Abstract: A process for the reduction of sulphur content in a FCC gasoline includes fractionation of the FCC gasoline into three fractions: a light fraction comprising 50-80% of the FCC gasoline, an intermediate boiling fraction comprising 10-30% of the FCC gasoline, and a heavy fraction comprising 5-20% of the FCC gasoline. The heaviest fraction is hydrotreated in the first bed of a hydrotreater at conditions that result in essentially total removal of the sulphur. The effluent from the first bed is quenched with the intermediate fraction. The combined oil stream is hydrotreated in a second and final bed in the hydrotreater at conditions that ensure the required overall sulphur reduction.

Abstract: A process for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of the multiple condensed ring heterocyclic organosulfur compounds and the ring opening of ring compounds present in petroleum and petrochemical streams. The process is conducted in the presence of hydrogen, one or more noble metal catalysts, and a hydrogen sulfide sorbent material.

Abstract: A lubricating base stock useful for forming lubricants such as a multigrade automotive oils, automatic transmission oils, greases and the like is prepared by hydroisomerizing a waxy hydrocarbon feed fraction having an initial boiling point in the 650-750.degree. F. range and an end point of at least 1050.degree. F., synthesized by a slurry Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis process. The hydroisomerization forms a hydroisomerate containing the desired base stock which is recovered, without dewaxing the hydroisomerate. The hydroisomerization is conducted at conditions effective to convert at least 67 wt. % of the 650-750.degree. F.+ waxy feed hydrocarbons to lower boiling hydrocarbons. When combined with a standard lubricant additive package, these base stocks have been formed into multigrade automotive crankcase oils, transmission oils and hydraulic oils meeting the specifications for these oils.

Abstract: Method for improving the yield of lighter components in heat-refining process of petroleum heavy oil, and additive used in the method. The heat-treatment in a heating unit is effected in the presence of at least one compound (I) having at least one mercapto alkylthio group: HS--C.sub.m H.sub.2m --S--, in which "m" is an integer of 2 to 4.

Abstract: A process for producing a lubricating oil basestock having at least 90 wt. % saturates and a VI of at least 105 by solvent extracting a feedstock to produce a raffinate, solvent dewaxing the raffinate, selectively hydroconverting the solvent dewaxed raffinate in a two step hydroconversion zone followed by a hydrofinishing zone and a dewaxing zone.

Abstract: A refinery stream such as a VGO is hydrocracking in a hydrocracking reaction zone within an integrated hydroconversion process. Effluent from the hydrocracking reaction zone is combined with a second refinery stream, and the blended stream hydrotreated in a hydrotreating reaction zone. The hydrocracked effluent serves as a heat sink for the hydrotreating reaction zone. The integrated reaction system provides a single hydrogen supply and recirculation system for use in two reaction systems.

Abstract: A process for concurrently fractionating and hydrotreating of a full range naphtha stream. The full boiling range naphtha stream is subjected to simultaneous hydrodesulfurization and splitting into a light boiling range naphtha and a heavy boiling range naphtha. The two boiling range naphthas are treated separately according to the amount of sulfur in each cut and the end use of each fraction.

Abstract: A composition including a solid substrate, a metal chelant, and a saturated hydrocarbon linker attached between the substrate and the chelant. The position is used in the method for removing from a liquid medium a metal having atomic number equal to or greater than 27, the method including the steps of passing the liquid medium through the composition that is in solid, particulate form and separating the medium from the composition.

Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-25 is prepared using an adamantane quaternary ammonium ion as a template.

Abstract: Cracked naphtha feeds such as FCC naphtha and coker naphtha are upgraded to produce chemical grade BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene with ethylbenzene) while co-producing a low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number. The cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha is processed by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably a zeolite such as ZSM-5 or zeolite beta with a hydrogenation component, preferably molybdenum. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product to permit a low sulfur gasoline of blending quality to be obtained with the BTX. The BTX can be extracted from the second stage effluent, preferably from a C.sub.6 -C.sub.8 fraction of this effluent.

Abstract: Gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon is treated with a scavenging compound comprising an oil soluble 1,3,5-trihexahydro-1,3,5-tert.-butyltriazine. The compound is an effective nonregenerated scavenger for oil field produced fluids, particularly sour hydrocarbon liquids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing carbonyl sulfide from a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock, said process comprising the steps of (a) passing said hydrocarbon feedstock over an absorbent material comprising nickel deposited on a support material wherein nickel is present as both nickel oxide and metallic nickel and wherein the absorbent material has been conditioned by passing an inert gas flow containing a minor amount of propylene; and (b) recovering a liquid hydrocarbon stream having substantially reduced carbonyl sulfide content.

Abstract: A process for producing light olefins, especially ethylene, propylene, isobutylene and isoamylene, together with high octane gasoline as by-product, comprises that petroleum hydrocarbons are contacted with phosphorus and rare earth containing high silica zeolite having a structure of pentasil catalysts and catalytically converted at a temperature of 480.degree. to 680.degree. C. and a pressure of 1.2.times.10.sup.5 to 4.0.times.10.sup.5 Pa, with a contact time of 0.1 to 6 seconds, a weight ratio of catalyst to feedstock of 4:1 to 20:1 and a weight ratio of steam to feedstock of 0.01:1 to 0.5:1.

Abstract: By controlling one or more properties of a gasoline fuel suitable for combustion in automobiles, the emissions of NOx, CO and/or hydrocarbons can be reduced. The preferred fuel for reducing all three such emissions has a Reid Vapor Pressure no greater than 7.5 psi (0.51 atm), essentially zero olefins, and a 50% D-86 Distillation Point greater than about 180.degree. F. (82.degree. C.) but less than 205.degree. F. (96.1.degree. C.

Abstract: A delayed coking process in which a flash zone gas oil stream from the bottom of the coker fractionator is upgraded by removing suspended solids and then hydroprocessing the stream to make it more attractive as a feed to a fluidized bed catalytic cracking unit or other processing unit. Removal of the solids allows the stream to be processed in a fixed bed catalytic hydrotreater without plugging of the catalyst bed.

Abstract: Hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon oils using solid heterogeneous catalyst and small amounts of oil-miscible compound, like molybdenum naphthenate, improves total pore volume properties of the catalyst.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking unit equipped with multiple feed injection points along the length of the riser is operated such that portions of the same fresh feed are charged to different feed injection points. Preferably, the hydrocarbon fresh feed can be split into two or more non-distinct fractions, with one fraction charged to the bottom injection point along the length of the riser reactor, and the remaining fractions charged to injection points progressively higher up along the length of the riser reactor with the temperature of the upper injection feed fractions being different from that of the lowest injection point fraction prior to entry into the FCC riser reactor. Hydrocarbon products from the cracking process can be recycled to one or more of the various injection points along the length of the riser.

Abstract: An improved wiped film evaporator (WFE) process for removing low molecular weight species from a hydrocarbyl mixture is disclosed, wherein partial oxidation of a hydrocarbyl mixture precedes the WFE step. Faster rates of distillation are achieved without significant deterioration of hydrocarbyl product properties. Such products can include carbon fiber precursor materials. Similar faster rates are provided by adding higher softening point hydrocarbyl materials with or without prior partial oxidation.

Abstract: An improved method for detoxifying waste materials contaminated with halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons is disclosed. The method provides for detoxification of halogenated aromatic compounds by electrophilic aromatic substitution. The method also provides for the dehalogenation of the lower congeners of such halogenated aromatic compounds, as a result of chemical activation via electrophilic aromatic substitution, followed by nucleophilic aromatic dehalogenation. In addition, the method provides for the more complete dehalogenation of mixtures of halogenated aromatic compounds that contain both higher and lower congeners by increasing the efficiency of dehalogenation of the lower congeners.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon oil contaminated with suspended solid particles and dissolved metallic compounds, comprising the contacting of the oil at an elevated temperature in the presence of hydrogen with porous inorganic oxide particles having a surface area of 1 m.sup.2 /g or less and a pore volume of at least 0.1 ml/g in pores having a diameter of at least 10 microns.