peptide bond formation at elevated temperature. The capped SnS QDs may have a capping molecule:Sn:S molar ratio of 16:3:1 to 16:12:1. A suspension of SnS QDs was heat-treated at 200° C. for 0.5-4 hrs. The obtained SnS QDs showed an NIR emission peak at 820-835 nm with an excitation wavelength at 690 nm. The as synthesized SnS QDs were found to have high positive zeta potential of ˜30 mV and thus were toxic to cells. By neutralizing the SnS QDs the cytotoxicity was reduced to an accepted level. The heat-treatment step can be obviated by adding a glycerol solution containing S2? anions and capping molecule to a glycerol solution of Sn2+ ions.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a primary probe that includes a substrate; an ultrasound transducer disposed in the substrate to irradiate a first tissue with an ultrasound frequency; a first near infrared source to irradiate the first tissue with a first near infrared wavelength; and a first light detector to detect a first detected wavelength from the first tissue; an auxiliary probe that includes a second near infrared source configured to irradiate a second tissue with a second near infrared wavelength; and a second light detector configured to detect a second detected wavelength from the second tissue. The system also can include an optical tomography device; an ultrasound device; and a processor unit. A process for imaging includes disposing the primary probe on a first tissue, disposing an auxiliary probe on a second tissue, irradiating the first tissue, and irradiating the second tissue to produce an image of the first tissue.

Abstract: A photonically-assisted cyclostationary analyzer eliminates the need for high-bandwidth digitization and real-time Fourier processors by using mutually-coherent frequency combs to generate a Fourier representation of the received signal in a computation-free manner.

Abstract: A probe for detecting bacteria and/or fungi in vitro and in vivo is provided, the probe having a core and a plurality of probe elements; each probe element within the plurality of probe elements extending from the core and having a fluorophore and a binding moiety, wherein the binding moiety is a bacteria binding moiety and selectively binds to bacteria and/or to fungi and not to animal cells. Methods of use of the probe and kits comprising the probe are also provided.

Abstract: The invention in aspects relates to methods of treating sepsis using HDL-NP. The methods include the use of nanoparticles having a core and a lipid based shell with optimal lipids therein.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell includes a junction, formed from an n-type semiconductor material and a p-type semiconductor material, a trench, opening toward the light-incident side of the junction, for trapping reflected light, and two photon conversion layers. A first photon conversion layer, arranged at the light-incident side of the junction, converts photons from a higher energy to a lower energy suitable for absorption by the semiconductor material, and a second photon conversion layer, arranged at the opposite side of the junction, converts photons from a lower energy to a higher energy suitable for absorption by the semiconductor material.

Abstract: Methods and engineered yeast cells for generating a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid product are provided herein. A method comprises providing engineered yeast cells and a feedstock to a reactor. In the reactor, the engineered yeast cells are subjected to fermentation by incubating the engineered yeast cells for a time period to produce a solution comprising the BIA product and cellular material. The solution comprises not more than one class of molecule selected from the group of protoberberine, morphinan, isopavine, aporphine, and benzylisoquinoline. Additionally, at least one separation unit is used to separate the BIA product from the cellular material to provide the product stream comprising the BIA product.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for the identification of chemical agents and determination of their level of exposure using electrochemical detection and advanced signal processing. In one aspect, a method includes collecting a sample from a surface containing a chemical agent to an electrode on a sensor such that the chemical agent transfers on the electrode, detecting an electrochemical signal of the chemical agent on the electrode to transduce chemical information associated with the chemical agent to an electrical signal, processing the electrical signal to obtain electrochemical spectral signature data to identify the chemical agent and generating a series of coefficients of the electrochemical spectral signature data to reduce the data, and classifying the chemical information based on the series of coefficients among preselected data sets to determine a level of exposure to the chemical agent.

Abstract: A process for preparation of a bicyclic fused-ring alkane. In the presence of a bifunctional solid catalyst, one or more cyclitols undergo a C—C coupling reaction with itself or each other at a temperature and in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, to produce a bicyclic alkane precursor mixture; then, the nitrogen gas is replaced by hydrogen gas, and the bicyclic alkane precursor mixture is hydrogenated or hydrodeoxygenated at a temperature and under a pressure, to produce the bicyclic fused-ring alkane. The proportion of the bicyclic fused-ring alkane in the product as prepared according to the process is not lower than 80 wt %.

Abstract: Seroprotection analysis systems, kits, and techniques are described for testing oral fluid for the presence of protective levels of antibodies of interest. In one aspect, the presence of protective levels of target antibodies indicates a test subject has achieved a target seroprotection level, such as but not limited to a target seroprotection level following vaccination. A collection kit can include a swab that enables collection of oral fluid containing antibodies from both dentulous and edentulous individuals, a container that can be pre-filled with an extraction solution, and a nozzle that can be coupled to the container to form a fluid-tight device. A user can use the nozzle to seal the swab in the container and to compress the swab within the container.