Abstract: A method of fabricating a vertical NAND semiconductor device can include changing a phase of a first preliminary semiconductor layer in an opening from solid to liquid to form a first single crystalline semiconductor layer in the opening and then forming a second preliminary semiconductor layer on the first single crystalline semiconductor layer. The phase of the second preliminary semiconductor layer is changed from solid to liquid to form a second single crystalline semiconductor layer that combines with the first single crystalline semiconductor layers to form a single crystalline semiconductor layer in the opening.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory apparatus may comprise a duty cycle correction circuit configured to perform a duty correction operation with respect to an input clock signal when a delay locked signal is activated, and perform the duty correction operation with respect to the input signal when a precharge signal is activated, to generate a corrected clock signal.

Abstract: A belt configured to travel a continuous track may be incorporated for use in an image forming apparatus. The belt may include a guide member formed on a surface of the belt to prevent a belt from meandering off of the track, where the guide member may include a rubber sheet and a carbon black material having a primer particle diameter ranging from about 15 nm to about 35 nm. An image forming apparatus incorporating the belt with one or more guide members has an increased resistance to abrasion and mitigates belt meandering and image contamination.

Abstract: It is provided a power supply device and a power acquisition device for an electromagnetic induction-powered electric vehicle that increase a power transfer efficiency by maximizing a lateral deviation tolerance and by minimizing a gap between the power acquisition device and the power supply device while preventing the power acquisition device from colliding with an obstacle present on a road and being damaged by the collision.

Abstract: A method for assisting a vehicle user in locating a vehicle when parked includes detecting via a mobile device that the vehicle has been placed in a parked state and, in response to detecting that the vehicle has been placed in a parked state, automatically retrieving the vehicle location to the mobile device and recording the vehicle location on the mobile device. The method further entails providing, in response to a request from the user to locate the parked vehicle, instructions to the user to guide the user to the parked vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is a method of securing a Universal Serial Bus (USB) keyboard. According to the method, a keyboard security operation is performed at a host controller driver level, which is one level lower than a USB hub driver level. Thus, it is possible to rapidly and effectively prevent a malicious program from leaking information input from a keyboard that is in communication with a main frame and transfers data via a USB.

Abstract: A method for enhancing a data communication throughput associated with an in-vehicle telematics system includes receiving a communication request from the in-vehicle telematics system to perform at least one of a data upload to the Internet and a data download from the Internet, and verifying availability of one or more mobile devices within the vehicle. The maximum capability of a mobile network interface for each of the one or more available mobile devices within the vehicle is determined. When the communication request is for uploading data to the Internet, the data is fragmented into data fragments and distributed to the available mobile devices, whereas when the communication request is for downloading data from the Internet, it is determined for each mobile device which fragment of data is to be downloaded and from which server, and the respective determined fragments are received from each mobile device.

Abstract: A system for providing an externally visible signal regarding a navigational instruction at a vehicle includes a navigation system, a navigation message sender, a navigation message receiver, and a display system. The navigation system generates and outputs turn-by-turn navigational directions within the vehicle to assist a driver of the vehicle in reaching a given destination location. The navigation message sender receives the turn-by-turn navigational directions and transmits them to the navigation message receiver. The navigation message receiver provides a navigational message to the display system for display in a manner visible outside the vehicle.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a substrate and has a plurality of light emitting areas. In each light emitting area, at least one light emitting diode and a bypass current path are connected in parallel between a connection node and a switching unit. The switching unit is configured to connect a selected one of the light emitting diode and the bypass unit to the connection node of the next light emitting area.

Abstract: A multifaceted scrubbing device comprising a body having a head portion on one end and a handle on another end, the head portion having at least three faces for accommodating at least three working surfaces of one type or of different types. The working surfaces may be attached permanently to the faces on the head portion of the scrubbing device or they may be replaceable.

Abstract: A terminal to provide augmented reality includes a camera unit to capture a real-world view having a marker comprising a first region and a second region; a memory unit to store an object corresponding to the marker, first control information to control a first part of the object, and second control information to control a second part of the object; an object control unit to control the first part of the object based on the first control information if the first region is selected, and to control the second part of the object based on the second control information if the second region is selected; an image processing unit to synthesize the object with the real-world view into a synthesized view; and a display unit to display the synthesized view.

Abstract: A stacked package structure is provided. The stacked package structure includes a stacked package including a lower semiconductor package, an upper semiconductor package disposed on the lower semiconductor package and spaced a predetermined distance apart from the lower semiconductor package, an inter-package connecting portion electrically connecting the lower semiconductor package and the upper semiconductor package while supporting a space therebetween, and an insulation layer disposed at least outside the inter-package connecting portion and filling the space between the lower semiconductor package and the upper semiconductor package, and an electromagnetic shielding layer surrounding lateral and top surfaces of the stacked package.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a security system using an automatic meter reading protocol. The security system includes a Device Language Message Specification (DLMS) transmission unit for transmitting security DLMS data that includes security key update information and a first authentication value, and a DLMS reception unit for receiving the security DLMS data, searching the security key update information in the security DLMS data, and generating an updated security key using a second authentication value according to the security key update information. The security system can solve various problems occurring due to the operation of a separate security protocol, and can be easily implemented and managed.

Abstract: An equipment inspecting device for inspecting at least one piece of equipment positioned in an office from among a plurality of offices included in the equipment inspection target recognizes office information for indicating a position of an office, and searches office equipment information for indicating a previous state of at least one piece of equipment positioned in the office by using the office information. The equipment inspecting device transmits the searched office equipment information to the equipment information collecting device so that an equipment information collecting device for collecting at least one piece of equipment information corresponding to at least one piece of equipment may generate update information for indicating a state change of at least one piece of equipment. Also, the equipment inspecting device receives the update information from the equipment information collecting device, and updates office equipment information by using the update information.

Abstract: Provided are a system and a method for logistics delivery using augmented reality, which are used for efficient logistics delivery through generation of an optimal delivery route and improvement of a delivery rate. The present invention is constituted by a mobile terminal which is used by a delivery man, a logistics information system, and a mobile communication company's server. When the delivery man scans an image in a delivery scheduled area by using the mobile terminal, a mobile apparatus displays detailed delivery information regarding a delivery point in an area for each set area unit and whether a customer is positioned in the vicinity of an address and generates the optimal delivery route.

Abstract: A semiconductor package having improved EMI and crosstalk characteristics is provided. The semiconductor package includes a semiconductor package including a substrate, at least one first semiconductor chip formed on a top surface of the substrate and electrically connected to the substrate, and at least one second semiconductor chip formed on a top surface of the first semiconductor chip and electrically connected to the first semiconductor chip, wherein first and second conductive layers are formed on the top surfaces of the first semiconductor chip and the second semiconductor chip, respectively, and the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are connected to a ground portion.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an echo cancellation and echo channel estimation system that can relay transmit signals without interference with echo signals by canceling the undesired echo signals received by a relay. The echo cancellation and echo channel estimation system is designed to relay signals between a transmitter and a receiver through a relay using multiple antennas. The echo cancellation and echo channel estimation system includes a receive antenna, a preprocessing vector generation module, an echo cancellation module, and a transmit array antenna. The receive antenna receives a transmit signal from the transmitter and an echo signal via an echo channel. The preprocessing vector generation module generates a preprocessing vector and applies the preprocessing vector, the transmit signal and the echo signal, received from the receive antenna, to the echo cancellation module.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for controlling inter cell interference based on cooperation between intra cell terminals. The intra cell terminals may exchange interference channel information, and may determine a receive beamforming vector based on the exchanged interference channel information. At least one intra cell terminal may feed back, to a neighboring cell base station, information associated with an effective interference channel using the receive beamforming vector. A base station may determine a transmit beamforming vector based on information associated with an effective interference channel using receive beamforming vectors of neighboring cell terminals that are received from at least one neighboring cell terminal.

Abstract: An automatic stamping apparatus includes a conveyor for conveying a stamping object, a stamper for stamping a pattern and two-dimensional bar code information on the stamping object, a reader for reading the pattern and the two-dimensional bar code information, and an information processor for determining a pattern and two-dimensional bar code information to be stamped on the stamping object, controlling the stamper based on the determined pattern and two-dimensional bar code information, receiving the stamped pattern and two-dimensional bar code information of the stamping object read by the reader, comparing the received stamped pattern and two-dimensional bar code information with a pattern and two-dimensional bar code information to be stamped on the stamping object, thus verifying the accuracy of the stamping.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a semiconductor integrated circuit includes forming a first dielectric layer on a semiconductor substrate, patterning the first dielectric layer to form a first patterned dielectric layer, forming a non-single crystal seed layer on the first patterned dielectric layer, removing a portion of the seed layer to form a patterned seed layer, forming a second dielectric layer on the first patterned dielectric layer and the patterned seed layer, removing portions of the second dielectric layer to form a second patterned dielectric layer, irradiating the patterned seed layer to single-crystallize the patterned seed layer, removing portions of the first patterned dielectric layer and the second patterned dielectric layer such that the single-crystallized seed layer protrudes in the vertical direction with respect to the first and/or the second patterned dielectric layer, and forming a gate electrode in contact with the single-crystal active pattern.