Abstract: An array substrate includes a substrate, a gate line disposed along a first direction on the substrate, and a common line is parallel to the gate line, the common line being of the same material as the gate line. A gate insulating layer is on the gate and common lines, a semiconductor layer is on the gate insulating layer and a transparent pixel electrode includes a drain electrode portion. The drain electrode portion overlaps the semiconductor. A passivation layer includes a first contact hole and an open portion over the pixel and source electrodes, the first contact hole exposing the source electrode and the open portion exposing the pixel electrode, respectively. A data line is disposed along a second direction on the passivation layer, and the data line connected to the source electrode through the first contact hole and crossing the gate line.

Abstract: A shift register has a plurality of stages which output driving signals, each stage including a pull-up transistor to output a first clock signal in response to a logic value of a Q node; a pull-down transistor to supply a voltage from a first voltage supply source to the output in response to a logic value of a Qb node; a Q node controller to control the logic value of the Q node in response to any one of the previous stage's output signal and the next stage's output signal; and a Qb node controller to control the logic value of the Qb node to alternate repeatedly between low and high by use of at least one of a second clock signal, a third clock signal and the logic value of the Q node when the output signal is in a low state.

Abstract: A detect switch (100) includes an insulative housing (2), a first, a second and a third fixed terminals (11, 12, 13), a moveable contact (3) contactable to the third fixed terminal, an operator (4) capable of depressing the moveable contact, an operator (8) and an actuator (9). An LED (6) has a pair of cantilevered arms (62) contacting with the second fixed terminal and is fixed in the insulative housing for immovably fastening the LED to the insulative housing. When the operator is downwardly pushed by the actuator to thereby depress the moveable contact, the moveable contact has a central contact portion thereof being downwardly depressed for contacting with the first fixed terminal to thereby establish an electrical connection between the first and the third fixed terminals.

Abstract: There is provided an LCD (liquid crystal display device) having a function of temperature maintenance. The LCD includes: a liquid crystal panel having a common heating electrode and a temperature detection unit formed in a predetermined region of the liquid crystal panel, for detecting a temperature of the liquid crystal panel and controlling a current applied to the common heating electrode.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a mobile terminal transmits collectively messages in different formats, such as LMS and SMS. The message transmission mode is designated by recipient numbers and content is input based on a corresponding message transmission mode. A message can be transmitted to multiple destinations regardless of whether the receiver terminals are able to receive LMS format messages and regardless of whether the receiver terminals are manufactured by different mobile communication providers. In addition, the hardware of the mobile terminal does not need to be re-designed, since the mobile terminal can be implemented simply changing existing software.

Abstract: Ventilating and air purifying device including a case having a blower therein provided to a ceiling or a wall, a first flow passage provided between the blower and a room for making an outdoor, the blower, and the room in communication, a second flow passage for making the room, an inside of the case, and the outdoor in communication, and a damper in the case for isolating the first flow passage from the second flow passage so that room air is discharged to the outdoor and the room air is guided to the blower, or making the first flow passage and the second flow passage in communication so that the room air introduced into the second flow passage is guided to the blower, thereby ventilating and purifying the room air.

Abstract: A memory device includes an active area protruding from a semiconductor substrate. A recess is formed in the active area. A field oxide layer is formed on the semiconductor substrate. A gate electrode extends across the active area while being overlapped with the recess. A gate insulation layer is interposed between the gate electrode and the active area. Source and drain areas are formed in the active area. The transistor structure above defines a recessed transistor structure if it is sectioned along a source-drain line and defines a Fin transistor structure if it is sectioned along a gate line. The transistor structure ensures sufficient data retention time and improves the current drivability while lowering the back bias dependency of a threshold voltage.

Abstract: A compressor comprises a reciprocating motor disposed within a casing, for generating a driving force; a compressing unit for sucking, compressing and discharging gas by a linearly reciprocating motion of a piston connected to the reciprocating motor; a plurality of resonant springs connected to the piston, for inducing a resonant motion to the linearly reciprocating motion of the piston, wherein centers of the resonant springs are positioned at the same radius on the basis of a central axis of the piston.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a supply voltage of a multiple interface card includes a first voltage adjustment unit, a second voltage adjustment unit, an internal circuit, a first voltage controller, and a second voltage controller. The first voltage controller adjusts a first supply voltage to a first internal supply voltage used as an operating voltage of the internal circuit and supplies the first internal supply voltage to the internal circuit. The second voltage adjustment unit adjusts a second supply voltage to a second internal supply voltage used as an operating voltage of the internal circuit and supplies the second internal supply voltage to the internal circuit. The first voltage controller detects the first supply voltage and, according to the first supply voltage, either applies the first supply voltage to the first voltage adjustment unit or blocks the first supply voltage from the first voltage adjustment unit.

Abstract: A defect area management system for an optical storage medium including a management part producing a defect area management signal for real-time processing and transmitting the signal along with data to be written; and a write part executing a defect area management of the optical storage media, writing the data, applied by the defect area management signal from the management part, into the optical storage medium so that whenever a light pickup meets a defect block at the time of writing data requiring the real-time processing into the optical storage medium, it does not have to be moved to the spare area, thus reducing the time it takes to move the light pickup and removing shortcomings of the real-time processing.

Abstract: TA page buffer of a flash memory device has a page buffer that improves the program operation performance and program operation control method thereof. The page buffer has a flash memory device having a MLC. The page buffer stores input data in an upper bit register, initial data having the same value as that of the input that data are stored in a lower bit register.

Abstract: To effectively lower the current required for changing a phase of a phase change layer in a phase change RAM device, metal pads are formed on a semiconductor substrate, and an oxide layer is formed on the metal pads. Nano-sized copolymer patterns aligned with the metal pads covered by the oxide layer are formed on the oxide layer. The oxide layer is etched to form oxide layer patterns by using the nano-sized copolymer patterns as barrier. The nano-sized copolymer patterns are then removed. A nitride layer is deposited and then etched to expose the oxide layer patterns. The exposed oxide layer patterns are removed to form nano-sized holes exposing the metal pads. Bottom electrodes are then formed in the nano-sized holes. A phase change layer and a top electrode are formed on each of the bottom electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for microstructures of a display device which focus external light toward light-absorption regions to enhance brightness and contrast of the display device. The display device includes a light absorption layer disposed to one side of a light emission layer. The light absorption layer includes light refracting structures and light absorption elements, wherein each of the light absorption elements is positioned in the light refracting structures. The light directing structures substantially direct incident light toward one of the plurality of light absorption elements positioned therein to reduce the reflection of external light.

Abstract: Provided are an enhanced structure of a coplanar waveguide that is a kind of transmission line used for optical communication for radio frequency (RF), and an optical communication module employing the same. While having a basic structure including a conductive strip and ground strips at both sides of the conductive strip on a dielectric substrate, the coplanar waveguide has the structure in which metal patterns of a portion of the conductive strip located around points where an RF propagation direction is changed and of a portion of an inside ground strip are removed to make electrical lengths of an outside ground strip and the inside ground strip similar each other. Using the coplanar waveguide, it is possible to fabricate an optical module that has an optimized RF characteristic and also can freely change an RF propagation direction of several tens GHz, without an additional process.

Abstract: A composition is provided for MOC that contains compounds with the structure wherein R1 is a hydrogen, an alkyl, an alkoxy, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; R2 is an alkyl having greater than 6 carbons, a substituted aryl, or unsubstituted aryl. Preferably these compounds have a low odor intensity. These compounds may be used with other MOC ingredients that act synergistically or additively with them.

Abstract: An electrospinning apparatus including a spinning dope main tank, a metering pump, a nozzle block, a collector positioned at the lower end of the nozzle block for collecting spun fibers, a voltage generator, a plurality of units for transmitting a voltage generated by the voltage generator to the nozzle block and the collector, said electrospinning apparatus containing: a spinning dope drop device positioned between the metering pump and the nozzle block, the spinning dope drop device having (i) a sealed cylindrical shape, (ii) a spinning dope inducing tube and a gas inlet tube for receiving gas through its lower end and having its gas inlet part connected to a filter aligned, side-by-side, at the upper portion of the spinning dope drop device, (iii) a spinning dope discharge tube extending from the lower portion of the spinning dope drop device, and (iv) a hollow unit for receiving the spinning dope from the spinning dope inducing tube provided at the middle portion of the spinning dope-drop device.