Abstract: Administering a live, attenuated Bordetella pertussis-based vaccine to a subject at risk for developing a neurodegenerative disease featuring A? brain plaques can prevent or reduce the amount of A? brain plaques that would have developed in the subject without such treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of biological cells for the mass spectrometric analysis of cellular properties such as taxonomic classification, antibiotic resistances, response to drugs or other active substances, and others. The cells can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic microorganisms which have particularly been cultivated directly on a mass spectrometric sample support, or eukaryotic cells from tissues or cell cultures. The invention proposes that the cells are not disrupted by adding matrix solution for a subsequent ionization by matrix-assisted laser desorption (MALDI), but that they are disrupted in a separate treatment step using acids and/or solvents on the sample support itself. Surprisingly, the cell proteins released then adhere to the sample support so that they can be carefully washed with buffer solution to remove salts and other soluble impurities which can stem from earlier treatment steps, for example from nutrient solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetically modified ascomycetous filamentous fungi, particularly of the species Thermothelomyces heterothallica, capable of producing elevated amounts of nicotinamide riboside.

Abstract: A method of testing compounds for activity to inhibit germination of spores. The method includes the steps of providing bacterial, fungal, or plant spores transformed to contain and express a detectable marker, wherein the marker when expressed, is operationally linked to a spore-specific or yeast-specific protein, in a medium and under environmental conditions in which the spores will germinate, and measuring a first signal output generated by the marker prior to the spores initiating germination; contacting the spores of step (a) with a compound whose activity to inhibit germination of spores is to be measured; incubating the spores of step (b) under environmental conditions and for a time wherein spores not treated with the compound will germinate; and determining extent of germination of the spores by measuring a second signal output generated by the marker, wherein a difference between the first signal output and the second signal output is proportional to the extent of germination of the spores.

Abstract: A process includes providing a gaseous substrate comprising CO2 to a bioreactor; providing acetogenic bacteria and medium to the bioreactor to provide a fermentation broth; providing sodium ions to the bioreactor through one or more sodium ion sources; fermenting the gaseous substrate with the acetogenic bacteria in the fermentation broth to produce one or more organic acids; and controlling a butyric acid to an acetic acid ratio by controlling the pH of the fermentation broth. In one aspect, butyric acid to acetic acid ratio increases when the pH of the fermentation broth decreases, and the ratio of butyric acid to acetic acid concentration decreases when the pH of the fermentation broth increases. The acetogenic bacteria includes a sodium translocating ATPase that is active during fermentation in the bioreactor. The sodium ions are provided so that Na+ is maintained between 1000 to 11000 ppm (g/g) in culture broth.

Abstract: Methods and systems for preparing clonal cell populations are described. In some instances the disclosed methods comprise: a) identifying and selecting a cell based on its position on a surface or in a container, where the selection is not based on whether the cell comprises an exogenous label or an expressed reporter; b) photoablating all non-selected cells on the surface or in the container; and c) growing a clonal population of the selected cell.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for inactivating one or more enzymes in a biological sample.

Abstract: Provided is an immobilized thermostable trehalose synthase including an amino acid sequence of a trehalose synthase domain and an amino acid sequence of a cellulose binding domain. Also provided is a method for converting maltose into trehalose or for converting sucrose into trehalulose by using the immobilized thermostable trehalose synthase.

Abstract: An enzyme-mediated method for the production of 3a-ethyl-6,6,9a-trimethyldodecahydronaphtho[2,1-b]furan, the products of said method, and uses of said products.

Abstract: A method for assessing microbial drug resistance multi-level risks of antibiotic residues in water environments, belonging to the technical field of water environment assessment, comprises the following steps: S1, environment monitoring; S2, preliminary screening of antibiotics: S2-1, determination of n-octanol/water partition coefficient, and S2-2, determination of antibiotic environment concentration; S3, assessment of microbial drug resistance; and S4, high-level assessment. The assessment method of the present disclosure conducts a step-by-step assessment of target antibiotics or target antibiotic derivatives in water environment with risks.

Abstract: A method and modified fermentation intermediate are disclosed for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The method comprises heat sterilizing a fermentation medium comprising dextrose to produce a heat sterilized fermentation medium, wherein the heat sterilizing converts at least a portion of the dextrose to DP2+ sugars. The method comprises combining the heat sterilized fermentation medium with an enzyme capable of converting DP2+ sugars to dextrose, thereby producing a modified heat sterilized fermentation medium comprising more dextrose and less DP+ 2 sugars than without combining the medium with the enzyme. The modified heat sterilized fermentation intermediate may be placed in contact with a microorganism to produce PUFA, wherein the microorganism is capable of utilizing dextrose to produce PUFA.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a method for processing oil crops with rhodotorula, and belongs to the technical field of fermentation. The method includes the step of inoculating the rhodotorula (such as Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Sporidiobolus salmonicolor and Rhodotorula glutinis) that can produce carotenoid into a fermentation medium that contains oil-rich oil crops for solid state fermentation to obtain oil and oil crop meal rich in carotenoid. The carotenoid as a fermentative metabolite of the rhodotorula has bioactivities of resisting oxidation, preventing vascular sclerosis, enhancing immunity and preventing cancers. Contents of carotenoid in the oil and oil crop meal acquired by the method can be up to 9.071 ?g/g and 8.062 ?g/g correspondingly.

Abstract: Provided are pharmaceutical foam compositions comprising a peptone, a peptide hydrolysate or an enzymatically-hydrolyzed protein prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of a full-length protein; methods of preparation and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a production method of enzymatic reaction using adenosine instead of ATP. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding ATP regeneration enzyme, AK enzyme and adenosine in proportion to carry out an enzymatic reaction in an enzymatic reaction system; (2) separating the ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by either directly separating ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme immobilized in a reaction tank or separating free ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by an ultrafiltration membrane in a filter; and (3) separating and purifying the filtrate of step (2) to obtain a product. The disclosed method provides: greatly reduced industrial production costs; faster reaction rate; stable enzyme recovery system that is energy efficient and environmentally friendly; and capability of reusing the byproducts or collecting them for the production of ATP.

Abstract: The subject invention provides microbe-based products and efficient methods of producing them. In specific embodiments, methods are provided for enhanced production of microbial biosurfactants, the methods comprising co-cultivating Myxococcus xanthus and Bacillusamyloliquefaciens. In preferred embodiments, co-cultivation is carried out continuously for an indefinite period of time. Microbe-based products produced according to the subject methods are also provided, as well as their uses in, for example, agriculture, oil and gas recovery, and health care.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing biogas from a waste liquid/residue after diosgenin extraction by aluminum chloride. Specifically, in a fermentation vessel, an anaerobic sludge and a waste residue from diosgenin extraction by aluminum chloride are added at a volatile solids ratio of (1-3):(1-2), or a seeding sludge and a diosgenin waste liquid are added with an organic loading having a VS:COD ratio of (1-2):(1-2); and then the above components are fermented at 35-37° C. for 5-25 d such that biogas is produced. According to the method of the present invention, the maximum cumulative biogas production rates are 255.4 mL/g VS for waste residue and 326.9 mL/g COD for waste liquid, and throughout the fermentation period, ammoniacal nitrogen values are below 1500 mg/L and pH variation is within the normal range, and the COD removal rate for the fermentation broth is 91.11%.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a novel enzymatic process for production of retinyl esters, such as in particular retinyl long chain esters, via conversion of retinol, which process includes the use of enzymes having acyltransferase activity. Said process might be used for biotechnological production of vitamin A.

Abstract: An immobilized enzymatic reactor can include a wall defining a chamber having an inlet and an outlet; a solid stationary phase covalently linked to an enzyme and disposed within the chamber; and a pressure modulator in a fluid communication with the chamber and adapted to support continuous flow of a liquid sample comprising a polymer analyte through the inlet, over the solid stationary phase, and out of the outlet under a pressure between about 2,500 and 35,000 psi. In one example, the solid stationary phase includes inorganic/organic hybrid particles in an ultra performance liquid chromatography system, the enzyme is a protease, and the polymer analyte is a polypeptide. The immobilized enzymatic reactor can prepare an analyte for applications such as for hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pregabalin artificial hapten, artificial antigen and preparation method therefor and application thereof. The structure of the pregabalin artificial hapten is shown as formula (I) and structure of the pregabalin artificial antigen is shown as formula (II). The application is in the preparation for anti-pregabalin antibodies with the pregabalin artificial antigen. The pregabalin artificial hapten retains the characteristic structure of pregabalin to the greatest extent, and has an active group that can be coupled with a carrier protein, and can be used as an antigenic determinant; the pregabalin artificial antigen obtained by further preparation can immune to obtain anti-pregabalin antibodies with high affinity, high sensitivity and strong specificity. The titer of the immune serum obtained by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits is as high as 1:90000, which can be used for rapid and accurate immunoassay of pregabalin.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the maturation state of mammalian sperm for use in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is disclosed. A mammalian ejaculate is provided and incubated under controlled conditions. Aliquots of the ejaculate are assayed during incubation period at intervals to determine maturation state and changes in the maturation state by observing the percent positive cells in the aliquot. The assays are repeated with successive aliquots at intervals during incubation to observe real time changes in the maturation state. The ejaculate remaining is processed for the desired ART after the percentage of positive cells in the latest aliquot being assayed begins to decline.