Abstract: To determine the density of a stream of fibrous material on a cigarette manufacturing machine, two different measurements are performed, the first of which is capacitive and supplies a first signal as a function of the density of the dry component and of the density of the liquid in the stream of fibrous material, and the second of which is optical and supplies a second signal indicating the density of the dry component; the second signal is combined with the first signal to obtain a third signal indicating the density of the liquid in the stream of fibrous material; and, from the third and second signals, a fourth signal is obtained indicating the density of the stream of fibrous material as the sum of the density of the dry component and of the liquid in the stream of fibrous material.

Abstract: Equipment for cooking a plurality of containers of food has parallel rails for defining positions for each container in the cooking chamber, has a sensor arrangement for determining the presence of a container at a position, a timer for receiving the output of the sensor arrangement to start timing of the cooking duration and creating an output signal at the end of the cooking duration which is applied to a display to indicate the completion of the cooking of the particular container in that position.

Abstract: A container to hold aromatic substances which can be sealed aroma-tight with a composite film consisting of several laminae. The composite film on the top of the container is made up of an aroma-tight outer film having at least two laminae and an aroma-permeable inner film which is detachably bonded to the outer film by means of a bonding agent. The outer film can be applied onto the inner film or membrane film, which consists of at least two permanently bonded laminae, whereby the lamina adhering to the container is made of polyethylene and the third or top lamina is made of a polymer materialwhich has a different density. The surface structure of the side of the membrane film facing away from the container is selected in such away that the entire membrane film stays on the container when the outer film (16) is pulled off.

Abstract: A process for defoaming and/or degassing organic systems by addition of an organopolysiloxane-containing anti-foaming agent to the organic system is characterized by the fact that the organopolysiloxane used is one composed of siloxane units having the general formulae (I) and (II), in which R is a univalent hydrocarbon residue with 1 to 18 carbon atoms per residue; A is a residue having the general formula (a), in which R.sup.1 is a residue having the formula --CR.sup.3 H--, where R.sup.3 stands for a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic residue; R.sup.2 is a residue having the formulae --CR.sup.4 H--CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- where R.sup.4 stands for a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic residue; v and w represent each O or an integer, the sum of v+w being in average 0 to 16; x and y represent each 0 or 1, the sum x+y being 1 or 2; a equals 1,2 or 3; b equals 0, 1 or 2 and c equals 1 or 2, the sum b+c not exceeding 3.

Abstract: A method and system in which a programmed digital computer serving as a graphical "engine" is employed to construct an executable model for a complex system using a hierarchy of so called "Colored" Petri nets (CPN's or CP-nets). The operation of the complex system is specified in terms of a graphical net structure and formal net inscriptions, such as arc expressions and guards, which ensure development of a program, or executable model, and associated data structures, properly defining the system. Sophisticated syntax checks and other tools are provided for ensuring that the model so constructed conforms to a set of rules which guarantee valid system behavior.

Abstract: The invention relates to antifoam compositions containing an essentially linear organopolysiloxane, a silicone resin containing essentially triorganosiloxy and SiO.sub.4/2 units, and a filler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an economically manufactured monomode quartz glass light waveguide and to a method for producing it, particularly for the spectral range around 1.3 .mu.m and around 1.56 .mu.m, with optical transmission losses less than 0.5 dB/km. This is accomplished by a light carrying core region surrounded by inner and outer (quartz glass) jacket regions. The outer diameters of the inner jacket region and of the core region have a ratio which lies in a value range from about 1.8 to about 3.5.

Abstract: An optical element particularly elements of IR optics comprises a system of a plurality of infrared transmitting optically effective thin layers of substances. The substances are chosen from the group: germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide, chalcogenide glasses, thorium fluoride, yttrium fluoride, and praseodymium fluoride. The layers are applied to an infrared transmitting substrate of a material of the group: germanium, zinc selenide, zinc sulfide and chalcogenide glasses. An intermediate layer is disposed between the thin layers and the infrared transmitting substrate and this has a maximum thickness of 100 nm and comprises a material of the group: hafnium oxide, yttrium oxide, and scandium oxide.

Abstract: Light-controlled thyristor, including a semiconductor body having a surface, a first zone being of a given conduction type and having a given depth and being adjacent to the surface of the body, a second zone of the given conduction type having a region intended for exposure, a third zone of a conduction type opposite to the given type being disposed under the first and second zones and having a part thereof emerging to the surface of the body between the first and second zones and having a depression formed therein containing the region intended for exposure, electrodes contacting the first and second zones, said second zone having a first and a second subzone, the first subzone having the given depth and being disposed between the part of the third zone emerging to the surface of the body and the depression, the first subzone being in contact with one of the electrodes, the second subzone being the region intended for exposure in the depression and being formed by implanted ions, the second subzone being di

Abstract: Aqueous dispersible defoamers containing an organopolysiloxane, filler, a dispersant which is at least in part a surfactant and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3 diisobutyloxypentane, in which at least a portion of the organopolysiloxane contains in addition to the SiC-bonded organic radicals, SiOC-bonded radicals having at least 6 carbon atoms per radical which contain carbon and hydrogen atoms and/or carbon, hydrogen and at least 2 oxygen atoms per radical and may also contain at least one silicon atom.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing organopolysiloxanes containing phosphonitrile chlorides or their reaction products which promote the condensation and/or equilibration of organopolysiloxanes which comprises reacting at least one compound containing at least one epoxy group per molecule with the phosphorus compounds present in the organopolysiloxanes.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymeric organosilicon compounds containing aryl radicals and to a method for improving the gliding or slipping properties of organic fibers treated therewith. The polymeric organosilicon compounds are represented by the formulaM.sub.a R.sub.b Si{[(OSiR.sub.2).sub.n D].sub.m (OSiR.sub.2).sub.n OSiR.sub.3-d M.sub.d }.sub.4-a-bin which R is hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, D represents radicals of the formula--X.sub.a A--X.sub.a (A--X.sub.a).sub.c --,X represents the groups: ##STR1## --NR'--, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --R"--, --NR'R", ##STR2## --OR"--, --SR"--, --SO.sub.2 R", where R' is hydrogen or R, R" is a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, A is a bivalent or substituted bivalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical, M represents radicals of the formula--X.sub.a --A--X.sub.a (A--X.sub.a).sub.c H,a is 0 or 1, b is 0, 1 or 2, c is 0 or a number of from 1 to 5, m is 0 or a number of from 1 to 20, n is a number of from 1 to 1,000 with the proviso that at least one OSiP.

Abstract: An optical copying arrangement, particularly an electrostatic copying arrangement, has a carriage provided with a transparent supporting plate for an original and movable in a substantially horizontal direction, a drive for moving an image carrier onto which an image is to be copied from the original, and a scanning system arranged to scan the original supported on the supporting plate by successive strips and form a copy on the image carrier, wherein the supporting plate has a part which in initial position of the carriage is located prior to a first strip, considered in direction of carriage movement, and is bent downwardly relative to the main part of the supporting plate.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying device comprises a transparent support plate onto which an original to be copied is placed. A slide carrying a recording cylinder provided on its peripheral surface with a photosensitive layer is movable beneath and parallel to the transparent support plate. At least one gear coaxially fixed to the recording cylinder meshes with a rack extending parallel to the path of movement of the slide to rotate the recording cylinder during movement of the slide. The slide carries also a raster objective stepwise scanning the original during movement of the slide to produce a latent image of the original on the photosensitive peripheral surface of the recording cylinder, which picture is transferred to an endless dielectric band forming an intermediate recording carrier and from the latter the picture is transferred to a photosensitive paper sheet fed onto the band along which also a plurality of usual treating stations are arranged for developing the image on the paper sheet.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymeric organosilicon compounds containing aryl radicals and to a method for improving the gliding or slipping properties of organic fibers treated therewith. The polymeric organosilicon compounds are represented by the formulaM.sub.a R.sub.b Si{[(OSiR.sub.2).sub.n D].sub.m (OSiR.sub.2).sub.n OSiR.sub.3-d M.sub.d }4-a-bin which R is hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, D represents radicals of the formula--X.sub.a A--X.sub.a (A--X.sub.a).sub.c --,X represents the groups: ##STR1## where R' is hydrogen or R, R" is a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, A is a bivalent or substituted bivalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical, M represents radicals of the formula--X.sub.a --A--X.sub.a (A--X.sub.a).sub.c H,a is 0 or 1, b is 0, 1 or 2, c is 0 or a number of from 1 to 5, d is 0 or 1, m is 0 or a number of from 1 to 20, n is a number of from 1 to 1,000 with the proviso that at least one OSiR.sub.2 -- unit and at least one X.sub.a --A--X.sub.

Abstract: Brake fluids containing at least 80 percent by weight based on the weight of the brake fluids of an organopolysiloxane containing triorganosiloxy endblocking units, diorganosiloxane units and from 0.5 to 20 mole percent of units of the formulaR'SiO.sub.2/3'where R' represents the same or different monovalent aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl radicals or halogenated monovalent aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl radicals, in which at least 99 percent of the number of silicon valences are saturated by hydrocarbon radicals, halogenated hydrocarbon radicals, cyanoalkyl radicals or siloxane oxygen atoms.

Abstract: The remnants of film units which are withdrawn from a cassette in the housing of a camera for instant photography are reintroduced into the cassette subsequent to development of images and separation of image-bearing sheets. The reintroduction can be effected by a manually operated yoke, by the pressure applying rolls which serve to spread a fluid processing agent between the positive and negative sheets of an exposed film unit, by an additional roll in cooperation with one of the pressure applying rolls, or by a separate set of advancing rolls.

Abstract: This invention relates to polymeric organosilicon compounds containing aryl radicals and to a method for improving the gliding or slipping properties of organic fibers treated therewith. The polymeric organosilicon compounds are represented by the formulaM.sub.a R.sub.b Si{[(OSiR.sub.2).sub.n D].sub.m (OSiR.sub.2).sub.n OSiR.sub.3-a M.sub.a }.sub.4-a-bin which R is hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, D represents radicals of the formula--X.sub.a A--X.sub.a (A--X.sub.a).sub.c --,X represents the groups: ##STR1## --NR'--, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 --, --R"--, --NR'R", ##STR2## --OR"--, --SR"--, --SO.sub.2 R", where R' is hydrogen or R, R" is a bivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, A is a bivalent or substituted bivalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical, M represents radicals of the formula--X.sub.a --A--X.sub.a (A--X.sub.a).sub.c H,a is 0 or 1, b is 0, 1 or 2, c is 0 or a number of from 1 to 5, m is 0 or a number of from 1 to 20, n is a number of from 1 to 1,000 with the proviso that at least one OSiR.

Abstract: The invention concerns an improvement in the process for the production of dispersions of diorganopolysiloxanes and lubricant-acting inorganic silicates in water, whereby these dispersions contain, in addition to the above-mentioned substances, lecithin and nonionic emulsifiers, as well as solvents, ionic emulsifiers, lubricants other than inorganic silicates and diorganopolysiloxane, bactericides, fungicides, thickeners, antifoaming agents, rust inhibitors and dyes. The improvement is achieved by emulsifying the lecithin, nonionic emulsifier and water with each other before this mixture is mixed with at least 80% by weight of the diorganopolysiloxane contained in the finished dispersion, and, optionally, lubricants other than inorganic silicates and diorganopolysiloxanes. Furthermore, the invention concerns the application of the dispersions produced according to the invention as release agents, especially as inner tire release agents.

Abstract: Organosilanes containing aliphatic double bonds and a process for preparing the same which comprises reacting an organic compound having more than one aliphatic double bond with a silane having an Si-bonded hydrogen atom and at least one hydrolyzable group and/or at least one group capable of being hydrolyzed more readily than the Si-bonded hydrogen atom in the presence of a catalyst which promotes the addition of Si-bonded hydrogen atoms to aliphatic double bonds.These organosilanes are used as reinforcing agents for compositions containing organic polymers which are crosslinked by means of sulfur or free radicals.