Abstract: Process for the preparation of a sweet wort from a cereal, in which previously mashed cereal flour is mixed with a hydrolyzing substance introducing enzymes to undergo a saccharification treatment. Before mashing, the cereal flour is subjected to a cooking-extrusion at a temperature above 100.degree. C., by passage continuously in a screw-extrusion machine provided with heating means. The amount of water can be limited to that necessary for the bursting of the starch grain. The extruded cereal is then mashed and mixed with the hydrolyzing substance to undergo saccharification, and the latter can then be effected by infusion. The invention is especially applicable to the preparation of beer or of alcoholic beverages by fermentation of the sweet wort obtained.

Abstract: Enzyme containing granulates containing less than 2% chloride and besides enzyme, coating materials, granulating aids and water, more than 35% w/w of a filler system consisting of from 5-70% w/w of the granulate composition of one or more water soluble sulphates, and 5-70% w/w water insoluble salts, especially sulphates, carbonates, phosphates or silicates. The granulates exhibit an excellent storage stability and a satisfactory physical strength.

Abstract: A method for producing a reduced-form coenzyme by reacting malic acid with either nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate in the presence of malate dehydrogenase to obtain the corresponding reduced product. The reaction is preferably carried out under reduced pressure, while removing carbon dioxide, formed during the reaction, from the reaction system.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel process for the recovery of enzyme crystals. The enzymes may be obtained from any enzyme-producing microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. The invention contemplates supersaturation and/or crystallization to obtain enzymes in the crystalline form, and is particularly effective for the recovery of heat stable alpha-amylase in a crystal form.

Abstract: Solutions containing peroxidase enzymes may be treated to increase their stability and shelf life by reducing their protease level and filtering through a microporous filter to remove any microbial contamination that might secrete additional protease enzymes.

Abstract: A method for the production of a pullulanase-like enzyme possessing an .alpha.-amylase activity from a strain of genus Bacillus subtilis, the produced enzyme being capable of acting on starch to enhance the yield of glucose.

Abstract: The invention relates to the enzyme S-tetrahydroprotoberberineoxidase, which oxidizes selectively S-tetrahydroprotoberberines and S-1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline in the presence of oxygen, resulting in the corresponding protoberberines and 1-benzyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines. The invention also relates to a process of preparing S-tetrahydroprotoberberineoxidase by extraction from certain plant materials. The oxidation products of several compounds find use in the pharmaceutical industries.

Abstract: The composition and method are for waterways, usually closed cycle, in which algae and the like is to be killed without harm to higher animal life. The composition includes a violet dye to enhance ultraviolet light penetration from the prevailing light to enter the waterway. This ultraviolet light, with reduction in visible light, causes algae death. It also increases free oxygen, neutralizes some toxins, and reduces admission of infrared radiation. The composition includes an enzyme which digests the dead algae and similar material. The products of digestion are such as to leave clean water. A blue dye may optionally be used to hide the violet color of the water in the visible part of the spectrum.

Abstract: This invention provides a proteolytically modified alkaline phosphatase which is irreversibly inactivated upon removal of divalent ions. The modified enzyme is particularly useful as a molecular biological or immunological reagent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to desulfatohirudins, to the preparation thereof, to pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and to the use thereof.The desulfatohirudins of this invention correspond to hirudin in biological activity and are therefore particularly useful for inhibiting blood clotting.

Abstract: Catalase and pyranose-2-oxidase are stabilized according to the invention by means of chemical treatment which render the enzymes resistant to thermal inactivation or inactivation of glucosone or both.Stabilized catalase crosslinked with diimido esters, such as dimethyl suberimidate and dimethyl adipimidate are claimed.The method for stabilizing catalase against thermal inactivation or glucosone inactivation or both comprising gradually adding a crosslinking agent to a catalase solution and maintaining pH and temperature control is claimed.Stabilized pyranose-2-oxidase amidinated with an amidinating agent such as ethyl acetimidate is claimed.A method for stabilizing catalase against thermal inactivation comprising gradually adding an amidinating agent to a pyranose-2-oxidase solution preferably with pH control is claimed.An improved process for producing glucosone from glucose using stabilized catalase or pyranose-2-oxidase or both according to the invention is also claimed.

Abstract: Enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides to monosaccharides or lower molecular weight polysaccharides is carried out by means of an enzyme derived from B. megaterium which exhibits alpha-amylase activity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a new protease having the following properties: (1) it is able to hydrolitically cleave a peptide bond between two adjacent basic amino acids in a peptide chain; (2) it has a molecular weight of about 43,000 as determined by electrophoresis; (3) it is inhibited by phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride and diisopropyl fluorophosphate, but is not inhibited by monoiodoacetate, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone, and leupeptin. The protease can be produced by culturing Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and recovering purification by conventional methods, and is useful as a processing enzyme for conversion of a prohormone to an active hormone.

Abstract: This invention provides a proteolytically modified alkaline phosphatase which is irreversibly inactivated upon removal of divalent ions. The modified enzyme is particularly useful as a molecular biological or immunological reagent.

Abstract: J-1 which is a strain of cyanobacteria is used to form and excrete a material useful as a floculating agent and as an additive useful in soil conditioning.Method of separating and culturing the cyanobacteria under conditions necessary to achieve maximum formation and excretion of the material into solution.Method of purifying and separating excreted as well as intracellular material from cyanobacteria.Method of clarifying a particulate-laden liquid with a material excreted by cyanobacteria, and particularly species J-1.Extracellular polymeric material which is water-soluble, non-dialyzable, having a molecular weight greater than 100,000 based on Sephadex column elution G 150, containing sugar, peptide, and fatty acid moieties, giving a positive Anthrone test, having an absorption peak of 205 nm. using a Perkin-Elmer spectrophotometer Model 402.

Abstract: A thermostable and thermoactive, extracellular .beta.-amylase is produced by Clostridium thermosulfurogenes. Methods of producing the .beta.-amylase and using it to convert starch to maltose are also disclosed.

Abstract: A modified lipase, comprising lipase molecules which are partially substituted with an active derivative of a polyalkylene glcyol having a hydrophobic group at the terminal end.

Abstract: Method for the production of chorionic gonadotropin (CG) with properties similar to those of human CG (HCG) from a microorganism or mutant thereof isolated by natural or hybridization procedure from the body or body extract carrier of a malignant tumor carrier and having the capacity to synthesize the polypeptide hormone known as human chorionic gonadotropin in its total form or in its sub-units (.alpha. & .beta.) which comprises:(a) culturing the microorganism or mutant thereof in a culture media;(b) incubating the culture of the microorganism or mutant thereof, whereby the microorganism or mutant thereof in vivo produces a crude material containing chorionic gonadotropin and/or its sub-units (.alpha. & .beta.);(c) separating the crude material containing chorionic gonadotropin and/or its sub-units (.alpha. & .beta.) from the culture media and the microorganism or mutant thereof.

Abstract: A process to obtain a new thermostable and neutral .alpha.-amylase by cultivating a strain selected from micro-organisms Bacillus sp. NCIB 11887 or NCIB 11886, or any of the mutants thereof, at temperatures from 50.degree. to 70.degree. C.

Abstract: Derivatives of a nonimmunogenic plasminogen activator which comprises at least one polyalkylene glycol group chemically bonded with at least one coupling agent to amino acid side chains of said plasminogen activator, wherein said polyalkylene glycol has a molecular weight of about 200-20,000 and is unsubstituted or is substituted with one or more alkyl, alkoxy or alkanoyl groups or a mixture thereof.The plasminogen activator derivatives have an extended circulating life in the mammalian bloodstream and also inhibit the formation of thrombus in the same.