Abstract: A heat dissipation device for a light emitting diode (LED) module includes a liquid cooling system. The liquid cooling system includes a heat-absorbing member, which includes an inlet, an outlet and at least one pipe extending between the inlet and the outlet. The inlet and the outlet are provided for permitting liquid to flow through the at least one pipe, which is in thermal contact with at least one LED of the LED module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a valve to shut off an overflowing gas passage and an earthquake safety valve for automatically shutting off a flow passage of LPG, LNG and a poisonous gas; and more particularly, to a valve capable of automatically shutting off the flow passage by sensing an overflowing state of the gas when the overflowing gas is caused by an abnormal increase in gas pressure and by immediately sensing such an earthquake through a mechanical working when an earthquake is generated. The valve automatically closes an inlet or an outlet of the flow passage through a mechanical working based on the fluctuation of the pressure, when the gas exhausted from the gas supply source excessively flows over the regulated amount in an abnormal state.

Abstract: A gray-scale representation method for a plasma display panel, which method includes arranging, in time sequence, a plurality of subfields each having a brightness weight and achieving gray-scale representation by a combination of the subfields, each subfield including an address period and a sustain period. In the gray-scale representation method, the number of sustain pulses for each subfield is determined so that a light generated from the difference of the number of sustain pulses between two adjacent gray scales can be greater than a light discharged in the address period, when the number of subfields for the higher one of the two adjacent gray scales is less than that for the lower one. The reversion of gray scales that occurs when the address light is increased as high as the sustain light can be eliminated to achieve correct gray-scale representation.

Abstract: A battery management system to estimate a state of charge of a battery and a driving method thereof includes a sensing unit and a micro control unit. The sensing unit measures a battery voltage. The MCU measures a first time and a second time, detects first and second battery voltages that respectively correspond to the first and second times from the battery voltage, estimates an open circuit voltage by the first and second voltages, and establishes the SOC that corresponds to the OCV.

Abstract: According to an example embodiment, a memory diagnosis test circuit may include a memory core block, a word line selector, a bit line selector, and/or an analog mode control unit. The memory core block may include a plurality of memory cells. The word line selector may be configured to select one of a plurality of word lines of the memory core block using a first shift register. The bit line selector may be configured to select one of a plurality of bit line pairs of the memory core block using a second shift register. The analog mode control unit may be configured to monitor data corresponding to the selected word line and bit line pair.

Abstract: A frame for a display apparatus includes a plurality of frame members, each of which includes a side wall portion, a supporting portion, and a coupling portion, and a plurality of coupling members. The side wall portion covers a side of a display apparatus. The supporting portion is extended from the side wall to form an angle and covers a side portion of an upper surface of the display apparatus. The coupling portion is formed at one of the side wall portion and the supporting portion. The coupling members are disposed at corner portions of the display apparatus. Each of the coupling members is insertable into each coupling portion of the two frame members, respectively, to combine the two frame members with each other.

Abstract: A receiver circuit includes an offset control signal generating unit that outputs a plurality of offset control signals using an offset voltage. A sense amplifier receives a first current and a second current generated on the basis of an up input signal and a down input signal, respectively, converts the first current and the second current into an up compensating signal and a down compensating signal having electric potentials compensating the offset voltage, and amplifies the up compensating signal and the down compensating signal to output an up output signal and a down output signal.

Abstract: A battery management system and a driving method thereof. The battery management system manages a plurality of battery cells, and a plurality of cell relays respectively coupled to the plurality of cells. The battery management system includes a voltage detecting unit and an MCU. The voltage detecting unit receives a first voltage corresponding to an input voltage transmitted through a 3-contact relay coupled to a first cell corresponding to the turn-on first cell relay when the first cell relay is turned on, and generating a second voltage corresponding to the first voltage. The MCU calculates an effective gain in correspondence with a ratio of the second voltage to the input voltage and controls a connection of the 3-contact relay.

Abstract: The reformer for a fuel cell system includes a reforming reaction part that generates hydrogen gas from a fuel through a catalyst reforming reaction using heat energy, and a carbon monoxide reducing part that reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide in the hydrogen gas, through an oxidizing reaction of hydrogen gas with the oxidant. The carbon monoxide reducing part includes a first reducing part including a first carbon monoxide oxidizing catalyst and a second reducing part including a second carbon monoxide oxidizing catalyst.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a fuel cell stack, a buffer, an actuator, and a control circuit. The control circuit controls the operation of the actuator according to a reference value of a reference volume of fuel disposed in the buffer. The fuel cell is operated by measuring a value corresponding to a volume of fuel disposed in the buffer, comparing the value with a reference value, and operating the actuator according to a result of the comparison.

Abstract: The compositions and methods are provided that enhance the selection of transgenic plants having two T-DNA molecules integrated into a plant genome at different physical and genetic loci. The compositions are DNA constructs that comprise novel arrangements of T-DNA molecules containing genes of interest, positive selectable marker genes, and conditional lethal genes. The methods disclosed herein comprises transforming a plant cell to comprise the DNA constructs of the present invention, regenerating the plant cell into a plant and identifying independant transgene loci, where the selectable marker genes or transgenic elements can be segregated in the progeny.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for formatting an optical recording medium, the optical recording medium having a spare area for replacing a defective area and a defect management area for managing the defective area, the apparatus including a recording/reproducing part configured to format the optical recording medium in response to a formatting request. The recording/reproducing part changes a portion of the spare area into a continuous portion of a user data area by formatting so that a size of the user data is increased. A controller is configured to create a new defect list for replacing an old defect list in the defect management area in response to changing of the spare area and to change a location information of the spare area to reflect the increased size of the spare area after formatting.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display device includes a substrate, a gate line on the substrate, a data line crossing the gate line over the substrate, a switching thin film transistor near the crossing of the gate line and data line, a driving thin film transistor system including a plurality of sub-TFTs connected in parallel to the switching thin film transistor via a gate base, a power line crossing the gate line over the substrate and electrically connected with the plurality of sub-TFTs, a first electrode over the driving thin film transistor system in contact with the plurality of sub-TFTs, an organic electroluminescent layer on the first electrode, and a second electrode of transparent material on the organic electroluminescent layer.

Abstract: Porous carbon materials and methods of manufacturing the same are provided. One method includes forming a carbon-metal oxide composite by heating a coordination polymer to form a carbon-metal oxide composite, and then removing the metal oxide from the carbon-metal oxide composite. The porous carbon material has an average pore diameter ranging from about 10 nm to about 100 nm, and a d002 ranging from about 3.35 to 3.50 ?.

Abstract: A flip chip-type nitride semiconductor light emitting diode includes a light transmittance substrate, an n-type nitride semiconductor layer, an active layer, a p-type nitride semiconductor layer and a mesh-type DBR reflecting layer. The mesh-type DBR reflecting layer has a plurality of open regions. The mesh-type DBR reflecting layer is composed of first and second nitride layers having different Al content. The first and second nitride layers are alternately stacked several times to form the mesh-type DBR reflecting layer. An ohmic contact layer is formed on the mesh-type DBR reflecting layer and on the p-type nitride semiconductor layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a paper tube having a polygonal cross section includes a frame, an elongate core assembly having an end rotatably supported to the frame and the other free end and having an outer peripheral surface of a predetermined polygonal shape, and a delivery member installed to the core assembly for at least a portion of the delivery member to be exposed from the outer peripheral surface of the core assembly on which the strips are wound, the delivery member being installed for the exposed portion to move toward the free end of the core assembly after receiving the power, whereby the exposed portion contacts with an inner surface of the lowermost one of a plurality of the strips and thus a plurality of the strips wound on the core assembly continuously move toward the free end of the core assembly.

Abstract: An automatic document feeder of an image forming apparatus capable of improving a duplex scanning or printing (copying) efficiency includes a single scan path having a document admission passage to admit a document to a document scanning part and a document discharge passage to discharge the scanned document, a duplex scan path having a first document reversing and waiting passage diverged separately from the document discharge passage on the single scan path at the rear of the document scanning part to reverse the document, one surface of which is scanned, and admit the reversed document again to the document scanning part, and a document re-reversing path having a second document reversing and waiting passage diverged separately from the document discharge passage on the single scan path at the rear of the document scanning part to reverse the document, both surfaces of which are scanned, again and send the re-reversed document to the document discharge passage.

Abstract: A compact zoom lens includes first, second, third, and fourth lens groups sequentially arranged from an object side. The first lens group includes a first lens and at least one reflection optical component and at least the third lens group moves during zooming. The zoom lens satisfies a condition that 0.22?ST3/OL?0.25 where “ST3” is the distance of movement of the third lens group from a wide angle position to a telephoto position and “OL” is the overall length of the zoom lens. The compact zoom lens embodies a folding type inner zoom to reduce the thickness and the length of the zoom lens so it is suitable for use in digital cameras as well as personal mobile devices.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus to indicate a scanning progress status includes a main body having a platen on which a document is set, a scanning module to move inside the main body and to scan the document, and an indicating light disposed integrally with the scanning module to indicate a current location of the scanning module.

Abstract: A method for setting a service in a mobile communication terminal including at least first and second user identity cards. The method includes selecting the first identity card to be used for mobile communication, and requesting services directed to the second identity card be forwarded to the first identity card.