Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The controller is configured to generate a first mapping portion and a second mapping portion, where the first mapping portion and the second mapping portion correspond to a same data set, and where the first mapping portion and the second mapping portion includes one or more parity bits, receive an update for the same data set, update the first mapping portion and the second mapping portion based on the update, where the second mapping portion is updated non-concurrently to updating the first mapping portion, and where the updating includes flipping a parity bit of the one or more parity bits, and determine whether the one or more parity bits of the first mapping portion matches the one or more parity bits of the second mapping portion.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to an NVMe storage device having a controller memory manager and a method of accessing an NVMe storage device having a controller memory manager. In one embodiment, a storage device comprises a non-volatile memory, a volatile memory, and a controller memory manager. The controller memory manager is operable to store one or more NVMe data structures within the non-volatile memory and the volatile memory.

Abstract: A data storage device processes a mixed workload including a plurality of superblocks to be written to and read from a plurality of memory dies, where each of the plurality of superblocks to be apportioned among the plurality of memory dies. The data storage device writes a first data stripe associated with a first superblock to the plurality of memory dies according to a sequential write pattern, and reads the first data stripe associated with the first superblock from the plurality of memory dies according to a sequential read pattern. The sequential write pattern causes the controller to write to the plurality of memory dies in a first order of memory dies. The sequential read pattern causes the controller to read from the plurality of memory dies in a second order of memory dies different from the first order of memory dies, thereby reducing read collisions.

Abstract: A fan-out semiconductor device includes stacked semiconductor dies having die bond pads arranged in columns exposed at a sidewall of the stacked semiconductor dies. The stacked dies are encapsulated in a photo imageable dielectric (PID) material, which is developed to form through-hole cavities that expose the columns of bond pads of each die at the sidewall. The through-hole cavities are plated or filled with an electrical conductor to form conductive through-holes coupling die bond pads within the columns to each other.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to improved command processing by separating all state machines into multiple groups. Rather than having one general die that can process any command, this disclosure suggests distributed processing commands by having two types of dies. A slave die will contain the flash array and implementation of state machine that is related to fast operations, and will not include state machines of slow operations. A master die will contain implementation of fast state machine (to support fast commands to the flash array that connected to the master die) and implementation of slow command state machine. The master die will have one instance of the slow state machine implementation, but that slow state machine will be able to be loaded with variables that represent the slow states of all the other dies. The commands processing is based the most suitable state machine for the specific command.

Abstract: A data storage device and method for detecting malware on a data storage device. The device includes a non-volatile storage medium configured to store at least one file system control block and user data block(s) to store user data. The file system control block comprises at least one reference data structure. The data storage device further comprises a buffer to temporarily store user data. The data storage device further comprises a controller to scan each write command in the user data to be transferred for protocol commands or malicious data. The controller also stops the data transfer of user data from the buffer to the non-volatile storage medium if at least one of protocol commands or malicious data is detected in at least one write command.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods providing active time-based prioritization in host-managed stream devices. The method includes receiving a plurality of host commands from a host system. The method also includes computing active times of open memory regions. The method also includes determining one or more regions that have remained open for more than a threshold time period, based on the active times. The method also includes prioritizing one or more host commands from amongst the plurality of host commands for completion, the one or more host commands having corresponding logical addresses belonging to the one or more regions, thereby (i) minimizing risk to data and (ii) releasing resources corresponding to the one or more regions.

Abstract: A multiple-actuator hard disk drive includes a first actuator associated with a first logical unit and configured to operate on a first set of disk surfaces, a second actuator associated with a second logical unit and configured to operate on a second set of disk surfaces greater than the first set, and a controller accessing a mapping of logical memory addresses to physical memory locations. The mapping maps the first logical unit to the physical memory locations of the first set of surfaces and a parasitic portion of the second set of surfaces, and maps the second logical unit to the physical memory locations of the second set of surfaces exclusive of the parasitic portion of the second set of surfaces. Thus, data transfer commands performed on the parasitic portion are executed by one actuator while credit is given to the logical unit associated with the other actuator.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to aborting a command efficiently using the host memory buffer (HMB). The command contains pointers that direct the data storage device to various locations on the data storage device where relevant content is located. Once the abort command is received, the content of the host pointers stored in the data storage device RAM are changed to point to the HMB. The data storage device then waits until any already started transactions over the interface bus that are associated with the command have been completed. Thereafter, a failure completion command is posted to the host device.

Abstract: Example systems, read channels, and methods provide states equalization for a digital data signal in preparation for a soft output detector. The states equalizer determines a set of signal values from the digital data signal and filters the set of signal values through a set of finite impulse response filters configured to generate a set of state values for a target signal value, where each filter corresponds to a potential state of the target signal value. Based on the state values, a set of probabilities for possible states is determined and used to populate a decision matrix for a soft output detector.

Abstract: Providing constant fixed commands to memory dies within a data storage device may result in hardware and firmware overheads impacting the performance at a flash interface module (FIM) because the FIM has to handle both the constant fixed commands and the overheads associated with the constant fixed commands. To avoid the impact on performance at the FIM, multiple fixed commands may be combined into individual multi-commands that may be provided to the memory dies. The use of multi-commands reduces hardware and firmware overheads at the FIM relative to the constant fixed commands, which improves performance of the data storage device because the saturation of the FIM is decreased.

Abstract: A disk spindle assembly for a hard disk drive includes a hub and a hub flange extending radially from the hub and configured to apply a clamping force to secure disk media to the hub. The hub flange includes multiple protrusions extending from a surface of a top side and configured to contact a disk medium at multiple contact positions in response to application of a clamping load. The protrusions may be annular protrusions circumscribing the hub, where the height of an inner protrusion may be less than the height of an outer protrusion to inhibit coning of the bottom disk medium, and the protrusions may be positioned so that an equivalent contact radius corresponding to contact radii of the inner and outer annular protrusions is at a position halfway between the inner and outer diameters of the disk spacers to inhibit coning of the middle disk media.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to increasing data storage device lifetime by detecting synthetic PLP tests. Both upper and lower PLP time thresholds are set. When the PLP time is above the upper threshold, the data storage device is in a defensive PLP idle state. When the PLP time is between the upper and lower thresholds, the data storage device is in a defensive PLP detecting state. When the PLP time is below the lower threshold, the data storage device may enter the defensive PLP state if the number of times the PLP time is below the lower PLP time threshold either a consecutive number of times or a set number of times within a predefined window of time. While in the defensive PLP state, mounting is not completed and hence, a host device will not send any I/O commands and thus, not waste a PEC count.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to validating memory devices. Rather than using debug hardware (HW) to consume, record, and decode firmware (FW) events, standard non-volatile memory express (NVMe) asynchronous event request (AER) and NVMe asynchronous event notification (AEN) is used. The NVMe AER results in initiating a particular function to be performed by a device under test (DUT) and triggering a cross feature (CF) that should at least partially overlap in time with the particular function. Using NVMe AER and AEN will eliminate the need for debug HW, reduce FW custom logic, and reduce latency.

Abstract: A stack of alternating layers of dielectric and conductive materials are formed on a substrate. A first portion of the stack of alternating layers forms a plurality of blocks of NAND memory. A second portion of the stack of alternating layers forms a configurable capacitor structure. The configurable capacitor structure is configurable to form one or more capacitors of configurable capacitance.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to a magnetic recording head assembly that includes an external alternating current (AC) source. A magnetic recording head of the magnetic recording head assembly includes a conductive structure between a main pole and a trailing shield. The conductive structure includes a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is nonmagnetic. The magnetic recording head assembly also includes an external AC source to supply AC current that flows through the conductive structure. In one aspect, the conductive structure is between a coil structure and the trailing shield, and the external AC source is coupled to the coil structure. The conductive structure and the external AC source facilitate consistently providing an enhanced AC writing field to facilitate effective and reliable writing, high ADC, high SNR, and reduced jitter.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a cobalt-boron (CoB) layer for magnetic recording devices, memory devices, and storage devices. In one or more embodiments, the CoB layer is part of a spin-orbit torque (SOT) device. In one or more embodiments, the SOT device is part of an SOT based sensor, an SOT based writer, a memory device (such as a magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) device), and/or a storage device (such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a tape drive). In one embodiment, an SOT device includes a seed layer, and a cap layer spaced from the seed layer. The SOT device includes a spin-orbit torque (SOT) layer, and a nano layer (NL) between the seed layer and the cap layer. The SOT device includes a cobalt-boron (CoB) layer between the seed layer and the cap layer, and the CoB layer is ferromagnetic.

Abstract: A portable storage device is provided that includes a first heat sink and a second heat sink, and a printed circuit board disposed between the first heat sink and the second heat sink. The printed circuit board includes a top side, a bottom side, and a peripheral edge disposed between the top side and the bottom side, and a side-plated antenna disposed on the peripheral edge of the printed circuit board. The side-plated antenna is configured to transmit and receive radio frequency signals.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a memory device and a controller coupled to the memory device. The controller is configured to receive a read command to read data from the memory device or a write command to write data to the memory device from a host device, determine whether a bottleneck exists in a data/control path between the host device and the memory device, wherein the bottleneck exists in a hardware module of the plurality of hardware modules, and execute a bottleneck release operation when the bottleneck exists in the data/control path between the host device and the memory device, wherein the bottleneck release operation is dependent on whether the bottleneck exists in the input queue. The bottleneck release operation includes changing a clock of the hardware module, moving the command to a different hardware module configured to process the command, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to improved host memory buffer (HMB) segment selection at the initialization phase. Rather than selecting an HMB segment strictly on one parameter, the selection process will consider multiple factors of the HMB segments. Instead of just selecting a HMB segments based on the size of the HMB segment, the data storage device will perform some basic performance measurements on the provided HMB segments before selecting HMB segments. The selection will be based also on the performance results from the various experiments. The experiments are performed in the initialization phase so the performance of the solid state drive (SSD) will not be impacted. The basic experiments include read, write, and mixed operations toward the HMB segments while measuring the performance and QoS.