Abstract: A coating process in which an article to be coated is immersed as an anode in a dispersion of a film-forming material stabilized by non-ionic stabilization and an electric current is passed between the anode and another electrode immersed in the dispersion. The dispersion is destabilized in the region of and is deposited on the anode by interaction between a moiety providing the non-ionic stabilization (e.g. of polyethylene glycol) and a further interactive moiety (e.g. carboxyl groups present in polymethacrylic acid) present in the dispersion. Suitable coating compositions and coated articles are defined.

Abstract: A mixture containing 35 to 65% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 30 to 60% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 1.5 to 4% by weight of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, and 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of carbon, the balance being unavoidable impurities, is melted, and amorphous fibers are formed from said molten material by blowing or spinning. The fibers are heated rapidly to a temperature of 950.degree. C. to 1,150.degree. C., held at that temperature for several to about a dozen minutes, and cooled rapidly to ordinary room temperature.

Abstract: The conductivity of a wide range of carbon-containing materials is substantially increased by irradiation with particles having an atomic mass of at least 1. Both polymeric and nonpolymeric, organic and inorganic, materials can be used. The particulate irradiation, for example an ion beam, substantially breaks down the material to a form that includes amorphous carbon having unusually high conductivity. Resistivities of less than 10.sup.-3 ohm-cm are possible. When applied as a film on a substrate, the irradiated material can be used for device interconnects. Conducting lines can be produced in the film, as well as vertical contacts through the film.

Abstract: An improved solar-selective layer and method for producing the same on suitable substrates is discussed. In accordance with this invention, a metal layer is first of all deposited on a suitable substrate of a collector and is then oxidized at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: Coating compositions comprising a polymeric polyol with a polyester crosslinking agent having at least two gamma and/or delta-hydroxyester groups per molecule are disclosed. The compositions, when applied to a substrate and cured in the presence of a transesterification catalyst, give solvent-resistant coatings.

Abstract: Process for functionalizing saturated hydrocarbons selectively in the terminal position comprising:(a) reacting said saturated hydrocarbons of the formula:RHwhere:H represents a hydrogen atom, andR represents a saturated hydrocarbon radical,with a metal complex of the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 H.sub.2where:Cp represents a pentamethylated cyclopentadienyl radical,Rh represents a rhodium atom,P represents a phosphorous atom,Me represents a methyl group,H represents a hydrogen atom,in the presence of ultraviolet radiation at a temperature maintained at about -60.degree. to -17.degree. C. to form a hydridoalkyl complex of the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 RH(b) reacting said hydridoalkyl complex with a haloform of the formula:CHX.sub.3where:X represents a bromine, iodine or chlorine atom,at a temperature in the range of about -60.degree. to -17.degree. C. to form the corresponding haloalkyl complex of step (a) having the formula:CpRhPMe.sub.3 RX; and,(c) reacting said haloalkyl complex formed in (b) with halogen (X.sub.

Abstract: The invention includes in its scope a method for electrochemically reacting a liquid with a gas in an electrochemical cell of the type having at least two electrodes separated by a liquid permeable separator. At least one of said electrodes is in physical contact with the separator and is porous and self-draining. A gas is flowed into at least a portion of the pores of the self-draining electrode and a liquid is controllably flowed through the separator and into the self-draining electrode at a rate about equal to the drainage rate of the electrode and in a quantity sufficient to fill only a portion of the electrode pores. The liquid and the gas are electrochemically reacted to form at least one nonvolatile product. Thereafter, the products of the electrochemical reaction are removed from said self-draining electrode.

Abstract: An aluminum article is protected against electrochemical corrosive attack by an aqueous medium with which the article is at least partially in contact by the steps of observing the cathodic potential of the article relative to a reference electrode in contact with the medium; when the observed cathodic potential of said article approaches the potential at which pitting corrosion of the same is initiated, electrically connecting said article directly to a source of potential electronegative with respect to the observed potential of the article to repress the cathodic potential of said article to within the alkali corrosion range; and after the cathodic potential is repressed within the alkali corrosion range, disconnecting the article from said electronegative potential source to allow the article to gradually return to its natural cathodic potential in the medium.

Abstract: In the process of electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal halide solutions to produce hypohalite, halogen, halate and/or perhalate, the improvement comprising operating the electrolysis at least intermittently at a pressure less than 0.7 atmosphere, preferably sodium chloride solutions.

Abstract: Nacreous pigments having improved light fastness are based on mica flakes coated with metal oxides, wherein the metal oxide layer is formed as a homogeneous mixed layer in which, in addition to titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide and iron oxide are also present. To produce these pigments, mica is coated in an aqueous suspension by coprecipitation of a titanium dioxide hydrate, iron hydroxide and silicon dioxide to form a uniform layer. The flakes are then washed, dried and calcined.The pigments can be used for the pigmenting of plastics, lacquers, paints and toiletries.

Abstract: A process for producing a thin tin and zinc plated steel sheet which comprises electroplating zinc on a steel sheet from a zinc electroplating bath containing zinc ions followed by tin-plating the zinc plated steel sheet by immersion or by immersion followed by electroplating in a tinplating bath containing stannous ions, whereby zinc ions from the zinc plated steel sheet replace the stannous ions in the tinplating solution during the immersion tinplating. The resultant solution from the tinplating which contains zinc ions is recycled to make up the zinc electroplating bath.

Abstract: Vibratable, monolithic refractory mixes useful to form linings for receptacles and related apparatus components used to handle or treat molten metal, such as ladles, tundishes, troughs and runners, including novel binders therefor.

Abstract: A spectacle glass which is colorless in the visible spectrum range, not transmissive in the ultraviolet spectrum range below 350 nm, has a refractive index n.sub.d higher than 1.56 and an Abbe number of more than 45, and which has an extremely low density, has the following composition (in % by weight):______________________________________ 12-40 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 13-34 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 8-30 SiO.sub.2 0-16 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 4-12 TiO.sub.2 0-4 ZrO.sub.2 2-18 CaO 0-4 MgO 0-15 Na.sub.2 O 0-11 K.sub.2 O 0-6 Li.sub.2 O 0-12 Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 0-8 ZnO.

Abstract: Carbon monoxide is removed from feedstreams by a process which comprises contacting the feedstream with a solution of a cuprous fluorinated acetylacetonate in an organic solvent containing a stabilizing agent to remove CO by forming a first cuprous complex, decomposing the first cuprous complex whereby the stabilizing agent which replaces CO in the first cuprous complex to form a second cuprous complex, and separating the displaced CO. The formation of the second cuprous complex avoids any deposition of copper metal upon heating.

Abstract: Production of an acidic ferric sulphate from ferrous sulphate heptahydrate by drying the heptahydrate at a temperature within the range 40.degree. to 50.degree. C. and then at a temperature of from 54.degree. to 65.degree. C. to produce a partially dehydrated product containing from 3.8 to 5.2 mols H.sub.2 O prior to oxidizing at a temperature of 150.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. to produce a product containing at least 85% by weight of the ferrous iron converted to ferric iron. The oxidized product is treated with sulphuric acid to introduce at least 1.5:1 of SO.sub.4 :Fe.sup.3+. The product is eminently suitable for the treatment of domestic sewage.

Abstract: A process for producing hydrogen from formate and water by photogenerating an active formate decomposition catalyst from a transition metal complex having a formula RMn(CO).sub.3 is disclosed. The preferred catalysts are CH.sub.3 C.sub.5 H.sub.4 Mn(CO).sub.3 and C.sub.5 H.sub.5 Mn(CO).sub.3. This process overcomes the slower reaction rates when utilizing Group VIb hexacarbonyl compounds, Cr(CO).sub.6, Mo(CO).sub.6, or W(CO).sub.6 as active formate decomposition catalysts. Additionally, this process may be combined with a process for generating formate from carbon monoxide and hydroxide in a basic solution. The combined processes are the water gas shift reaction.

Abstract: Means and method for utilizing radiated electromagnetic energy to elevate at least one of two or more reactants 16 to a temperature at which a chemical reaction will take place so as to provide a desired reaction product 161. In practice, at least one of reactants 16 must be, or be made, susceptible to heating when radiated with electromagnetic energy. Electromagnetic energy source 12 provides sufficient power to raise the temperature of said at least one reactant 16 to cause that reactant to further raise the temperature of associated reactant materials making them further susceptible to heating under the influence of the impinging electromagnetic energy waves. The electromagnetic energy is provided at sufficient power to raise the temperature to the point at which reactants 16 will react chemically to produce a desired reaction product. Since the heating action is localized, little or no energy is wasted in raising the wall temperatures of the reaction vessel 11 in which the material 16 is radiated.

Abstract: A glass-fiber reinforced light-weight cementitious product having a density of less than 85 pounds per cubic foot, a high tensile strength and a high compressive strength, when cured, and hence, suitable for structural articles in which such properties are required. The product is formulated from a mixture in which the aggregate comprises substantially equal parts by weight of fly ash cenospheres and silica fume.

Abstract: A novel process for the isomerization of olefins which employs a photocatalytic mixed metal cluster, wherein a solution of the olefin and the cluster is irradiated causing the cluster to become catalytically active and to isomerize the olefin. The photocatalytic mixed metal cluster has the empirical formula:(C.sub.n R.sub.n ').sub.a Fe.sub.b M.sub.c (CO).sub.d L.sub.ewherein n is five; wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, acetyl, formyl, bromine, chlorine and fluorine; wherein M is a transition metal other than iron selected from the group consisting of Mo, Ru, Rh, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn; wherein L is a Group V type ligand; and further wherein a is from about one to five, b and c are from about one to five and b plus c is between two and six, d is from about five to 18 with the proviso that d is always equal to or greater than b plus c, and e is from about 0 to 18.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolytic cell including means for holding a first electrode in position relative to a second electrode to form an inter-electrode zone of specified dimension for containing electrolyte, wherein the first electrode is held essentially free from support by the internal surfaces of the cell, said means for holding including means for supporting the first electrode from the second electrode; and conductive means for electrically connecting one electrode to a separate liquid pad of higher conductivity than the electrolyte.