Abstract: Metal-free polymer compositions are disclosed which contain selectively swellable emulsion polymer functionalities and which are cross-linked before film formation to an extent that still allows the polymers to form a film upon application, which film is removable with a stripper solution containing swellant for the polymer functionality. When the polymers are formulated into sacrificial coatings, the polishes produce detergent resistant and removable finishes.

Abstract: A copolymer composition for treating paper and paper products to impart water, oil or grease repellency comprising monomers copolymerized in the following percentages by weight:(a) from about 60% to about 90% of at least one monomer of formula I:R.sub.f -Q-A-C(O)-C(R).dbd.CH.sub.2 IwhereinR.sub.f is a C.sub.2-20 straight or branched-chain perfluoroalkyl group,R is H or CH.sub.3,A is O, S, or N(R'), wherein R' is H or a C.sub.1-14 alkyl,Q is C.sub.1-15, alkylene, C.sub.3-15 hydroxyalkylene, --(C.sub.n H.sub.2n)(OC.sub.q H.sub.2q).sub.m --, --SO.sub.2 --NR'(C.sub.n H.sub.2n)--, or --CONR'(C.sub.n H.sub.2n)--, wherein R' is H or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, n is 1 to 15, q is 2 to 4, and m is 1 to 15;(b) from about 10% to about 40% of at least one monomer of formula II:(R.sub.1).sub.2 N--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --O--C(O)--C(R.sub.2).dbd.CH.sub.2 IIwherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-3 alkyl, R.sub.2 is H or a C.sub.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for (co)polymerizing vinyl monomers in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, characterized in that said radical polymerization initiator is a 3-methylpentyl-3-peroxy alkanoate of formula (I) wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent alkyl groups each having at most 9 carbon atoms with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is at most 11, said 3-methylpentyl-3-peroxy alkanoate being employed in an amount of 0.002 to 2.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of monomers present, said process being carried out at a temperature above 20.degree. C. The use of 3-methylpentyl-3-peroxy alkanoates in the present invention surprisingly and unexpectedly results in a higher polymerization velocity, a shortened polymerization time, and an increase in conversion as compared with the results obtained by using other radical polymerization initiators.

Abstract: A temperature sensitive water absorbing and discharging polymer composition having a predetermined selected temperature sensing point, which controls water absorbability, is obtained by polymerizing in an aqueous solution N-alkyl acrylamide derivatives with acrylic acid, alkali metal salts of acrylic acid or mixtures thereof, and diacetone acrylamide. The temperature sensitive water absorbing and water discharging polymer composition is modified to control the temperature sensing point and has a high water discharging and absorbing property above and below the temperature sensing point. The composition is utilized in a wide variety of sanitary materials such as paper diapers, soil improvers in agricultural and horticultural fields for plants and vegetables such as soil water supplying agents or soil water retaining agents, water proof sealing materials, sandbags, temperature sensors, chemical valves, solid-liquid separation materials and liquid concentrating materials.

Abstract: An energy polymerizable composition comprising at least one cationically curable 5 or 6 membered 1,3 oxazyl heterocyclic compounds, including 1,3-oxazoline and 1,3-oxazine monomers or compound and a catalytically effective amount of an initiator comprising an organometallic compound, wherein such oxazoline homopolymers and copolymers exhibit increased rates of reaction, improved thermal stability, and higher glass transition temperatures. The resultant adhesive compositions are particularly useful in electronic applications, such as bonding to polyimide sheets or film, flexible circuits or fiber optic connectors.

Abstract: Living random (meth)acrylic copolymers, facilely converted into random co(meth)acrylates and block copolymers thereof, comprise the anionic copolymerizates of at least one comonomer A with at least one comonomer B selected from among the (meth)acrylates and maleimides, at least one of the comonomers A and B comprising a (meth)acrylate, in the presence of (i) at least one alkali or alkaline earth metal, mono- or difunctional initiator and (ii) at least one ligand, for example a nonnitrogenous macrocyclic complexant, e.g., a crown ether, or an alkali metal alcoholate.

Abstract: Novel N-substituted maleimide homopolymers having a number-average molecular weight ranging from 12,000 to about 100,000 are prepared by anionically polymerizing an N-substituted maleimide monomer, in solvent phase, in the presence of at least one organometallic polymerization initiator which comprises sec-butyllithium, a sodium alcoholate, diphenylmethylpotassium, naphthalenelithium or naphthalenesodium, and novel N-substituted maleimide homopolymers having a polydispersity index ranging from 1.1 to 1.5 are prepared by anionically polymerizing an N-substituted maleimide monomer, in solvent phase, in the presence of at least one alkali metal organometallic polymerization initiator and at least one inorganic or organic salt of an alkali or alkaline earth metal; novel block copolymers include blocks of the above maleimido homopolymers and, e.g., blocks of an acrylic or methacrylic polymer.

Abstract: Compound of the Formula 1 ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from the group comprising hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6alkyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 haloalkyl, phenyl, and substituted phenyl;X is selected from the group comprising sulfur, sulphone, disulfide;Y is selected from oxygen, carbon, N--H, N-alkyl, N-aryl, or sulfur; andZ is any linking functionality.The compounds represent a new class of ring opening monomers.

Abstract: A soil stabilization polymer grout composition comprising (a) a C.sub.8 to C.sub.10 alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid; optionally,(b) an ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid having a T.sub.g of greater than about 50.degree. C.; (c) a crosslinking agent; and (d) a free-radical initiator. The composition when filled to provide a composite provides a hardened material which is re-enterable.

Abstract: Strongly swellable, moderately crosslinked poly(vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate) copolymer (XL-PVP/VA) in the form of fine, white powders characterized by (a) an aqueous gel volume of about 15 to 150 ml/g of polymer, (b) a Brookfield viscosity in 5% aqueous solution of at least about 10,000 cps, and (c) being prepared directly by precipitation polymerization of VP and VA monomers in the presence of a crosslinking agent in the amount of about 0.1 to about 2% by weight of VP and VA.

Abstract: A network polymer that contains:(a) a plurality of polymer chains which are derived from one or more ethylenically-unsaturated monomer(s), and(b) at least one linking group which links the polymer chains and which contains anhydride, carbonate, or uretidinedione moieties.The network polymer and other network polymers which contain similar dissociating groups are useful in curable formulations which contain a curable compound that contains:(a) a central moiety, and(b) a plurality of reactive groups which are bonded to the central moiety and which react with acid, hydroxyl, or isocyanate moieties liberated by dissociation of the anhydride, carbonate, or uretidinedione moieties.The curable composition builds viscosity more slowly and more controllably during curing than equivalent systems which do not contain the network polymer. It is useful in coatings and other uses for curable compositions.

Abstract: Novel polymerizable yellow dyes are disclosed. Additionally, novel and known dyes are used to block or lower the intensity of blue light transmitted through ocular lenses and other windows.

Abstract: An alkenyl-substituted bisnadimide represented by the following formula [1]: ##STR1## [wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 individually represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and E is an alkylene.multidot.phenylene group or an alkylene.multidot.phenylene.multidot.alkylene group represented by the following formula [2]: ##STR2## (wherein a is an integer of 0 or 1, and R.sup.3 and R.sup.3' individually represent a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylene group or a C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylene group)], a process for the preparation of the same and a process for curing the same are disclosed. Further, an adhesive material and a coating material containing the bisnadimide as a curing component are also disclosed. A cured material obtaind from the bisnadimide has excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, toughness, adhesion property to many kinds of substrates, and so on. The adhesive material shows excellent heat resistance and the coating material shows excellent boiling water resistance.

Abstract: Polymeric dyes that comprise (a) segments that render the dyes soluble or dispersible in hydrocarbon solvents and (b) segments that impart color. The polymeric dyes can be introduced into hydrocarbon solvents or formed in hydrocarbon solvents to form stable colored dispersions, which can be used as toners for electrophotography. In these toners, the polymeric dye contains macromeric moieties that render the polymeric dye dispersible in hydrocarbon solvents. The polymeric dye may contain either a charge-directing chelating moiety or a surface-release promoting moiety or both of these moieties.

Abstract: Personal wash compositions containing an anionic surfactant as a cleaning agent and a cationic dendrimer as a mildness aid. The dendrimer lowers the irritation potential of the surfactant. Cationic dendrimers remain dispersed in anionic surfactant solutions. The dendrimers are significantly less viscous than linear cationic polymeric mildness aids and are monodispersed. Furthermore, the dendrimers perform better than linear cationic polymers, especially in the presence of harsh anionic surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Abstract: A random copolymer characterized in that (A) the copolymer comprises polymerized units from ethylene and polymerized units from at least one cycloolefin, (B) the mole ratio of the polymerized units from the cycloolefin to the polymerized units from ethylene is from 3:97 to 60:40, (C) the cycloolefin is incorporated in the polymer chain without ring opening, (D) the copolymer has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.01 to 20 dl/g, (E) the copolymer has a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of not more than 4, and (F) the copolymer has a crystallinity of 0 to 10%. The random copolymer may be grafted by (a) alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or their derivatives, (b) styrenes, (c) organic silicon compounds having an olefinically unsaturated bond and a hydrolyzable group, or (d) unsaturated epoxy monomers.

Abstract: Inherently tacky infusible pressure-sensitive adhesive microspheres prepared by suspension polymerization of at least one water insoluble alkyl acrylate ester, the improvement which comprises conducting the polymerization in the presence of a buffer provided in an amount sufficient to maintain pH between 6 to 9.5 and in the presence of a surfactant to stabilize the product.

Abstract: Mechanically strong; heat-resistant and transparent PMMA polymers having a high content of syndiotactic triads, a number average molecular weight ranging from 5,000 to 500,000 and a polydispersity index ranging from 1.01 to 1.5, are prepared by anionically polymerizing methyl methacrylate, characteristically at a temperature of at least 0.degree. C., in the presence of (a) at least one organolithium or organosodium initiator and (b) at least one AlR.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 ligand, for example at least one di- or tri-phenoxy alkyl aluminum compound.

Abstract: A one-step for making a lightly-crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogel by polymerizing vinyl pyrrolidone in water in the presence of a suitable crosslinker such as 1-vinyl-3(E)-ethylidene pyrrolidone and a free radical initiator under initial agitation conditions sufficient to overcome the inertia of the polymer when formed.

Abstract: Hydrophilic contact lenses made using a crosslinking agent of the formulaA--X--(O--(C(O).sub.i --R--(C(O)).sub.i --O--X).sub.n --Awherein R contains one or more cyclic or bicyclic moiety, X is linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl, optionally substituted, and A is acrylate, methacrylate, vinylbenzoyloxy or vinylphenoxy, exhibit superior hydrophilicity, oxygen transmissivity, and physical properties.