Abstract: An arrangement structure of heat exchangers in a condensing gas boiler is provided, which includes a casing provided with a combustion chamber therein, and a gas burner provided in the lower portion of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of measuring the thickness of a substrate. A first light is reflected from a standard sample having a known thickness. The light is concentrated through the light-focusing lens. The first light is converted into a first electrical signal by a detector responding to a light intensity of the concentrated first light. A second light is reflected from a substrate, and then is concentrated through the light-focusing lens. The second light is converted into a second electrical signal by the detector responding to a light intensity of the concentrated second light. An operating unit determines first and second peak values from the first and second electrical signals, respectively. The operating unit calculates the thickness of the substrate by using a standard distance corresponding to the first peak value, a moving distance of the substrate corresponding to the second peak value, and the known thickness of the standard sample.

Abstract: The instant invention provides stable and novel lineage I WNV reverse genetics systems, and methods for making the reverse genetics systems, specifically, a fully-infectious lineage I WNV cDNA or replicon system engineered with one or more nucleotide sequences each encoding a reporter gene to be used in high throughput cell-based screening assays for the identification of novel antiflaviviral chemotherapeutics and/or vaccines effective to treat and/or immunize against infections by WNV and other emerging flaviviruses, such as, for example, JEV, SLEV, AV, KV, JV, CV, YV, TBEV, DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4, YFV and MVEV. The present invention further provides methods of high throughput screening of antiflaviviral compounds or improved derivatives thereof using novel lineage I WNV reverse genetics systems and/or cell lines stably containing the reverse genetics systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of preparing a continuous filament composed of a nano fiber, wherein nano fibers are prepared by spinning a polymer spinning dope in a spinning dope main tank (20) onto the surface of water or organic solvent (4a) of a collector (4), which contains water or inorganic solvent (4a) and has a conductive material (5) with a high voltage applied sunken in the water or organic solvent (4a), through nozzles (2) with a high voltage applied, and the nano fibers are pressed, drawn, dried and wound while being pulled by a rotary roller (6) rotating at a constant linear velocity from the location spaced more than 1 cm from one end of a dropping spot. The present invention can prepare a continuous filament composed of a nano fiber by an electrospinning method and a continuous process.

Abstract: A method of recording data onto an optical disk uses a write strategy that corresponds to the recording features of the optical disk. The method detects a track pitch or storage capacity of a recording medium, adjusts a write strategy according to the detected track pitch or storage capacity wherein the write strategy has been chosen to correspond to the manufacturer of the recording medium, and records input data onto the recording medium using the adjusted write strategy. Accordingly, data quality during later reproduction is improved even though it is recorded onto a non-standard disk that is larger in capacity than the standard.

Abstract: An electric actuator for an automatic transmission includes an adapter to transmit rotary motion between the adapter and the automatic transmission. An electric motor has an output shaft operably connected to the adapter by a gear set which includes a ring gear. The gear set reduces speed and increases torque supplied by the output shaft of the electric motor and applied to the adapter. A release mechanism is operably connected to the gear set and includes a lock member movable between a first position wherein the lock member is in engagement with the ring gear to lock the ring gear against rotary motion in both directions and a second position wherein the lock member is out of engagement with the ring gear to permit rotary motion of the ring gear in both directions.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing a DC offset during frequency direct conversion in a reception device of a wireless communication system. In the apparatus, an adder receives a digital baseband signal comprising a DC component, receives an estimated DC offset value, and calculates a difference between the digital baseband signal with the DC component and the estimated DC offset value. A DC offset calculator receives gain mode information of an analog element of the reception device, and calculates the estimated DC offset value according to the gain mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparation of a drink composition containing powder of ginseng or red ginseng, and more particularly, it relates to a health drink containing powder of ginseng or red ginseng ultrafinely pulverized by a suitable pulverizer and its preparation. Therefore, it is possible to utilize all ingredients of ginseng or red ginseng contained in the drink, but a conventional ginseng drink contains extract of ginseng or red ginseng.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a methanol concentration is provided. The apparatus is located in a pipe which supplies liquid fuel to the anode of a direct liquid feed fuel cell, and may include a vertical supporting beam located in the pipe; a horizontal plate located on the supporting beam and having an upper surface with a predetermined roughness; and a sensor fixed to a side of the supporting beam, which generates an electrical signal through a transformation of the supporting beam resulting from variations in a viscosity of the liquid fuel running through the pipe.

Abstract: An optical disc of write once type, a method and an apparatus of managing defect information on the optical disc of write once type, e.g., a BD-WO, are provided with a temporary defect management area (TDMA). The method includes preparing the temporary defect management area (TDMA) in which a temporary defect list (TDFL) is recorded as defect management information for managing a defective area on the optical disc, recording the most recent temporary defect list cumulatively with the previous temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area, and recording position information for indicating a position of the most recent temporary defect list in the temporary defect management area along with the temporary defect list to more effectively manage the temporary defect list.

Abstract: A recording medium, method and apparatus for recording digital data streams are provided. The method includes recording a received digital data stream of data packet units by grouping the data packet units into an object, and creating and recording a managing information for the object. The managing information can include entry information associated with an entry point of the digital data stream and information indicating whether or not the entry information exists.

Abstract: A fusing roller and a fusing apparatus having the fusing roller are provided, wherein the fusing roller includes a coil unit, which generates resistive heat and an alternating magnetic flux in response to an alternating current input thereto, a heating roller unit, which generates an eddy current in response to the alternating magnetic flux and generates induced heat in response to the eddy current, and a contact unit, which is formed of a non-magnetic material in the fusing roller and which firmly contacts the coil unit with the heating roller unit.

Abstract: A jam removing method and printer using toner a save mode includes detecting a paper jam on a printing route, confirming whether a dot count value of a corresponding image exceeds a preset boundary value, and converting a printing mode into the toner save mode when the dot count value exceeds the boundary value. The paper jam by an image density is prevented from repeating, and successive paper jam is prevented from occurring, user's convenience may be enhanced, and the toner may not be wasted.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection device, and a method of fabricating the same, includes a substrate, an n-well formed in the substrate, a p-well formed on the n-well, an NMOS transistor formed on the p-well, the NMOS transistor including a gate electrode, an n+ source and an n+ drain, and a grounded p+ well pick-up formed in the p-well, wherein the n-well is connected to the n+ drain of the NMOS transistor and the n+ source is grounded. The n+ drain and the n-well are connected to decrease a voltage of a trigger and a current density of a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to antennas formed in the pattern of characters and, more particularly, to a character pattern antenna, in which a radiation unit thereof is formed in the pattern of a plurality of characters. The character pattern antenna includes a radiation unit, a feeding unit, and a short circuit unit. The radiation unit is formed in a character pattern group to radiate radio waves. The feeding unit is formed on a predetermined portion of the character pattern to provide current. The short circuit unit is formed on a predetermined location of the radiation unit and adapted to function as a ground. As described above, the present invention proposes a character pattern antenna, which allows the pattern thereof to contain a specific meaning while having the performance of an antenna. Accordingly, the present invention is advantageous in that it can increase the freedom of a pattern when an antenna is designed, thus facilitating the design of the antenna.

Abstract: An optical fiber measuring module is provided with an optical fiber cable (2) including an optical fiber core (2a), a cladding (2b) and a covering layer (2c), a base member (3) for holding the optical fiber cable (2), and an attachment member (4) for attaching the base member (3) to a structure (1).

Abstract: A hinge assembly (100) for use in a flat display monitor (120) includes a base seat (10), a pivotal shaft (20) and a plurality of washers (30, 40, 50, 60, 70). The base seat includes a first end portion (12) and a second portion (14), which are substantially perpendicular to each other. The first end portion has a retaining hole (122) therein. A protrusion (124) of the first end portion extends into the retaining hole. The pivotal shaft includes a pivotal portion (24). The pivotal portion has at least one flat surface (242) pivotally engaging with the protrusion. The pivotal shaft passes through the retaining hole of the base seat and the plurality of washers, allowing the elements of the hinge assembly to be fastened together.

Abstract: A planar small antenna and a small strip radiator are provided which have increased bandwidth. The small strip radiator has a main strip pattern and a plurality of convoluted strip patterns terminating the main strip pattern at each end. The plurality of convoluted strip patterns are arranged in mirror-symmetrical arrangement with reference to the longitudinal axis of the main strip such that one pair of convoluted strip patterns is convoluted clockwise while another pair is convoluted counterclockwise. As a result, an electrically small antenna radiator requires less metal or conductive material than conventional radiators, and also can operate without adversely affecting the radiation characteristics of the antenna.

Abstract: A disk drive having an anti-shock structure is provided. The disk drive includes: a base member; a spindle motor supported by a spindle motor support formed on the base member, the spindle motor rotating a data storage disk; an actuator rotatably coupled to an actuator pivot supported by a pivot support formed on the base member, the actuator moving a read/write head to a position on a recording surface of the disk; and slots formed in the base member around the circumference of each of the spindle motor support and the pivot support, the slots for partially controlling the stiffness of the base member. The slots include a first slot formed on a circumference region of the spindle motor support near the pivot support, and a second slot formed on a circumference region of the pivot support opposite to the spindle motor support. Due to the structure of the disk drive, the spindle motor and the actuator pivot are inclined in the same direction when an external impact is applied.

Abstract: A direct charging electrostatic flocking method is provided for the fabrication of a fibrous structure. Fibers are deposited directly on a first electrically conductive surface while a second electrically conductive surface with an adhesive thereon is disposed over the first surface. A vacuum is created in the space between the first electrically conductive surface and the second electrically conductive surface. The vacuum is then filled with sulfur hexafluoride gas. An electric field is generated between the first and second electrically conductive surfaces. The fibers leave the first electrically conductive surface, accelerate through the electric field and sulfur hexafluoride gas, and are coupled on one end thereof to the adhesive. As a result of using sulfur hexafluoride rather than air there is an increase in fiber density of the fibrous structure.