Abstract: A sensor head includes a sensor element whose measurement signal can be fed to a comparator. The comparator compares the measurement signal to a threshold value and forwards a binary output signal to a transmission circuit. The sensor head is provided with electric energy via a proprietary two-wire line. In addition, the output signal can be transmitted from the transmission circuit via the two-wire line to a higher-order control module that is located outside of the sensor head. At least two sensor heads of this type can be connected to the control module.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptides as inhibitors of the binding of urokinase to the urokinase receptor. The peptides have the general structural formula (I): X1-[X2]n-X3-X4-K-Y-F-X5-X6-I-X7-W-[X8]m  (I) in which X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 each denote an aminocarboxylic acid, n and m are each independently 0 or 1, K denotes an aminocarboxylic acid with a lysine side chain, Y denotes an aminocarboxylic acid with a tyrosine side chain, F denotes an aminocarboxylic acid with a phenyl-alanine side chain, I denotes an aminocarboxylic acid with an isoleucine side chain, W denotes an aminocarboxylic acid with a tryptophan side chain, and the monomeric building blocks are linked by —CONR1— or —NR1CO— bonds where R1 in each case independently denotes hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and pharmaceutically compatible salts and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus (10) for cooling an internal combustion engine (11), preferably a 4-cylinder in-line engine, having coolant connections (13, 13′, 14, 14′; 17, 17′-24, 24′) to a cooling loop, the coolant connections being connected to at least one cooling jacket region (12′, 12″, 12′″) of the engine (11). The invention provides that as the coolant connections, a group of inflow lines (17-24) and outflow lines (17′-24′), paired with one another, is provided, and each pair of inflow and outflow lines, because of its respective flow direction, defines a flow path, and each cylinder (15, 15′, 15″, 15′″) is assigned at least one flow path supplying it. The flow directions of these flow paths extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the crankshaft defined by the in-line arrangement of individual cylinders (15, 15, 15″, 15′″).

Abstract: The invention concerns a cooling system for a motor vehicle having at least one coolant pump (30) that is provided in order to circulate coolant in the cooling system, and having a main radiator (10) that has at least one main radiator inlet (11) and at least one main radiator outlet (12), whereby the main radiator inlet (11) is interconnected at least part of the time with a coolant outlet (24) of an internal combustion engine (20) to be cooled, while the main radiator outlet (12) is interconnected with a coolant inlet (23) of the internal combustion engine (20).

Abstract: A method for controlling/regulating a process in a motor vehicle, in particular a combustion process, gear-shifting process, or braking process, with the help of a characteristics grid map, which is defined by a plurality of performance quantities of the process and represented by data points that have corresponding characteristics-map values. At least one characteristics-map value is determined from the characteristics grid map in a control cycle for an operating point by first determining adjacent data points, which define an interpolation range in which the operating point lies, and by then interpolating between the adjacent data points. To reduce the computational time for interpolation, the at least one characteristics-map value is determined for the operating range within the framework of a linear interpolation based on a minimum number of data points.

Abstract: Compositions for dyeing keratin fibers, especially human hair, contain oxidation dye pre-cursor compounds and/or at least one direct-dyeing dye compound and at least one nonionic, amphiphilic associative thickener in a suitable cosmetic carrier. Methods of dyeing hair with these dye compositions are also described.

Abstract: A method for controlling/regulating a process in a motor vehicle, in particular a combustion process, gear-shifting process, or braking process, with the help of a characteristics grid map, which is defined by a plurality of performance quantities of the process and represented by data points that have corresponding characteristics-map values. At least one characteristics-map value is determined from the characteristics grid map in a control cycle for an operating point by first determining adjacent data points, which define an interpolation range in which the operating point lies, and by then interpolating between the adjacent data points. To reduce the computational time for interpolation, the at least one characteristics-map value is determined for the operating range within the framework of a linear interpolation based on a minimum number of data points.

Abstract: A closure for a tank, in particular a fuel tank for a motor vehicle or the like, that has a tank filling pipe which can be closed with a closure flap, is described. The closure flap has a locking device with which it can be locked and unlocked and is also connected by a hinge or the like, so that it can move into the interior of the tank filling pipe. The locking device is located completely beneath the closure flap so that the closure flap can be locked and unlocked. Thus the locking device is not accessible from the outside, so it cannot be damaged or operated by an unauthorized party. The tank filling pipe can also be sealed airtight by the closure flap or by a closure valve arranged in the tank filling pipe.

Abstract: A proximity switch including a connector insert (4) and connection pins (4) are not securely connected to one another. Apart from a potting compound which fills the housing, the connection pins are held only by a printed circuit board. This permits easy assembly, and no forces are transmitted to a sensor element via the printed circuit board.

Abstract: The creamy bleaching agent suspension is mixed with an oxidizing agent prior to applying it to the hair to form a composition for bleaching or decolorizing hair. This creamy bleaching agent suspension contains less than 2.5% by weight water and a mixture of at least one inorganic persalt, at least one alkaline reacting salt, from 0.5 to 20 percent by weight of a thickening substance, which consists essentially of an acrylic acid polymer and one or more cellulose, alginate and/or polysaccharide polymers, and from 26.5 to 35 percent by weight of at least one oil or wax, and, as needed, one or more cosmetic additive ingredient. From 0.1 to 3 percent by weight of the acrylic acid polymer must be present in the composition.

Abstract: The composition for dyeing keratin fibers is mixed with water prior to use and contains from 35 to 75 percent by weight of at least one powdery vegetable dye material; from 25 to 65 percent by weight of at least one oil; and from 0.001 to 15 percent by weight of a physiologically unobjectionable nitro dye compound, azo dye compound, quinone dye compound and/or a triphenylmethane dye compound. A method of dyeing hair using this composition is also described.

Abstract: A method for controlling processes in a motor vehicle is intended, for example, for open-loop/closed-loop control of combustion processes, transmission switching processes or braking processes. An engine characteristics map is formed by operating quantities of the respective process and is represented by a number of support points. In the corresponding control unit, for each support point a piece of information about the value of the map at the position of the support point is provided. In the open-loop/closed-loop control of the process, for a determined working point of the process at least one map value that is decisive for this working point is determined from the map and taking account of this, at least one control quantity for the emission of a control signal is formed. The map is automatically adapted to a changed process behavior. For the adaptation, a correction value is determined for a certain operating phase of the map.

Abstract: An adjustable discharge nozzle for blowing air is constructed in a structurally simple manner. A second pipe section is fit over a first pipe section substantially without play and it is fixed longitudinally but rotatable about the longitudinal axis. A relative rotation of the two pipe sections moves a blowing air discharge opening along a longitudinal direction defined by the pipes. The blowing air outlet is defined as an overlap between a longitudinal slit formed in the first pipe section and an oblique slit formed in the second pipe section. The oblique slit is inclined relative to the longitudinal slit.

Abstract: A valve arrangement including a distributor housing (2) with a distributor duct (4), an inlet duct (46) which leads into the distributor duct (4), at least two outlet ducts (11, 12, 13) which lead out of the distributor duct (4), and a value associated with eac;h outlet duct. The values are integrated into the distributor housing (2) and have regulating flaps (31, 32, 33) whose axes of rotation (37, 38, 39) are arranged such that the flaps are situated partially in the distributor duct (4) and partially in the associated outlet duct (11, 12, 13). This construction reduces the overall size of the valve arrangement and eliminates dead spaces in which medium flowing through the valve arrangement could become trapped.

Abstract: A system applicable to motor vehicles having a master brake cylinder with a pressure fluid supply container and at least one pressure control valve assembly is associated with a wheel brake. A pump provided which in the anti-skid mode pumps pressure fluid drawn from the wheel brake to the master brake cylinder by use of the pressure control valve assembly. In a traction control mode, the pump draws pressure fluid from the master brake cylinder and forces it to the wheel brake. To this end, the pressure control valve assembly has a first line connection communicating with the master brake cylinder, a second line connection communicating with the wheel brake, and a third line connection through which quantities of pressure fluid flows in the anti-skid mode to reduce the wheel brake pressure.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for controlling a system safety valve comprising an operating cylinder for displacing a valve closing member, and in which outflow and inflow solenoid valves communicating with the operating cylinder for guiding hydraulic fluid out of and into the operating cylinder, respectively, are electronically controlled in accordance with the system pressure to enable stepwise opening or closing of the safety valve.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for open-loop and closed-loop control of operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine, it is proposed that the anticipatory or pilot control area, which is variable by means of learning, be embodied such that in a factor characteristic field associated with a basic characteristic field, not only the particular support point but with decreasing influence outward the area surrounding it as well are changed by the carry-over of an averaged regulating factor value. Alternatively, or preferably combined therewith, the factor characteristic field is replaced by at least two correcting characteristic fields, which have larger inclusion areas, overlapping one another, for each support point, so that even in the event of fluctuations of input quantities about a border of an area, at least one of the correcting characteristic fields will be addressed.

Abstract: An elastic coupling (1) of disc construction and of the kind in which two coupling halves (2, 3) rotationally interlock and have helical compression springs (5) tangentially arranged in ports (4) in the coupling halves, which transmit torque from one coupling half to the other. So as to avoid the springs curving outwards at high rotational speed and/or with a low loading, under the effect of centrifugal force, sliding members (10) are loosely inserted into the ports. The sliding member can either be constructed with a concave groove (11) which partially surrounds the spring from outside and is disposed between the coils of the spring and its respective ports, or in the shape of a bar (10a) which is loosely inserted coaxially into the spring.

Abstract: There is provided a tooth system for the static transmission of a torque between two machine components coaxially disposed in one another, e.g. a shaft and a hub, in which the tooth surfaces are straight and are designed with a very large pressure angle and with large tip and root fillet radii. The pressure angle of one component deviating slightly from that of the other component by half the torsion angle so as to overcome backlash. As a result, under load, the tooth surfaces abut over their entire surface. Also, the hubs can be produced with a smaller blanking indentation, in particular in the case of discs made of sheet metal, which increases the bearing capacity, and furthermore this can be done even more precisely, which results in an increase in centering precision and less noise generation during operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for controlling operating characteristic quantities of an internal combustion engine. For issuing an uncorrected anticipatory control value, a characteristic field is addressed by directing pregiven operating characteristic quantities as addresses and, with a simultaneously superposed control, an averaged value of the control factor is applied to the anticipatory control region for effecting an adaptive learning procedure. From the averaged control factor, a global factor is defined which works multiplicatively on the entire basic characteristic field. This considers especially multiplicative disturbance influences.