Abstract: Using an aged IMAG in series with fresh IMAG affords a saccharification product containing increased yields of glucose. In particular, using such a combination it is possible to obtain a product containing glucose at levels of at least about 94.0%. Such a process is readily adaptable to present industrial processes requiring glucose levels of at least 94.0%.

Abstract: A method for producing phenylalanine comprising culturing novel strains of the bacteria Escherichia coli. The novel strains of E. coli are those in which inhibition of the enzyme DAHP synthease by phenylalanine, tyrosine or tryptophan is removed and inhibition of the enzyme chorismate mutase P-prephenate dehydratase by phenylalanine is removed and in which enhanced levels of production of the enzymes DAHP synthease, chorismate mutase P-prephenate dehydratase and shikimate kinase are achieved. The organism is preferably also modified to limit the production of alternate end products from chorismate.

Abstract: A yeast culture medium contains glucose, yeast extract, buffers, alkaline earth metal salts, and antibiotics, has a pH of 4.3 to 4.7. Yeast strains of the genus Rhodotorula, obtained from water and soil samples, are useful as desaturase enzymes, especially for the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid in improved yields using the yeast culture medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for obtaining cholesterol esterase by culturing an appropriate micro-organism in an appropriate nutrient medium and recovering the enzyme from the culture broth or from the biomass, wherein the culturing is carried out in a mineral salt medium containing n-alkanes with 10 to 20 carbon atoms as the sole source of carbon and in the form of an aerated submersion culture.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of a high maltose syrup containing from 60 to 80% maltose, from 12 to 24% glucose and from 8 to 16% sugars having a DP of three or more by the enzymatic saccharification of partially hydrolyzed starch having a dextrose equivalence of from 1 to about 30; the high maltose syrups obtained from such process; the hydrogenation of such high maltose syrup to form maltitol blends containing from 60 to 80% maltitol and from 12 to 24% sorbitol; and the so prepared maltitol blends, such blends having a desired combination of high sweetness and humectancy.

Abstract: Extracellular enzymes are stabilized with a carboxyalkylated or phosphonoalkylated polymer having a molecular weight of at least 500 Daltons. Exemplified is the stabilization of the enzyme glucose isomerase used in a process to convert D-glucose to D-fructose. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the feedstream containing the substrate is contacted initially with the stabilizer and then with the enzyme. In this system the stabilizer and enzyme are maintained in separate reactors. This separation, advantageously, results in a higher half-life for the enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method for preparing a commercial .beta.-amylase product from whole or at least partially dehusked barley grain by extracting the grain with water. The water may optionally contain a reducing agent. The invention further comprises the purification, concentration and stabilization of the .beta.-amylase solution and the resultant commerical product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for the recovery of enzymes obtained from enzyme-producing microorganisms, and to the liquid enzyme product recovered by this process. Typically, the enzyme-containing filtrate from a fermentation of an enzyme-secreting microorganism is concentrated and a precipitation agent such as a salt or an organic solvent is added to the concentrate, thereby forming a cake. Then, a polyol solvent is circulated through the cake to solubilize the enzyme or enzyme complex from the cake and provide a liquid enzyme product. Particularly effective is propylene glycol as the polyol solvent. The liquid enzyme product may be shipped as is or subjected to further treatment to remove the solvent and create an essentially solvent-free enzyme product. The process is especially effective for the recovery of alkaline protease or alpa amylase.

Abstract: Iso-malto-oligosaccharide monovalent haptens were prepared by adding an aqueous sucrose solution to an aqueous solution of D-glucose containing more than 300 mmol glucose per 1000 U .alpha.(1.fwdarw.6)-D-glucosyl transferase at 265 to 310 K and a pH value of from 4.5 to 8.0 and a molar ratio of sucrose to glucose of from 0.5 to 2.0. After consumption of the sucrose, glucose, liberated fructose and undesired oligosaccharides are separated in a known manner.The process of the invention allows a particularly economical preparation of the monovalent haptens which serve for the prophylaxis of undesired dextran induced anaphylactoid side effects (DIAR).

Abstract: There is presented antibiotic compounds designated as Antibiotics X-14889 A, C and D of the formulas ##STR1## wherein (for X-14889A) R.sub.1 is methyl, R.sub.2 is methyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, R.sub.4 is methyl and R.sub.5 is hydrogen or (for X-14889C) R.sub.1 is hydrogen, R.sub.2 is methyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, R.sub.4 is methyl and R.sub.5 is CO.sub.2 H or ##STR2## and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity and one of the compounds X-14889C also exhibits activity against Treponema hyodysenteriae (in vitro), Plasmodium berghei and as food efficiency enhancers in ruminants.Also presented is a process to produce the above compounds and another known component Antibiotic X-14889B.

Abstract: A hair tonic composition containing, as an effective ingredient, a product obtained from the interaction of a vegetable or animal fat or oil with a microorganism belonging to Staphylococcus capitis. This hair tonic composition can effectively prevent the generation of dandruff and itching and can also effectively accelerate the growth of hair.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing N-acetylneuraminate lyase using a microorganism constructed by recombinant DNA techniques.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for preparing peptides. More particularly, a process for preparing L-.alpha.-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl ester is described and claimed by enzymatic hydrolysis of a suitable N-acyl-derivative.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient enzymatic method for the preparation of branched cyclodextrins such as glucosyl and maltosyl cyclodextrins. The inventive method comprises the enzymatic reaction of a branch-splitting enzyme and .beta.-amylase simultaneously with a mixture of a cyclodextrin and starch. Alternatively, a branched cyclodextrin is obtained from a mixture of a cyclodextrin and maltose in an enzymatic reaction with pullulanase, optionally, with admixture of an alcohol such as ethyl and propyl alcohols or a glycol such as ethyleneglycol and propyleneglycol to the reaction mixture. A glucosyl cyclodextrin can be obtained by the steps of first subjecting a mixture of a cyclodextrin and maltose to an enzymatic reaction with pullulanase and then subjecting the reaction product to a second enzymatic reaction in the presence of an enzyme mixture composed of takaamylase and glucoamylase and yeast.

Abstract: A restriction endonuclease having the ability to recognize the same base sequence and cleavage sites as SacII and SstII can be produced from Gluconobacter and isolated in pure form because no other restriction enzyme is formed.

Abstract: A system is provided for receiving, maintaining and processing blood samples for the subsequent separation and testing thereof. A pre-packaged blood sample receiving vessel is provided containing appropriate additives and a quantity of beads or other physical bodies for subsequent lysis, centrifugation, and separation of the sample. An additional pre-packaged arrangement is provided at the lab for the handling and removal of the lysed, centrifuged and separated sample in order to obtain the desired portion of the sample for appropriate laboratory testing procedures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the purification of calf rennet which involves contacting the rennet with an affinity ligand, e.g. Cibacron Blue, to cause separation of the chymosin and pepsin contained in the rennet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new enzyme, aldehyde oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of an aldehyde to a corresponding acid but does not have any catalytic action upon other substrates. Also disclosed is a fermentative process from producing the enzyme.

Abstract: A method for the vegetative propagation of the sea kale species is described. Buds are obtained from in vitro neoformation on a callus, which in turn is obtained from fragments of petioles or leaf laminas of the plant. The rootless plants are then micropropogated in vitro in a plant culture medium and cytokinines in the absence of auxins. The rootless plants bearing one or two leaves are cultured in vitro in a plant growth broth and one or more auxins in the absence of cytokinins until roots develop. The rooted plants are transferred to a solid plant growth substrate and bred under conditions of a natural photoperiod of illumination until a plant is obtained which is capable of growth in the field.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to the resolubilization of an insoluble glucose isomerase-amine complex, wherein the amine has the general formula: ##STR1## The insoluble enzyme complex may be resolubilized to produce a stable concentrated and purified glucose isomerase preparation by reaction with a resolubilizing mixture comprising a cation exchange resin.