Abstract: Materials of particular utility in separating hydrocarbon values from mineral deposits, e.g. bitumen from tar sands, are prepared by a microbiological fermentation process using certain selected microorganisms. The fermentation process is conducted under aerobic conditions, with the selected microorganisms growing on a hydrocarbon substrate. The materials have surfactant properties, in greater or lesser degree. The materials may be subsequently separated from the fermentation broth, or alternatively the broth may be used as is, since it contains relatively large proportions of suitable separation effecting materials.

Abstract: Protein foods are made from cereals by (a) milling the cereal and steeping the milled material in water; (b) mechanically separating the mixture from (a) to produce a sediment (I) containing the major proportion of the insoluble material and starch A, and a suspension (II) containing at least 60% of the nitrogeneous material initially present; (c) subsequently separating the suspension (II) to form an insoluble fraction (III) containing at least 60% of the proteins initially present and a supernatant fraction (IV); (d) mixing the sediment (I) with the supernatant fraction (IV) to form a suspension (V) containing at least 90% of the starch initially preset; (e) hydrolyzing the starch in the suspension (V) by addings thermally stable amylase; (f) separating the hydrolysis mixture from stase (e) to provide a supernatant hydrolysate (VI) and an insoluble fraction (VII); (g) fermenting the insoluble fraction (VII) after suspending it in water to cause an enrichment in yeast protein and (h) separating the fermented

Abstract: This invention relates to novel microbial strains which produce phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. These novel microbial strains have the ability to grow on minimal essential media which contain, as substantially the sole carbon source, L-tyrosine. Also disclosed are methods for making phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and methods for making phenylalanine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel lipolytic enzyme derived from a novel Aspergillus microorganism. Cheese aged in the presence of a low concentration of this lipolytic enzymes ripens faster than with conventional lipolytic enzymes and without any associated rancidity.

Abstract: Cellulase may be prepared in good yield and at relatively low cost by culturing certain mutant strains of the genus Trichoderma, which exhibit increased inducibility of cellulase by L-sorbose, in medium wherein the carbon source comprises cellulose-containing material of plant origin, for example, bagasses, waste papers, rice plant hulls and straws or soybean wastes. Preferred mutant strains are exemplified by Trichoderma reesei PC-1-4, PC-3-7, X-30 and X-31.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to the treatment of a glucose isomerase extract with an amine having the general formula: ##STR1## An insoluble complex containing enzyme activity is formed. The insoluble enzyme complex may be resolubilized to produce a stable concentrated and purified glucose isomerase preparation.

Abstract: A sulfhydryl oxidase from Aspergillus sojae, having a unit activity of about 2000 units per gm of protein enzyme preparation and essentially free from interfering activities.

Abstract: A thermostable pullulanase and a thermostable glucoamylase are produced by Clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum. Methods of producing the enzymes and using them to hydrolyze starch are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a pullulanase enzyme exhibiting thermostability at a pH of about 5 which is derived from thermophilic, obligately anaerobic bacterium. T. brockii, and to a process for its production. The pullulanase is useful for preparation of maltotriose and for conversion of starch to maltose syrups.

Abstract: L-glutamic acid oxidase, which is an L-amino acid oxidase catalyzing the oxidative deamination of the .alpha.-amino group of L-glutamic acid in the presence of water and oxygen to form .alpha.-ketoglutaric acid, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide, and having a very high substrate specificity for L-glutamic acid substantially without acting on L-glutamine and L-histidine, and also having a high stability, and a microbiological method of production thereof.

Abstract: Highly active pancreatin is obtained by autolysis of an aqueous isopropanol-containing tissue slurry, preferably buffered with sodium bicarbonate, until a test precipitation with aqueous isopropyl alcohol proves positive, and precipitating the batch with a higher concentration of isopropyl alcohol, resulting in a fiber suspension which can be sieved so that the solution obtained permits direct isolation of pancreatin by further increasing the concentration of isopropyl alcohol. A high bulk density of the finished dry preparation is achieved by stirring the precipitated pancreatin with isopropyl alcohol or acetone so as to bring the pancreatin to a concentration of 70-85% of isopropanol or 80-95% of acetone, isolating the pancreatin by suction filtration or centrifuging and drying it by treatment with dry air or nitrogen.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an enzyme extract containing glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase and fructokinase, derived from microorganism cells, by subjecting Zymomonas mobilis bacterium cells to extraction with an extraction medium comprising a partially water-miscible organic solvent; a non-ionic surfactant; and lysozyme; under neutral to alkaline pH conditions to provide an extract containing said enzymes.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of starch to syrups having a dextrose equivalent (D.E.) value of at least 90 and is achieved by treating liquid starch with glucoamylase for a period of not more than three hours.

Abstract: A novel enzyme for the reduction of 2-oxocarboxylic acids, and its preparation, are described.

Abstract: An N-acetylhexosamine oxidase having the following physiochemical properties.(1) Action and specificity for substrateOxidizes N-acetylhexosamine in the presence of oxygen to form N-acetylhexosaminic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Hardly acts or does not act at all on hexose and hexosamine.(2) Optimum pH and stable pH rangeWhen a potassium phosphate buffer solution contining 0.1M glycine is used, an optimum pH is 7.5 to 8.5 and a stable pH range is 3 to 9.(3) Molecular weightHas a molecular weight of about 140,000 to 150,000 when measured according to a gel filtration method using Sephadex G-200 by the use of 0.05M potassium phosphate buffer solution.

Abstract: A new alcohol oxidase is isolated from Pichia-type microorganisms in soluble or crystalline form. The crystalline novel enzyme is isolated by preparing an aqueous fluid containing cells of a Pichia-type microorganism, homogenizing the fluid and separating solids therefrom to produce an alcohol oxidase solution, adjusting the solution to have an ionic strength in the range of 0.05 to 0.01 in ionic strength to form a recovery range solution thereby causing the crystalline alcohol oxidase to form. The new enzyme is used to determine alcohol concentrations in fluid samples in which conditions are compatible with the enzyme's activity.

Abstract: A multi-step process is provided for solubilizing and saccharifying granular starch slurries of between 20 and 60% d.s. starch. In a first step, an enzyme mixture exhibiting raw starch hydrolyzing activity is added to the slurry and maintained in contact therewith until at least a substantial portion but less than all of the starch is solubilized. The resulting syrup is separated from the remaining insoluble fraction. In a second step, the insoluble fraction is used to prepare a second slurry containing less than about 20% d.s. starch, and this second slurry is solubilized with a raw starch hydrolyzing enzyme preparation until substantially all (e.g., at least about 95% or more) of the starch is solubilized. The pooled syrup from the two steps is over about 20 weight percent saccharides, at least about 95% of which is glucose.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of a purified glucose isomerase enzyme which comprises contacting an enzyme extract containing glucose isomerase and impurities with a first polysulfone membrane not normally permeable to glucose isomerase, in the presence of a salt concentration capable of selectively inducing permeation of glucose isomerase through the membrane, and obtaining a glucose isomerase containing permeate.

Abstract: The existence of high fibrin-affinity urokinase is discovered by an isolation procedure using fibrin precipitated on an adsorptive-solid matrix. By the method described, the high affinity form of plasminogen activator can be isolated directly from urine or from kidney tissue culture medium. The method is economical and provides a relatively high yield of the activator. The high affinity that this plasminogen activator has for fibrin is a property that makes it an improved thrombolytic agent and when radiolabelled provides a new diagnostic agent for the specific detection of fibrin thrombi through nuclear scanning. The newly-isolated plasminogen activator has the following characteristics: a molecular weight of about 56,000 Daltons, a specific activity of about 40,000-50,000 CTA units/mg, the appearance of a single chain structure and a high affinity for fibrin.

Abstract: Antibiotic A-21978 complexes, in particular the A-21978C complex, comprising microbiologically active, related factors C.sub.0, C.sub.1, C.sub.2, C.sub.3, C.sub.4, and C.sub.5. A-21978 complex and A-21978C complex are produced by submerged aerobic fermentation of Streptomyces roseosporus NRRL 11379. The individual A-29178C factors are separated and isolated by chromatography. The A-21978 and A-21978C complexes; the A-21978C factors; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are antibacterial agents and improve growth promotion in poultry.