Abstract: A processor-implemented method includes: generating first input data comprising phase information of an input image; generating second input data in which lens position information is encoded; and determining position information of a lens corresponding to autofocus by inputting the first input data and the second input data to a neural network model.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable mediums for playing a plurality of streams. In some embodiments, an electronic apparatus includes a decoder configured to decode the plurality of streams, a plurality of buffers divided into a plurality of buffer groups corresponding to the plurality of streams, a first processor configured to acquire one frame, and at least one second processor. The at least one second processor is configured to identify an additional use rate of the first processor sufficient for playing an additional stream, and control the first processor to downscale at least one of the additional stream and each of the plurality of streams, based on a second determination that the additional use rate of the first processor exceeds the available use rate of the first processor.

Abstract: A display panel may include a light emitting element including a light emitting layer and a sensor including a photosensitive layer on a substrate. The light emitting element and the sensor each may include respective portions of first and second common auxiliary layers, which may be continuous under and over the light emitting layer and the photosensitive layer. The first and second common auxiliary layers respectively may include a hole transport material and an electron transport material. The photosensitive layer may include first and second semiconductor layers close to the first and second common auxiliary layers, respectively. The first and second semiconductor layers respectively may include a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor. The second semiconductor layer may have an uneven surface facing the second common auxiliary layer and may have an average roughness (Rq) of greater than or equal to about 5 nm.

Abstract: A method of user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system. The method comprises receiving, from a base station (BS), a downlink signal including position information for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of a short physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), determining, based on the position information, a position of the OFDM symbols of the short PUCCH included in a slot, and transmitting, to the BS, the short PUCCH using the OFDM symbols based on the determined position.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present invention presents a method for efficiently estimating a physical channel and, according to the present invention, a terminal of a communication system receives a synchronization signal from a base station, receives a broadcast channel from the base station, and can estimate the broadcast channel on the basis of the synchronization signal.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a communication method performed by a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication network, the communication method including: receiving, from a plurality of sidelink (SL) synchronization sources, at least one sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS), based on priority order information; and performing V2X communication based on the received at least one SLSS.

Abstract: An electronic device according to various embodiments may include: a first frame at least partially exposed to an outside of the electronic device and comprising a metal material, a flexible printed circuit board at least a portion of which is disposed adjacent to the first frame, a first connector electrically connecting the flexible printed circuit board and a main board of the electronic device, a bendable second connector electrically connecting the flexible printed circuit board and the first frame, a bolt including a bolt body extending through a groove formed in the second connector to be bolt-coupled to a bolt groove formed in the first frame and a bolt head formed integrally with the bolt body and disposed in a first direction with respect to the first frame, a plate disposed adjacent to the bolt head of the bolt and coupled to the first frame in the first direction to allow the bolt body of the bolt to be maintained in a state of being coupled to the bolt groove formed in the first frame, and an int

Abstract: An apparatus for beam management includes a transceiver configured to receive configuration information for one or more transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states and corresponding channels, receive one or more TCI state identifiers (IDs) on a channel for conveying TCI state IDs from among the corresponding channels, and transmit an acknowledgement message in response to the reception of the one or more TCI state IDs. The apparatus further includes a processor configured to determine, based on the one or more TCI state IDs, TCI states for data and control channels, respectively, from among the corresponding channels, and update spatial filters for the data and control channels based on the determined TCI states for the data channels and the control channels, respectively. The transceiver is further configured to receive the data channels and the control channels based on the updated spatial filters for the data and the control channels, respectively.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a communication circuit, a memory, and a processor configured to identify an occurrence of a conference event for establishing a conference call in which a plurality of external electronic devices participate, identify whether at least one of the plurality of external electronic devices is anonymous, generate an identification key to be mutually shared by a pair of an anonymous electronic device among the plurality of external electronic devices and the electronic device and transmit the identification key to the anonymous electronic device through the communication circuit when the at least one of the plurality of external electronic devices is anonymous, and generate the conference call in which the plurality of external electronic devices participate.

Abstract: A supporter for electronic parts includes: an adsorption plate which is attached to an upper surface of a first electronic part among the first electronic part and a second electronic part where the first electronic part and a second electronic part are spaced apart from each other on a plane; and a supporting member which includes 1) a first support part which supports a lower surface of the second electronic part and 2) a connection part which connects the adsorption plate and the first support part. On the plane, about 70-90% of the area of the first support part is overlapped with the second electronic part.

Abstract: A light emitting display device includes a light emitting diode including a first electrode and a second electrode to which a driving voltage is applied, a driving transistor, a second transistor receiving a data voltage and connected to a D node, a storage capacitor connected to the driving transistor and an N node, a hold capacitor connected to the D node and the N node, a third transistor connected to the D node and the driving transistor, a fourth transistor receiving a reference voltage and connected to the driving transistor, a fifth transistor connected to the driving transistor and the N node, a sixth transistor receiving a driving low voltage and connected to the driving transistor, a seventh transistor receiving an initialization voltage and connected the driving transistor, and an eighth transistor connected to the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light emitting diode.

Abstract: A PCB includes a plurality of layers spaced apart in a vertical direction, a first detection pattern and a second detection pattern and pads connected to the first detection pattern and the second detection pattern. The first detection pattern and the second detection pattern are provided in a respective one of a first layer and a second layer adjacent to each other such that the first detection pattern and the second detection pattern are opposed to each other. The pads are provided in an outmost layer. Each of the first detection pattern and the second detection includes at least one main segment extending in at least one of first and second horizontal directions and a diagonal direction. A time domain reflectometry connected to a pair of pads detects a misalignment of the PCB by measuring differential characteristic impedance of the first detection pattern and the second detection pattern.

Abstract: A method for managing sleep duration in a 5th Generation (5G) and a user equipment (UE) are provided. The method includes sending, by the UE, a plurality of data packets to a network in a connected mode discontinuous reception (cDRX) cycle and detecting, by the UE, an initiation of a retransmission timer associated with the plurality of data packets. The method includes determining, by the UE, if a retransmission of at least one data packet the plurality of data packets is required, and causing, by the UE, to sleep before an expiry of the retransmission timer, in response to determining that the retransmission of the at least one data packet of the plurality of data packets is not required.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment (UE) comprises receiving configuration information about a channel state information (CSI) report associated with NRRH>1 remote radio heads (RRHs), wherein: NRRH=a number of RRHs, each RRH r=1, . . . , NRRH comprises a group of CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) ports, and the configuration information includes, for each RRH r=1, . . . , NRRH, information about at least one CSI-RS resource; and for each RRH r=1, . . . , NRRH: measuring the at least one CSI-RS resource, and determining, based on the measured at least one CSI-RS resource, whether a CSI-RS resource for RRH r is a channel measurement resource (CMR) or an interference measurement resource (IMR); generating the CSI report based on whether each CSI-RS resource among the measured at least one CSI-RS resource for each RRH is determined as a CMR or an IMR; and transmitting the CSI report.

Abstract: A display device and a method of driving a display device are disclosed.

Abstract: A receiver that receives a multi-level signal includes a pre-amplifier circuit, a slicer circuit and a decoder circuit. The pre-amplifier circuit generates a plurality of intermediate data signals based on an input data signal and a plurality of reference voltages. The slicer circuit generates a plurality of decision signals based on the plurality of intermediate data signals and a clock signal. The decoder circuit generates output data based on the plurality of decision signals. The pre-amplifier circuit includes a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit generates one of the plurality of intermediate data signals based on the input data signal and one of the plurality of reference voltages, and has a first structure. The second circuit generates another one of the plurality of intermediate data signals based on the input data signal and another one of the plurality of reference voltages, and has a second structure different from the first structure.

Abstract: Provided is a method of decoding a video according to an embodiment, the method including determining at least one processing block for splitting the video; determining an order of determining at least one largest coding unit in the at least one processing block; determining at least one largest coding unit on the basis of the determined order; and decoding the determined at least one largest coding unit, wherein the order is one of a plurality of orders for determining a largest coding unit.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). A method of a user equipment is provided. The method includes identifying a first bandwidth part for a cell and a second bandwidth part for the cell through radio resource control signaling; identifying a first control resource set on the first bandwidth part and a second control resource set on the second bandwidth part through the radio resource control signaling; and acquiring downlink control information for the second bandwidth part based on the first control resource set on the first bandwidth part being activated. A bandwidth part indicator, a frequency domain resource assignment, and a time domain resource assignment are included in the downlink control information.

Abstract: Provided are a video decoding method and apparatus and a video encoding method and apparatus which determine whether to use a Most Probable Mode (MPM) list, based on encoding information of a current block, obtain, from a bitstream, intra prediction mode index information indicating one of candidate intra prediction modes included in the MPM list, and determine an intra prediction mode of the current block by using the obtained intra prediction mode index information.

Abstract: A method is provided and includes forming a first conductive pattern; forming a photosensitive layer on the first conductive pattern, the photosensitive layer having a first through hole exposing a portion of the first conductive pattern; forming a first via in the first through hole; removing the photosensitive layer; forming a dielectric layer encapsulating the first conductive pattern and the first via, the dielectric layer exposing a top surface of the first via; forming a second conductive pattern on the top surface of the first via, forming a dielectric layer covering the second conductive pattern; etching the dielectric layer to form a second through hole that exposes a portion of the second conductive pattern; forming a second via filling the second through hole and an under bump pad on the second via; and mounting a semiconductor chip on the under bump pad using a connection terminal.

Abstract: A system and method of generating a control message of a digital unit (DU) of a base station in a wireless communication system supporting lower layer function division, and a system and method of processing a control message of a radio unit (RU) of the base station are provided. The system and method provide an RU of the base station that does not need to analyze the subframe structure in association with other control plane sections, such that processing time and processing complexity can be reduced.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a third insulating pattern and a first insulating pattern on a substrate, the third insulating pattern and the first insulating pattern being spaced apart from each other in a first direction that is perpendicular to the substrate such that a bottom surface of the third insulating pattern and a top surface of the first insulating pattern face each other, a gate electrode between the bottom surface of the third insulating pattern and the top surface of the first insulating pattern, and including a first side extending between the bottom surface of the third insulating pattern and the top surface of the first insulating pattern, and a second insulating pattern that protrudes from the first side of the gate electrode by a second width in a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment (UE) comprises receiving channel state information (CSI) reporting configuration information including a CSI reporting band and a frequency granularity of CSI reporting, where the CSI reporting band is within a bandwidth part (BWP) comprising M physical resource blocks (PRBs), and the frequency granularity of CSI reporting is based on whether M<N, where N is a threshold; identifying the frequency granularity of CSI reporting; generating a CSI report with the identified frequency granularity, wherein the CSI report includes at least one of a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) and a channel quality indicator (CQI); and transmitting the CSI report over an uplink (UL) channel.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication technique which combines a 5G communication system, for supporting a higher data transmission rate than 4G systems, with IoT technology, and a system for same. The present invention may be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, smart retailers, security and safety-related services, or the like) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology. The present disclosure relates to a method and device for performing an efficient handover, without the suspension of data transmission and reception, upon handover in a next generation mobile communication system.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for transmitting a message in an electronic device are provided. The method for transmitting a hidden message includes displaying one or more hiding frames in an input message display area of a display, and transmitting a message including information on the hiding frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for handling dynamic group creation in a vehicle to everything (V2X) system is provided. The method includes assigning, by a first server, a link layer identifier corresponding to a dynamic group information, sending, by the first server, a push request including the link layer identifier corresponding to the dynamic group information to a first V2X user equipment (UE) from a plurality of V2X UEs, receiving, by the first V2X UE, the link layer identifier corresponding to the dynamic group information, storing, by the first V2X UE, the link layer identifier corresponding to the dynamic group information.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an electronic device may include: a power management module; a USB connection terminal; a processor operably connected to the power management module and the USB connection terminal; and a memory operably connected to the processor. The memory may store instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: provide, in response to connection with an external electronic device through the USB connection terminal, fast charging related information to the external electronic device; obtain power based on the fast charging related information from the external electronic device; perform a fast charging operation through the power management module based on the obtained power; determine to enter a first mode for data communication with the external electronic device; and determine whether fast charging is possible in the external electronic device based on the obtained power and an entry into the first mode by the electronic device and the external electronic device.

Abstract: A memory device includes: a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells; and a page buffer circuit provided in a page buffer region including a main region and a cache region provided in a first horizontal direction, and including a first page buffer unit and a second page buffer unit adjacent to each other in a second horizontal direction in the main region. A first sensing node of the first page buffer unit includes a first lower metal pattern, and a first upper metal pattern, and electrically connected to the first lower metal pattern. A second sensing node of the second page buffer unit includes a second lower metal pattern, and a second upper metal pattern, electrically connected to the second lower metal pattern, and not adjacent to the first upper metal pattern in the second horizontal direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for combining, with IoT technology, a 5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate than a 4G system, and a system therefor. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services, such as smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail businesses, security and safety related services, and the like on the basis of 5G communication technologies and IoT-related technologies. A method of a transmitting terminal, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: receiving, from a receiving terminal, channel state information (CSI) determined on the basis of channel busy ratio (CBR) information, and the CBR information; determining a transmission parameter on the basis of the CSI; and transmitting the transmission parameter to the receiving terminal.

Abstract: Provided is a method of decoding a video according to an embodiment, the method including determining at least one processing block for splitting the video; determining an order of determining at least one largest coding unit in the at least one processing block; determining at least one largest coding unit on the basis of the determined order; and decoding the determined at least one largest coding unit, wherein the order is one of a plurality of orders for determining a largest coding unit.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel which includes a compensation area, an image processing device, a timing controller which includes an average luminance decrease rate calculator which calculates an average luminance decrease rate, a luminance decrease rate calculator which calculates a luminance decrease rate for the compensation area, and a data compensator which generates output image data by applying the luminance decrease rate for the compensation area to the input image data, and a data driver which provides data voltages generated based on the output image data to the display panel.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information includes: identifying a type of omission motion information not included in a bitstream from among a plurality of pieces of motion information used to decode a current block that is inter predicted; obtaining the omission motion information by using a predetermined method; and decoding the current block based on the plurality of pieces of motion information including the obtained omission motion information.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving control information and data information in a wireless communication system, and in an embodiment of the disclosure, a method of identifying transmission timing of a terminal in a wireless communication system includes receiving a first signal from a base station, determining whether an out-of-order hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process occurs, determining transmission timing of a second signal, which is a response to the first signal, to include a processing time of the out-of-order HARQ process when the out-of-order HARQ process occurs, and transmitting the second signal at the determined transmission timing.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided to detect a connection of a first wireless audio device and a second wireless audio device, identify whether a wearer of the first wireless audio device and a wearer of the second wireless audio device are different, based on a first sensor signal received from the first wireless audio device and a second sensor signal received from the second wireless audio device, execute an audio sharing mode, based on the wearer of the first wireless audio device and the wearer of the second wireless audio device being different, control configuration information about the first and the second wireless audio device that are related to a function of the audio sharing mode, and transmit audio data according to the audio sharing mode to the first wireless audio device and the second wireless audio device, based on the configuration information.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for reduced physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring in a wireless communication system. A method for operating a user equipment includes receiving a configuration for one or more search space sets. The one or more search space sets provide parameters for one or more candidate PDCCH receptions. The method includes determining a first number of candidate PDCCH receptions for a first number of more than one consecutive slots. A candidate PDCCH reception is over a number of control channel elements (CCEs). The first number of candidate PDCCH receptions over a corresponding number of CCEs does not exceed a capability corresponding to the first number of more than one consecutive slots for a maximum number of candidate PDCCH receptions over a corresponding maximum number of non-overlapped CCEs. The method further includes receiving the first number of candidate PDCCH receptions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device. The electronic device includes: an audio output device comprising circuitry configured to output a sound; a microphone; and a processor configured to control, based on a content being selected, the audio output device to output an audio signal corresponding to the content using a sound compensation value, wherein the processor is configured to: extract, based on a sound corresponding to the content being output from the audio output device and input to the microphone, characteristic information from the sound input to the microphone, calculate a sound compensation value based on the extracted characteristic information, and update the sound compensation value with the calculated sound compensation value.

Abstract: Provided is a micromechanical resonator including a support beam including a first portion supported on a support member and a second portion spaced apart from the first portion in a length direction of the support beam, and a piezoelectric sensing portion provided between the first portion and the second portion and connecting the first portion to the second portion.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes: a semiconductor on insulator (SOI) substrate layer including a base substrate layer, an insulating substrate layer, and a cover substrate layer; a semiconductor substrate layer; a plurality of first fin-type active areas and a plurality of second fin-type active areas each defined by a plurality of trenches, and extending in a first horizontal direction, in above the SOI substrate layer and the semiconductor substrate layer, respectively; a plurality of nanosheet stacked structures comprising nanosheets extending in parallel with each other and spaced apart from upper surfaces of the plurality of first fin-type active areas and the plurality of second fin-type active areas; a plurality of first source/drain regions extending into the SOI substrate layer; and a plurality of second source/drain regions extending into the semiconductor substrate layer. Lower surfaces of the first and second source/drain regions may not be coplanar with each other.

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device may include establishing a connection between a host and the storage device, detecting a crash of the storage device, suspending, based on detecting the crash, processing commands from the host through the connection, recovering from the crash of the storage device, and resuming, based on recovering from the crash, processing commands from the host through the connection. The method may further include notifying the host of the crash based on detecting the crash of the storage device. Notifying the host may include sending an asynchronous event notification to the host through the connection. Notifying the host may include asserting a controller status indicator. The method may further include receiving a reset from the host, and resetting a storage interface based on receiving the reset from the host. The method may further include maintaining the connection through a communication interlace.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a first substrate including a first region and a second region, a stacked structure only on the first region of the first substrate among the first region and the second region of the first substrate, the stacked structure including word lines, an interlayer insulating film covering the stacked structure, a dummy conductive structure inside the interlayer insulating film, the dummy conductive structure extending through the stacked structure to contact the first substrate, and a plate contact plug inside the interlayer insulating film, the plate contact plug being connected to the second region of the first substrate, and a height of an upper surface of the dummy conductive structure being greater than a height of an upper surface of the plate contact plug relative to an upper surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: A computing method and device with data sharing are provided. The method includes loading, by a loader, input data of an input feature map stored in a memory in loading units according to a loading order, storing, by a buffer controller, the loaded input data in a reuse buffer of an address rotationally allocated according to the loading order, and transmitting, by each of a plurality of senders, to an executer respective input data corresponding to each output data of respective convolution operations among the input data stored in the reuse buffer, wherein portions of the transmitted respective input data overlap other.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes: a frame substrate having a plurality of wiring layers and a cavity; an adhesive member disposed at the bottom of the cavity; a semiconductor chip disposed in the cavity, with a connection pad on an upper surface and the lower surface in contact with the adhesive member; a first conductive bump disposed on the connection pad; a second conductive bump disposed on the uppermost of the plurality of wiring layers; an insulating post disposed in the cavity and whose lower surface contacts the adhesive member; an encapsulant filling the cavity and covering side surfaces of the first and second conductive bumps and the insulating post' and a redistribution structure disposed on the encapsulant, including a redistribution layer electrically connected to the first and second conductive bumps, wherein the insulating post includes a material having a greater hardness than that of the first and second conductive bumps.

Abstract: A latch circuit and an equalizer including the same are provided. The equalizer includes: an even data path configured to receive a reception data signal and including a first summing circuit and a first latch circuit; and an odd data path configured to receive the reception data signal and including a second summing circuit and a second latch circuit. An even data signal output from the first latch circuit is configured to be input to the second summing circuit, and an odd data signal output from the second latch circuit is configured to be input to the first summing circuit. Each of the first latch circuit and the second latch circuit includes a latch and a multiplexer.

Abstract: Disclosed are an image sensor, a method of sensing an image, and an electronic device including the image sensor. The image sensor includes a pixel array including a plurality of pixels, a readout circuit to read out a plurality of pixel signals received from the pixel array; and a controller to provide control signals to the pixel array, which includes three or more regions, each of the three or more regions having different sizes and control a processing of the plurality of pixel signals read out from the readout circuit based on the control signals provided to the pixel array to obtain an image, wherein the image has a first resolution in a first region, among the three or more regions, and a second resolution in a second region, among the three or more regions, the second resolution being lower than the first resolution.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reporting CSI and selecting optimal beams using ML. The CSI report is sent to a gNB, which includes feedback parameters, computed and predicted using ML. The feedback parameters are computed using measurements performed using CSI-RS. Values of the feedback parameters likely at future, based on channel variation and the measurements, are pre-dieted using ML. The computed and predicted feedback parameters are included in the CSI report. Optimal CSI-RS resource allocation and optimal CSI reporting periodicity are determined using ML and sent to the gNB. The CSI report is encoded using the ML based model. The RSRP of the beams are predicted using ML for beam selection.

Abstract: A data slicer may include an input transistor configured to generate an internal output voltage based on an input voltage at an input node. An output node may be configured to output an output voltage based on the internal output voltage, and a feedback transistor may be configured to adjust the internal output voltage based on a correction voltage corresponding to output of the output node in a previous cycle.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device comprising a first fin pattern and a second fin pattern which are separated by a first isolation trench and extend in a first direction, a third fin pattern which is spaced apart from the first fin pattern in a second direction intersecting the first direction and extends in the first direction, a fourth fin pattern which is separated from the third fin pattern by a second isolation trench, a first gate structure which intersects the first fin pattern and has a portion extending along an upper surface of the first fin pattern, a second gate structure which intersects the second fin pattern and has a portion extending along an upper surface of the second fin pattern and a first element isolation structure which fills the second isolation trench and faces a short side of the first gate structure.

Abstract: A device may include a transceiver configured to access a communication network including a primary cell and a secondary cell, and a device controller configured to receive, on the secondary cell, scheduling information for the primary cell, and monitor a common search space for the primary cell. The device controller may be configured to selectively monitor the common search space for broadcast information. The device controller may be configured to selectively monitor the common search space based on a type of the common search space on the primary cell. A method may include scheduling, by a first scheduling mechanism, a primary cell, wherein the first scheduling mechanism comprises scheduling the primary cell by a secondary cell, scheduling, by a second scheduling mechanism, the primary cell, and deactivating the secondary cell based on switching from the first scheduling mechanism to the second scheduling mechanism. The second scheduling mechanism may include self-scheduling.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes transistors respectively including channel layers in a substrate, source electrodes and drain electrodes respectively contacting both sides of the channel layers, gate electrodes on the channel layers, and ferroelectrics layers between the channel layers and the gate electrodes. Electrical characteristics of the ferroelectrics layers of at least two of the transistors are different. Accordingly, threshold voltages of the transistors are different from each other.