Abstract: A DC bias device for radio-frequency transmission systems of high power and low intermodulation connected between an originating station and a receiving station for an RF signal fed along a transmission line. Direct current is supplied from a source to the transmission line along a branch joined to the transmission line at a junction formed between the originating station and the receiving station. An open-circuit stub is formed along the transmission line between the transmitting station and the junction. A short-circuit stub is formed along the DC-supply branch between the source and the junction to the transmission line. The impedance (Zop) of the open-circuit stub, and the distance of the free heads of the near ends of the two stubs preferably is as low as possible.

Abstract: A circularly polarized wave-linearly polarized wave transducer using a waveguide characterized by expanding the inner wall of the section vertical to the tube axis of the waveguide in a taper form having a gradient in the axial direction of the tube. The taper gradient in the axial direction of the tube is different at plural parts in the circumferential direction of the inner wall, thereby producing a difference in the propagation constant of two modes orthogonal at a microwave frequency. The taper gradient and overall length of the waveguide are determined so that the phase difference of the two modes is .pi./4 at each end of the waveguide. The circularly polarized wave-linearly polarized wave transducer can be realized in a simple construction in which the core of a die in the die-casting process can be drawn out in only one direction.

Abstract: A high-performance low-cost functional module package handles microwaves or millimeter waves. The package has multilayered dielectric substrates, signal through holes (25, 28) connected to signal conductors that are formed on one of the dielectric substrates, and ground through holes (24, 26, 27, 29) connected to ground conductors that are formed on another of the dielectric substrates. The through holes are formed on side faces of the dielectric substrates and serve as terminals. Each pair of the ground through holes (24 and 26, or 27 and 29) is arranged on opposite sides of a corresponding one (25 or 28) of the signal through holes. The terminals are positioned between parts of the package to be connected to an external circuit board and the signal and ground conductors.

Abstract: A method and system for distributing multimedia signals to a subscriber from a headend unit. The multimedia signals are transmitted on a network media as an RF signal. The RF signal is fed to an input terminal of a tap which has an RF circuit that splits the RF signal and distributes to an output terminal. The RF circuit splits the RF signals, and feeds the split signal to a plurality of connectors on the tap's front panel. The RF signals on the output terminal are fed downstream to a plurality of subscribers. A plate is placed in the tap such that when the RF circuit is removed for repair, maintenance or service, an electrical connection is maintained between the input and output terminal to prevent a disconnection of service downstream.

Abstract: A power divider directional coupler comprised of coupled transmission line sections at the beginning of each of a plurality of subdivided transmission lines wherein each subdivided transmission line has a unique characteristic impedance, even mode impedance and odd mode impedance. The coupled transmission line sections are shorted and function as quarter-wave transformers providing a center frequency electrical transmission phase of 90 degrees.

Abstract: A ground conductor and a signal conductor are provided in an insulating magnetic body respectively. The insulating magnetic body is a compound member that combines ferromagnetic metal particles and an insulating resin. A signal transmission element, a connector or a circuit board with high frequency stopping and low pass characteristics which will ensure reliable absorption of high frequency components in the high frequency range, can be provided. The ground conductor and the signal conductor are provided on opposite sides of the insulating magnetic body.

Abstract: An integrated microstrip (14) to suspended stripline (24) transition structure and method for fabricating the same provide a transition from microstrip (14) to suspended stripline (24) transmission line with minimal electrical discontinuity and insensitivity due to misalignment. A conductor (10) has a constant width, while gradually tapering voids (44,42) in ground planes (36, 38) provide a suspended stripline (24) transmission medium. The gradually tapering voids (44, 42) provide impedance transformation and minimize discontinuities during transition due to fabrication tolerances.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a conductive lead line extending between a source and a capacitance load has a width w(x) which is a function of the distance x. For many practical applications such as leads for multichip modules, w(x) can be taken as the exponential function of the distance from the load given by the equation below. For many applications w(x) can be adequately approximated by the first three terms of a power series representation: ##EQU1## where W.sub.0 is the width of the lead line at x=0, C.sub.0 is the load capacitance and C.sub.0 is the area capacitance. For VLSI applications w(x) is a friction which can be designated.noteq.E(W.sub.0, C.sub.0, C.sub.p, C.sub.S, x) where C.sub.p is the perimeter capacitance. E(W.sub.0, C.sub.0, C.sub.p, C.sub.S, x) is derived herein.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes first and second dielectric layers, and an intermediate dielectric layer disposed therebetween. The first dielectric layer has one surface formed with a first coupling line, and the second dielectric layer has one surface formed with a second coupling line. Outside the first dielectric layer, there is a third dielectric layer with a grounding electrode on a surface thereof. Outside the second dielectric layer, there is a fourth dielectric layer with a grounding electrode on a surface thereof. The dielectric layers are laminated together so that a dielectric layer is interposed between the grounding electrode and an adjacent one of the coupling lines. The first and second coupling lines are aligned with each other in the direction of laminate. Each of the first and second coupling lines has a spiral configuration including first to fifth sequential portions. The first portion is substantially parallel with an edge of the dielectric layer on which the line is formed.

Abstract: An RF capacitor circuit having a plurality of capacitors and a method of electronically tuning such circuit is disclosed. The method includes the steps of connecting the capacitors in parallel relation so as to have common nodes and electronically eliminating any number of the capacitors in order to obtain a desired total capacitance for the circuit. The method further includes either connecting a fuse in series relation with each capacitor, wherein each fuse has a designated current rating above which it prevents current from passing to its associated capacitor, or providing each capacitor with a unique breakdown voltage/current. Thus, when a voltage is provided to an input of the circuit, either the current rating of a designated number of fuses or the breakdown voltage/current of a designated number of capacitors is exceeded. Such capacitors are then electronically eliminated and the circuit is tuned to the desired total capacitance.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave transmitting and transferring device with high polarization isolation performance is provided which comprises a circular waveguide and a rectangular waveguide. The circular waveguide has a hollow configuration which has an opening at a front end portion and a closed surface at the rear end. The opening of the circular waveguide is provided with a horn. The circular waveguide is provided with a polarizer, a first probe, a metallic post and a closed end surface serving as a conductive back surface, wherein the first probe is perpendicular to the metallic post and each of them are inclined with respect to the polarizer by 45 degrees. The rectangular waveguide is perpendicular to the circular waveguide and the central axis of the rectangular waveguide is in alignment with the first probe. The rectangular waveguide is provided with a second probe and a conductive back surface serving as closed end surface.

Abstract: A microwave launcher includes a hollow microwave cavity in the shape of a plus sign, four coplanar exit ports in the arms of the microwave cavity, and a non-coplanar entry port at a central hub of the microwave cavity. A single magnetron is in communication with the entry port. There is a controllable, electrically activated microwave barrier at each of the exit ports. Each microwave barrier includes an electrical signal input whose operation controls the activation of the microwave barrier. A switching circuit has a voltage source for the electrical signal input of each of the microwave barriers. Microwave power output from the single microwave source is launched from the selected exit port by using the switching circuit to selectively block microwave passage through each of the nonselected exit ports, but to leave the selected exit port unblocked.

Abstract: A nonreciprocal circuit element having low insertion loss is provided. In the circuit element, three central conductors are disposed such that they intersect each other at specified angles in an electrically isolated condition and a DC bias magnetic field is applied to the intersection. The intersection angles formed by the central conductors are set to different values, corresponding to the rotation angle of the high-frequency magnetic field caused by the DC bias magnetic field. A stronger operating DC magnetic field than that in a conventional circuit element is used to reduce a ferrite loss.

Abstract: In a high frequency transmission arrangement such as that used to deliver microwave energy from a magnetron to a waveguide, a ceramic probe is covered with a non-ceramic dielectric material such as PTFE. This allows the magnetron to operate satisfactorily at low Pressures where arcing would otherwise be expected to occur.

Abstract: A high-frequency switching distributor has a simple construction that is as free of intersections as possible. The distributor includes two or more distributor circuits arranged in two planes on top of one another in a circuit board. Each distributor circuit has an input terminal, and a line connecting the input terminal to a branching circuit. The branching circuit branches into N branch lines, where each branch line has a switch for switchably connecting the branch line to one of N associated output terminals. The output terminals of the two or more distributor circuits are connected to one another.

Abstract: A transmission line arrangement providing control of signal losses through the use of conductor cross-sectional surface area-increasing and skin effect-considered bulbous additions to the rectangular conductor cross-sectional shape frequently used in semiconductor device transmission line conductors. The achieved transmission line is especially suited for use in radio frequency integrated circuit assemblies where it also includes a backplane member, encounters signals in the microwave and millimeter wavelength range and involves conductor dimensions measured in micrometers. Control of transmission line characteristic impedance at, for example, 50 ohms is disclosed as is use of semiconductor device-compatible materials and loss comparisons data.

Abstract: A Lange coupler device which includes a first layer which is a base substrate of a dielectric material such as alumina. Deposited on this substrate are second, third and fourth layers of the device. Each layer is made from a thick-film material. The second layer is a conductive layer, arranged in five parallel lines. One of the outermost lines is connected to the center line at one end of the substrate while the other outermost line is connected to the center line at the opposite end of the substrate. This leaves two lines unconnected at this layer. The third layer is a dielectric layer which has through-holes to: 1) each end of the unconnected lines of the bottom layer, 2) the unconnected ends of the outermost lines and, 3) the middle of the center line. The fourth layer of material is a conductive layer. The fourth layer is arranged as three parallel lines, each perpendicular to the lines of the second layer.

Abstract: An attenuator for signals in the frequency band of 50 to 800 MHz is subject to a range of AGC signal attenuating potentials. The attenuator includes a first attenuating PIN diode connected in series between an input and an output. The opposite ends of the first PIN diode are AC coupled via second and third impedance matching PIN diodes to an AC ground. The first PIN diode exhibits a frequency dependent slope over the wide signal frequency band and the range of AGC potentials. First and second inductors, in the form of metallic foil strips, are connected between the second and third PIN diodes and the AC ground. The foil strips are positioned in close proximity to each other and arranged such that signal currents flow therein in opposite directions to establish a negative mutual coupling coefficient for compensating for the frequency dependent slope of the first PIN diode.

Abstract: An extremely broad band high power termination (10) for microwave and millimeter frequency amplifiers combines a standard resistive low frequency termination (15) with a broad band high frequency absorptive element (13) using an absorptive material such as Eccosorb. A mid-band matching network (14) is provided between the resistive termination (15) and the Eccosorb absorptive element (13). The Eccosorb absorbs the energy of the higher microwave frequencies while the resistor absorbs energy at low frequencies. Accordingly, a much higher power handling capability in a compact planer environment is achieved. This termination (10) is suitable use for use in K-band power amplifier combiners (30) that require high isolation and high power handling capability of the isolated ports (35).

Abstract: Microwave switches are shown which can route signals in an operating frequency band along selectable signal paths between a plurality of microwave ports. The switches are especially suited for forming switching systems that can substitute redundant components for failed components. In one embodiment, waveguide transmission lines and microwave ports are serially coupled in a closed loop with other waveguide transmission lines arranged transversely across the loop. In another embodiment, waveguide modules are formed of three waveguides coupled to a microwave port and the waveguide modules are serially arranged. In each waveguide of these embodiments, conductive reeds are movable between a signal-attenuating position abutting the interior surface of the waveguide and a signal-conducting position substantially coaxial with the waveguide and coupled to the microwave ports at each waveguide end.