Abstract: In a communications network, which may be a broadband optical network, a packet is transmitted from a source node to a destination node on a looped signal path. A return signal, which may function as an acknowledgement of the original signal, is transmitted back to the source node from the destination node in the time slot which was occupied by the original packet.

Abstract: A transmitter for wireless communications provides multiple types of orthogonality to improve transmit diversity. Transmit diversity is improved by using both coding and carrier frequency orthogonality. Data to be transmitted is broken into four parallel channels. Two of the channels are transmitted on a first carrier signal and the other two channels are transmitted on a second carrier signal. Channels transmitted on the same carrier signal are provided with orthogonal codes so that they may be separated by a receiver. Channels transmitted on different carrier signals may be encoded with identical orthogonal codes. The modulated carrier signals are then transmitted using at least two antennas, where one antenna is used for each carrier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing overload conditions of a node of communication system is disclosed. One or more pairs of predefined upper and lower overload threshold values are stored. A rejection proportion value is stored in association with each of the pairs of overload threshold values. Messages arrive at the node and are processed by it. The current processing load or saturation level of the node is continuously measured in real time. The current saturation level is associated with one of the predefined pairs of overload threshold values. The node rejects a number of messages equal to the rejection proportion value that is associated with the overload threshold values that correspond to the current saturation level. Preferably, only call initialization messages, such as call setup messages or initial address messages, are rejected.

Abstract: A wireless communication system 200 comprises a connectionless packet network 201 coupled to a plurality of sites 203-208 that are in location areas 260, 261. The sites join respective location area multicast addresses to receive messages from other sites in their location area. Communication units desiring to participate in talkgroup calls need only to register affiliation with a first site of the location area. Upon the first site receiving an affiliation message, it joins a payload multicast group address to receive payload for the talkgroup. In alternative embodiments, the first site sends, via the location area multicast address, either control message(s) or tunneled payload associated with the talkgroup call to secondary site(s) of the location area.

Abstract: In a compressed mode, a spread spectrum communication device interleaves bit units across multiple frames using an interleaver, reduces the spreading factor using a framing/spreading unit, outputs the compressed mode frames at a predetermined compressed mode frame timing, and increases the average transmission power in the compressed mode at a radio frequency transmitter. Furthermore, a handover between different frequencies is carried out by establishing synchronization to another frequency carrier, based on a first search code and a second search code which have been detected, and moreover, a handover between different communication systems is carried out by establishing synchronization to a GSM, based on an FCCH and a SCH which have been detected.

Abstract: A method for optimizing the performance of the code division multiple access system and the air field environments is disclosed. The invention includes the step of connecting a CDMA mobile station to a PC (Personal Computer), the step of connecting a GPS (Global Positioning System) to the PC, the step of operating a DM (Diagnostic Monitor) under a windows OS (Operating System), the step of requesting desired data to be transmitted to the mobile station by the DM, the step of measuring corresponding items and the present state [OF WHAT?] and transmitting the measured data to the DM, the step of requesting the data of the present position to the GPS by the DM, the step of transmitting the data of the present position to the DM by the GPS, the step of analyzing the data received from the mobile station and the GPS by the DM, and the step of displaying the analyzed results.

Abstract: A communication access chassis having a general purpose computing platform provides communication access between remote users and computer network via the public telephone network. The general purpose computing platform is connected to an internal chassis bus complex transmitting incoming calls between a telephone line interface and a signal conversion system and between the signal conversion system and a local area network interface. The computing platform has a conventional microprocessor and local or peripheral memory storage devices and implements a commercially available open network operating system such as Windows NT™. By virtue of the ability of the general purpose computing platform to run network server programs locally, i.e.

Abstract: In a compressed mode, a spread spectrum communication device interleaves bit units across multiple frames using an interleaver, reduces the spreading factor using a framing/spreading unit, outputs the compressed mode frames at a predetermined compressed mode frame timing, and increases the average transmission power in the compressed mode at a radio frequency transmitter. Furthermore, a handover between different frequencies is carried out by establishing synchronization to another frequency carrier, based on a first search code and a second search code which have been detected, and moreover, a handover between different communication systems is carried out by establishing synchronization to a GSM, based on an FCCH and a SCH which have been detected.

Abstract: In addition to a main monitor/control module, sub-monitor/control modules are provided, which monitor the operating conditions of transmission sections in real time through a CPU bus. The main monitor/control module collects monitor data from each sub-monitor/control module at a given timing through a LAN and processes the monitor data collected.

Abstract: A method for detecting and discarding stale cells following route changes in a data communication network. The data communication network comprises a transmitter, which upon detection of a failure in a route of a network, retransmits data tagged as resent data along a different route of a multi-stage switch; and a receiver, which upon detection of tagged data from the transmitter via the different route of the multi-stage switch, utilizes tagged data for data communications while discarding previously transmitted data that are not tagged to avoid data duplication.

Abstract: A system and method for a handshake protocol for digital subscriber line (DSL) and similar telecommunication systems that makes beneficial use of aliasing to select and decode signaling tones. In particular, the invention carefully selects signaling tones at frequencies such that higher frequency tones would alias down and coincide with specific base tones after sub-sampling. Thus, rather than filtering out higher frequencies to avoid aliasing, aliasing is exploited to use these higher frequencies. This technique would allow a receiver to detect and decode the higher frequency tones at lower frequency tone locations or bands. A related innovation is a band set, which includes one or more tones within a particular frequency band, where typically each tone in a band set corresponds to a different tone set.

Abstract: A congestion control mechanism in an ATM network access device includes segmentation and reassembly (SAR) logic that sends and receives Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) cells to and from interface logic that transfers the cells to and from a switch fabric. The cells are transferred on ATM connections, including flow-controlled connections for which the sending of cells by the SAR logic is controlled in response to the settings of Generic Flow Control (GFC) bits appearing in the headers of ATM cells received by the SAR logic. The interface logic receives a congestion signal indicative of the level of congestion in a transmit buffer in the switch fabric. In response to the congestion signal, the interface logic sets the GFC bits in the headers of cells transferred to the SAR logic such that the cell transmission rate is maintained at a high average level while undesirable congestion in the transmit buffer is avoided. Hysteresis is employed in the setting of the GFC bits is response to the congestion signal.

Abstract: A communication system such as an OFDM or DMT system has nodes which are allowed to transmit continuously on one or just a few of the sysiem's frequency sub-channels, while the other nodes avoid putting any signal into those sub-channels. Simple low data rate nodes are allowed to use a small number of sub-channels while more complicated nodes use the remainder, and preferably functionality is provided to ensure that adjacent sub-channels are reliably spaced apart in frequency so that they do not bleed over into one another; to ensure that signals from all nodes arrive at the base station with well-aligned symbol transitions; and to ensure that signals from the various nodes arrive at the base station with similar power levels.

Abstract: A timing device for generating and outputting a plurality of signal edges by changing signal statuses at predeterminable times. The timing device includes a cyclically addressable memory in which a plurality of time events are stored. Each time event is assigned a time value, which corresponds to a predetermined time, and a plurality of predetermined signal statuses. The timing device further includes a comparator, which compares the current count of a counter to the time value of a time event, which has just been acquired from memory. Given a match, the next time event is read from the memory. The timing device also includes an output device which outputs the predetermined signal statuses. With the timing device it is possible to freely program periodically recurring time indications by allocating memory accordingly.

Abstract: A communication bus snooper switch includes an inbound cell queue coupled to receive ATM cells from a number of ATM physical layer interfaces across a common inbound bus. An out-bound cell queue (which may be the same queue as the inbound cell queue when a dual port queue is used) is coupled to provide the ATM cells to separate ATM termination points according cell address information across separate out-bound busses. Each of the out-bound busses is associated with one of the ATM termination points. The snooper switch is configured to operate as an ATM bus master when communicating with the physical layer interfaces and as a ATM bus slave when communicating with the ATM termination points. During transmit operations, cells from the various ATM termination points are queued in corresponding transmission cell queues within the snooper switch and, thereafter, provided to the ATM physical layer interfaces according to an arbitration scheme implemented at the snooper switch.

Abstract: A technique is provided for dynamically adjusting modem back-off parameters in a cable modem network. The technique is based on the theoretical result that the ratio of the number of the successful band width requests (Ns) to the number of collisions (Nc) has a value (e-31) when the back-off values are correctly estimated. The present technique for dynamically adjusting modem back-off parameters utilizes this concept to correspondingly correct the back-off parameters, depending upon the value of the Nc/Ns ratio, so as to cause this ratio to converge to the desired ratio of Nc/Ns equal to approximately 0.7. If the ratio of Nc/Ns is greater than a first specified value, the back-off start and backoff-end parameters (broadcast by the CMTS to cable modems on the downstream channel) are increased. If the ratio of Nc/Ns is less than a second specified value, the back-off start and backoff-end parameters are decreased.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for supporting the quality of service (QoS) in packet data transmission between a wireless terminal (MT), having data communication with a radio access network, and a data network (LN), in which method data transmission between the terminal (MT) and the radio access network (2) is controlled by at least one mobile IP router (5, 5′, 5″). Further, in the method data is transmitted in radio flows between the wireless terminal (MT) and the mobile IP router (5, 5′, 5″). In the method, a flow label is defined for at least one radio flow and the desired quality of service is defined for the radio flow.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for providing voice and data service includes receiving voice telephone signals and data signals, and transmitting packets in a single protocol link layer over a subscriber line in response to the received telephone signals and the received data signals. The method also includes receiving packets in a single protocol link layer over the subscriber line, and transmitting data signals and voice telephone signals in response to the packets received from the subscriber line. In one embodiment, a network node and a network terminal unit communicate voice telephone signals and data signals by communicating packets in a single protocol link layer over a subscriber line. In another embodiment a first network node communicates voice telephone signals and data signals with a second network node by communicating packets in a single protocol link layer.

Abstract: A scheduling apparatus of the present invention includes a first element which stores a pair comprising (1) an identifier for identifying a communication event and (2) time information. The time information shows the time for executing the communication event and is represented by floating point data having an accuracy necessary for the communication event. The scheduling apparatus has a second element which reads out the identifier from the first element by using current time information which is represented by the floating point data. A communication control apparatus of the present invention includes a first element which outputs time information and an identifier which identifies the communication event corresponding to the time information. The time information shows time of executing a communication event and is represented as floating point data having an accuracy necessary for communicating the communication event.

Abstract: The invention relates to interpretation of a transmitted signal from signals obtained at the signal reception end from an antenna vector including several antenna elements. The inventive idea is to interpret the signal in two steps. In the first step, directed signal beams are formed of the multidimensional signal obtained from the antenna vector. In the second step, the directed signals are input to an optimum merger which deduces the transmitted signal from several signal branches used as input.