Abstract: A heat dissipation device includes a heat sink (10) and a first heat pipe (20) enclosing a bottom edge of the heat sink. The heat sink includes a base (12) defining a first passage (120) extending therethrough. The first heat pipe includes a first transferring section (22) extending in the first passage and totally embedded in the base and a pair of first dissipating sections (24) extending from the first transferring section. The first dissipating sections of the first heat pipe are attached on an outer periphery of the base. The first transferring section of the first heat pipe absorbs heat in the middle of the base and transfers it to the first dissipating sections to evenly distribute the heat throughout the whole base.

Abstract: A lens for a backlight, including: a light transmissive body including outer and inner surface areas, the outer surface area having a convex surface and a concave surface, the inner surface area having a convex surface and a concave surface, wherein the convex surface of the outer surface area has a curvature different from a curvature of the convex surface of the inner surface area and the concave surface of the outer surface area has a curvature different from a curvature of the concave surface of the inner surface area.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for providing a ring back tone in a mobile communication terminal. Character information is received through a wireless data communication or generated through a user input. The character information is transformed into voice using a text-to-speech transformer and then provided as a ring back tone.

Abstract: A battery management system to set an OCV setting of a battery, and a driving method thereof. The battery management system includes a sensing unit and a main control unit (MCU). The sensing unit measures a voltage of a battery. The MCU controls charging/discharging of the voltage of the battery, generates charge/discharge pulse pattern waveforms, measures and stores maximum and minimum voltages value of at least one pulse pattern among the charge/discharge pulse pattern waveforms, and sets an average of the measured voltage to an OCV setting from which an SOC is determined. The battery management system estimates the SOC while a vehicle is operating.

Abstract: A wafer having a dielectric layer and an electrode partially protruding from the top surface of the dielectric layer is provided. The dielectric layer is etched with a chemical solution such as LAL. Prior to etching, the protruding portion of the electrode is removed or reduced to prevent any bubbles included in the chemical solution from adhering to the electrode. Thus, the chemical solution can etch the dielectric layers without being blocked by any bubbles included in a chemical solution.

Abstract: A shifter mechanism includes a housing, a yoke assembly having a shifter lever and pivotably secured to the housing along a shift path, and a gate cover secured to the housing and forming a slot. The shifter lever extends through the slot to define the shift path. The gate cover is a unitary component formed separate from the housing. The gate cover provides a gate profile and a secondary detent profile. By changing the gate cover alone, a shifter mechanism with different shifter lever travel or a different type of shifter mechanism can be obtained.

Abstract: A flat panel display apparatus that can reduce or prevent reflection of external light by the flat panel display apparatus. The flat panel display apparatus includes a substrate, a porous layer disposed on the substrate, and a plurality of display devices disposed on the substrate. Here, the porous layer is adapted to diffusedly reflect external light and/or to increase viewing angle of the flat panel display apparatus.

Abstract: A data routing method and system, the data routing method including: locating a destination node using a destination locating packet; establishing a preliminary route including anchor nodes based on a route where the destination locating packet is transmitted to the destination node; determining a link cost between neighbor nodes of each of the anchor nodes, and also between the anchor nodes and the neighbor nodes of each of the anchor nodes; generating minimum cost information with respect to a route consuming a minimum cost from the destination node to a source node using the link cost; and forming a data route from the destination node to the source node using the minimum cost information.

Abstract: A phase change memory device includes: a semiconductor substrate having active areas; a pair of word lines formed over the active areas and connected with each other at each end thereof; source areas formed in the respective active areas at both sides of the pair of word lines; drain areas formed in the respective active areas between the word lines of the pair of word lines connected with each other at each end thereof; ground lines and cell selection lines formed so as to make contact with the respective source areas respectively; lower electrodes formed so as to make contact with the drain areas; phase change layers and upper electrodes stacked over the respective lower electrodes; and bit lines formed over upper portion of the active areas so as to make contact to the upper electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phase change memory device including: a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of bar-type active areas; a plurality of word lines arranged in a direction perpendicular to the active areas on the semiconductor substrate and in which a first pair of the word lines connected to each other at each first end thereof is arranged alternately with a second pair of the word lines connected to each other at each second end thereof opposite to the first end; source areas and drain areas formed in the active areas; common source areas, each connected to the source areas; a plurality of lower electrodes connected to the respective drain areas; phase change layers making contact with every two diagonally adjoining lower electrodes; upper electrodes formed on the phase change layers; and bit lines arranged in a direction of the active areas and be connected to the upper electrodes.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus select an access point (AP) in a wireless LAN to associate or reassociate, based on considerations that take into account the quality-of-service (QoS) status of the stations (STAs) and the potential hidden terminal effect. The method utilizes advertised or requested information obtained from an AP which includes the QoS status in each basic service set (BSS) and estimates the potential hidden terminal (HT) effect based on local channel sensing by the STA. The method selects the AP in a manner that reduces the possibility of collision from equal and higher priority HTs, thus providing greater transmission throughput and improving performance.

Abstract: A transmission delay measuring circuit may include a first transmission path, a second transmission path, an inversion circuit, a first multiplexer, and an output terminal. The second transmission path may have the same structure as the structure of the first transmission path and may receive the output of the first transmission path. The inversion circuit may invert the output of the second transmission path. The first multiplexer may output one of the external input signal and an inverted output of the second transmission path to the first transmission path in response to a test mode enable signal. The output terminal may output, as a measuring signal, a signal in an arbitrary node of a closed loop formed of the first transmission path, the second transmission path, the inversion circuit, and the first multiplexer. The transmission delay measuring apparatus may more accurately measure the transmission delay of a transmission path in a semiconductor device in a die-to-die wafer state or a package state.

Abstract: A light source for a lighting device has a reflector for receiving one or more light emitting diode devices. The reflector has reflective sides and a light exit. There is a side emitting LED device located in the reflector such that its primary light emitting direction towards the reflective sides such that light emitted from the LED device are reflected towards the light exit.

Abstract: A display device that requires less manufacturing time is presented. The display device includes a light blocking member formed on a substrate, a semiconductor layer formed on the light blocking member, and a gate insulating layer formed on the semiconductor layer. Gate conductors, a first interlayer insulating layer, data conductors, a second interlayer insulating layer, and a pixel electrode are formed. A third interlayer insulating layer is deposited with an opening that extends to the pixel electrode. An organic light emitting member is formed in the opening, and a common electrode is formed. The light blocking member contains nickel and silicon oxide. The presence of nickel-and-silicon-oxide light blocking member below the semiconductor improves the crystallizing speed for the semiconductor layer, reducing the overall manufacturing time. Further, the light blocking member is disposed under the pixel electrodes to prevent light leakage, improving the contrast ratio and image quality.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor device, and more particularly, a manufacturing method of a high voltage semiconductor device. The method includes: forming a semiconductor substrate having a key area for an alignment key, a low voltage area for a low voltage device, and a high voltage area for a high voltage device; forming an oxide film on the substrate; and forming an insulating film on the oxide film. After removing the insulating film, the method includes forming a plurality of shallow trench isolations (STI's) in the areas of the substrate; forming a nitride layer on the substrate and on STIs; sequentially forming a plurality of wells and drift areas by implanting an impurity ion into the high voltage area; and sequentially forming the plurality of wells and the drift areas by implanting an impurity ion into the low voltage area. A system on chip (SOC) process may thus be simplified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for operating a mobile communication terminal, a mobile communication system, and a method for providing contents. The mobile communication system includes a mobile communication network and a mobile communication terminal for receiving a contents service through the mobile communication network. The mobile communication system is characterized by the mobile communication terminal that downloads contents data provided from a roamed mobile communication network and performs a contents service.

Abstract: A flap antenna may include a radio frequency (RF) feed and a shaped reflector formed in a selected shape to reflect electromagnetic radiation to or from the RF feed. The flap antenna may also include a flap reflector to reflect the electromagnetic radiation to or from the shaped reflector. The flap reflector may be a flat plate or the like.

Abstract: A glipizide controlled release composition is provided comprising a drug-layer and a push-layer at a ratio of 1:0.5˜3 by weight. The drug-layer contains glipizide and 40˜99 percent by weight of the drug-layer of hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone homopolymer and/or copolymer carrier. The push-layer comprises about 10 to 80 percent by weight of the push-layer of osmopolymers, about 10 to 80 percent by weight of the push-layer of water-insoluble polymers, and about 5 to 50 percent by weight of the push-layer of osmagents. The composition is used in osmotic pump tablets for controlled release of glipizide useful for administration once a day.

Abstract: Provided is a method for performing a ranging process in a broadband wireless communication system. In the method, a ranging request message is transmitted from a mobile station to a base station. A ranging response message including cause information of a ranging status is transmitted from the base station to the mobile station.

Abstract: A gas-liquid separation apparatus includes a crust and a separating pipe located in the crust. The crust includes an annular wall and two lids covering two ends of the wall. The crust has a cavity surrounded by the wall and the two lids. An inlet extends through one lid and an outlet extends through the other lid. The separating pipe is disposed in the cavity of the crust and in communication with the inlet and the outlet of the crust. A plurality of apertures is defined in a body of the separating pipe and in communication with a space inside the separating pipe and the cavity of the crust. The liquid with gas dissolved therein enters into the separating pipe via the inlet of the crust. The liquid is degassed by the separating pipe. The de-gassed liquid exits the separating pipe via the outlet of the crust.