Abstract: A drawing punch for use in drawing foils in a die which converges in the direction of drawing. The punch has a rigid core, a cylindrical elastic body on the core and surrounding the core with a cavity therein around the core and opening out of the end of the body facing the direction of drawing. A rigid support member is provided on the core against which the other end of the body is supported. The radial cross-sectional area of the cylindrical elastic body increases from the firstmentioned end of the body toward the other end, and the peripheral surface of the cylindrical elastic body is at a positive angle to the axis of the punch of from 0.degree. to 20.degree.. The cavity has a volume which becomes zero just before the end of the stroke of the punch into the die.

Abstract: An ironing apparatus for forming a cup-like metallic article such as an one-piece metallic can body is provided. The apparatus comprises a punch provided on a tip of a ram adapted to reciprocate in the horizontal direction and a plurality of ring dies cooperating with the punch. In the apparatus, the punch reciprocates such that the center of the end face thereof moves along a locus curved downwardly with the gravity, and the die is disposed to be slightly inclined with respect to a vertical plane such that the axis of the die extends substantially in the tangential direction of the locus at the location of the die.

Abstract: A forming machine (10) is provided for forming a finished part (12) from a flat blank (14). Draw stations (18-24) are provided to initially form the intermediate part. Each draw station includes a punch (44, 62, 66, 70') and a draw die (48, 64, 68, 72). Each punch defines a shoulder along its length to create a first step (60) in the side walls (26) of the intermediate part. In a subsequent draw stage, a draw punch (70') forms a second shoulder along its length to create a second step (100) in the side walls (26) of the intermediate part. A draw shoulder (61) on the draw punch (71') mates with the step (60) to maintain the concentric shape thereof. In the subsequent necking and final form stages (30, 32, 34) the punch employed also has a shoulder to permit variation of the force applied to the intermediate part between the step and bottom portion.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for shaping a hollow blank member by a forging operation is provided. The interior of a hollow blank member is filled with a liquid pressure medium which is enclosed therein in sealed condition. An external pressure is applied to the hollow blank member, and the pressure of the pressure medium is maintained as an internal pressure which opposes the external pressure, and part of the pressure medium is discharged externally while applying a desired plastic deformation to the hollow blank member.

Abstract: This invention provides a process to renovate the bottoms of bakery pans, and to improve the expected useful life of such renovated pans. The process consists of using a bottom receiving die (female die), and a forming top (male) die, and a high pressure press capable of exerting enough force to stretch the bottom of the bakery pan and causing a rigid indented seam to be formed along the bottom edges of such bakery pans. Due to the extreme environmental conditions bakery pans are exposed to, the bottom portions and bottom edges of the pans become dented and deformed. Such deformity causes higher scrap rates for bread that is manufactured in the baking process. By using the Gaddy Off-Set Bottom process, life expectancy of baking pans are extended considerably, and scrap rates for deformed bread is significantly reduced. Such process also allows many pans to be straightened that otherwise would have to be scrapped and replaced by new, non-deformed pans.

Abstract: A tool, and method, for making the outer member of a constant velocity universal joint of the cross-groove type, the outer member being of hollow form having in its interior two sets of helical grooves of opposite hand. The tool comprises first and second parts 15, 21 mounted for axial movement relative to one another, the parts having portions 23, 17 which can be brought into and out of mutual intercalation by such axial movement, the portions 17 carrying projections 18 which form the grooves of one hand and the portions 23 carrying projections 24 which form the grooves of the other hand.

Abstract: Metal beverage closures of increased strength may be produced by a reform process which requires the initial production of a non-standard shell having a reduced countersink radius and reduced panel height. The shell is reformed, preferably in the conversion process, to industry standard dimensions, with the reduced countersink radius being maintained. To provide adequate material in the curl portion of the closure for seaming, the initial shell is provided with a reduced chuckwall diameter which is then reformed to industry standard dimensions.

Abstract: A forming machine (10) is provided for forming a finished part (12) from a flat blank (14). Draw stations (18-24) are provided to initially form the intermediate part. Each draw station includes a punch (44, 62, 66, 70) and a draw die (48, 64, 68, 72). Each punch defines a shoulder along its length to create a step (60) in the side walls (26) of the intermediate part. In the subsequent necking and final form stages (30, 32, 34) the punch employed also has a shoulder to permit variation of the force applied to the intermediate part between the step and bottom portion.

Abstract: Method for producing structures from metal workpieces which may or may not be capable of superplastic forming, such as titanium alloy and steel, using a forming die having a predetermined contour or shape and a cooperating pressure diaphragm formed of a metal capable of superplastic forming. Fluid pressure is applied to one side of the pressure diaphragm to cause stretching or expansion thereof by superplastic forming, and forcing the diaphragm against the workpiece, which in turn is caused to move or expand into contact with the forming die, to produce a structural component of predetermined shape. With the proper application of pressure, temperature and time, metal parts, e.g. 8 to 12 inches thick, can be formed in addition to parts formed from comparatively thin sheet metal.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for reforming an external curl on a tubular side wall of a container body by providing a first die having a groove to engage with the inside and outside of the curl to prevent lateral spreading of the curl and a second die having a convex surface enterable into the groove of the first die and a mechanism to cause relative motion in a direction parallel to the axis of the body as between the first and second dies to crush the curl, the groove of the first die being in engagement with an upper surface of the curl to prevent lateral spread of the curl, and the second die being applied to an underneath surface of the curl so that the later-noted relative motion between the first and second dies imposes a crushing force to create a reformed curl having a first annulus of arcuate cross section extending outwardly in a lateral direction from the side wall to define a convex external surface; a folded portion turning radially inward from the outer periphery of the first annulus, and a second

Abstract: Apparatus for the hydroplastic processing of tubular products which finishes the inner surfaces of such products while attaining exact outer dimensions thereof. The apparatus employs a vertical hydraulic press having a movable slide and a work table therebeneath. To the slide there is attached a device for the hydroplastic processing of tubular products, and on the workpiece of the press there is secured a positioning fixture bearing at least one die adapted to have a billet introduced thereinto. Secured to the slide of the press is a carrying plate and beneath the carrying plate and spaced therefrom there is a base plate upon which there are mounted a vertical broaching rod and, laterally spaced therefrom, a knockout rod.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for on-line inspection of an intermediate-stage, headed, non-threaded blank for a threaded fastener is disclosed. If the blank fails to meet specifications, the production of blanks is terminated. Improvement features include a roll-sorter for testing all blanks to see if certain dimensional parameters of the blank's head are satisfied. Then, random chosen acceptable blanks are fed to a rotatable table which is constructed to receive a sample blank for movement of the blank to a test station where the blank is tested for other failures to meet dimensional specifications. The rotatable table is constructed to provide interchangeable elements thereof that will accept blanks of different head and stem sizes. Multiple adjustability is provided in the means for transferring blanks, that are first acceptable to the roll-sorter test, on to the rotatable table for further testing.

Abstract: A tube bulger for producing an enlarged ring-like bulge in the material around an end portion of a metal tube includes upper and lower die sections. When the upper and lower die sections are mated together, a cylindrical hole is formed. The end portion of the tube to be bulged extends into the hole. A ring-like, outwardly oriented enlargement of the cylindrical hole in the mated die sections forms a bulge cavity into which the bulge moves as it is being formed. An elongated mandrel extends through the opposite end of the cylindrical hole and into the open end of the tube. First and second sealing rings disposed about the mandrel on opposite sides of the bulge cavity prevent leakage of pressurized oil between the die and the mandrel. An oil conducting channel has an opening between the sealing rings.

Abstract: A preheated billet (A) is disposed in a billet receiving region (20) of a lower die (B). The lower preforming die defines a throat region (30) which is smaller in transverse cross section than the billet receiving region and disposed immediately therebelow. The lower die further defines an enlarged relief region (40) which is larger in all transverse dimensions than the throat region and disposed immediately therebelow. An upper die (C) includes a billet engaging surface (50) which has substantially the same transverse cross section as the billet receiving region. The upper die is forced downward by a hydraulic press or the like into engagement with the billet. As the upper preforming die continues downward, the billet engaging surface is telescopically received within the billet receiving region pushing and deforming the billet ahead of it.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bonded can of the key-opening type comprising a coated metal blank and a seam formed by lap-bonding outer and inner end edge portions of the coated metal blank to each other by a tape of a thermoplastic resin adhesive, wherein the adhesive is a polyamide type or polyester type adhesive, the inner end edge portion forming the seam of the bonded can is completely covered with the adhesive tape, the outer edge portion has a winding-starting tongue piece integrated therewith, a plurality of scores are formed on the outer surface of the coated metal blank from the base of the tongue piece along the entire circumference inclusive of the seam, the scores have a knife angle of 45.degree. to 120.degree. and a depth corresponding to 8 to 45% of the thickness of the metal blank, a coating of an epoxy resin having a thermal softening point of 65.degree. to 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A tool pack assembly for the drawing and ironing of containers wherein the ironing and guiding dies are movably mounted for automatic centering thereof to regain axial realignment thereof with the axis of the provided punch should such disc shift from alignment. The assembly includes a redraw dye or ring to receive the blanked container and associated support and ram with the ironing dies being spaced therefrom for ironing of the container as the same is driven therepast by movement of the ram. Ironing dies are mounted for radial floatation within a housing, and biasing means are spaced peripherally thereabout to bring the ironing dies and guides into axial relationship with the ram. The assembly further includes a stripper die assembly for removal of the finally formed container which die is similarly radially floatable and similarly biased to bring the die into axial relationship with the container and container driving punch.

Abstract: An air transfer system for a shell press is provided which air conveys a blanked and formed shell from a blanking and forming die station in the shell press to a curling die station in the same shell press. The air transfer system further provides for the blanked and formed part to be air conveyed within the curling die, and after the shell is curled within the die, provides for the curled shell to be air ejected from the curling die for subsequent fluid conveyance therefrom. A guide track extending between the die stations is just slightly wider than the diameter of the shell being conveyed and the fluid conveyance is provided by a hollow tube disposed in the upwardly facing surface of the guide track. A shell is air conveyed within the curling die station when an opening in a sleeve member, which is disposed about the curling die station and connected to a reciprocating blanking slide, becomes aligned with the guide track upon downward motion of the blanking slide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for forming a cell can or container, for a cylindrical battery having longitudinally extending internally projecting ribs which are formed along the internal surface of the battery cell. These ribs provide increased physical and electrical contact between the cell and the electrode material disposed therein. Also disclosed herein is the product formed by this process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making golf ball molds is disclosed. The molds are made by placing a smooth, hemispherical metal cup on top of a dimpled, hemispherical master mold, which is the upper end of a bullet-shaped mounting post. The post is fixed in an upright position to the lower half of a hydraulic press.Above the post is a vertically movable upper press half with a urethane insert. The insert has a smooth hemispherical recess or cavity that is designed in size and shape to blanket the top surface of the cup when the press halves are pushed together.When the press halves are pushed together, the urethane insert covers the cup and pushes against it with extreme force. The insert serves basically as a hydraulic fluid and transforms the linear forces produced by the hydraulic press into a uniform pressure acting equally in all directions against the cup.Due to the tremendous pressure exerted by the press, the insert forces the metal cup to assume the dimpled shape of the underlying master mold.

Abstract: A container comprises a paper base member covered all around by a heat-shrinkable plastic film. Air is removed from a space formed by the film in which the paper base member is disposed to bring the film against the base member, and at least a part of the film is sealed for closing the space. The base member is either originally formed into the shape of the container, or later formed into the shape of the container to define at least one open end. The open end is covered by a metal lid. A method of making the container includes covering the base member with heat-shrinkable plastic film forming a double wall with the base member in a space between the double wall, removing air from the space between the double wall and sealing the space. Heat applied to the container, for example for sterilizing contents of the container, also shrinks the plastic film to produce a wrinkle-free fit between the film and the paper base member.