Abstract: A body-mountable device includes a flexible substrate configured for mounting to a skin surface. The flexible substrate is configured to be adhered or otherwise mounted to the skin in a manner that minimally impacts activities of the body. The device includes a flexible display configured to provide indications to a user, e.g., indications of sensor readings, medical alerts, or operational states of the device. The display could be operated on a very low power budget, e.g., the display could be operated intermittently. In some examples, the display could include an e-paper display or similar low power display elements. In some examples, elements of the display, e.g., electrodes of a multi-segment display, could be formed on the flexible substrate such that additional elements of the display, e.g., a layer of display medium and a layer of transparent conductor, could be adhered or otherwise attached to the formed elements.

Abstract: An analyte sensor for the continuous or semi-continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. The analyte sensor includes a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer sensing layer in contact with a surface of an electrode, where the sensing layer includes methacrylate-derived backbone chains having covalent bonds to an analyte sensing component. The method includes combining the precursor components of the sensing layer, depositing the combined mixture on a surface of an electrode, and curing the deposited mixture.

Abstract: A flexible, body-mountable analyte sensing device includes a flexible substrate configured for mounting to skin of a living body. The sensing device additionally includes a sensor probe attached to the flexible substrate and configured to penetrate the skin such that a sensor disposed on the end of the sensor probe can be exposed to an analyte in interstitial fluid. The sensor could be an electrochemical sensor that includes two or more electrodes disposed at the end of the sensor probe and configured to electrochemically detect the analyte. The sensing device is configured to display detected concentrations or other information about the analyte in the interstitial fluid. The flexible substrate of the sensing device is configured to be adhered or otherwise mounted to the skin in a manner that minimally impacts activities of the living body.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described that relate to a plurality of sensors configured to measure a physiological parameter. Each sensor of the plurality of sensors may be removably attached to an exterior surface of a living body. A controller may be configured to receive sensor data from the plurality of sensors. The sensor data may be indicative of the physiological parameter. The controller may correlate the sensor data to provide correlated data that is indicative of the physiological parameter. Based at least on the correlated data, the controller may determine a health state. The controller may further provide an indication based on the determined health state.

Abstract: Provided are sensors for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample fluid. In certain embodiments, the sensors include conductive particles and exhibit improved uniformity of distribution of one or more sensing chemistry components, increased effective working electrode surface area, and/or reduced entry of interfering components into a sample chamber of the sensor. Methods of using and manufacturing the sensors are also provided.

Abstract: A flexible, body-mountable analyte sensing device includes a flexible substrate configured for mounting to skin of a living body. The sensing device additionally includes optical fiber attached to the flexible substrate and configured to penetrate the skin such that an analyte-sensitive substance disposed on the end of the optical fiber can detect an analyte in interstitial fluid. A color, fluorescence intensity, or other optical property of the analyte-sensitive substance is related to the concentration or other property of the analyte. Light reflected, scattered, fluorescently emitted, or otherwise emitted from the analyte-sensitive substance is transmitted via the optical fiber and detected by a light sensor on the flexible substrate. Such emitted light can be emitted in response to illumination of the analyte-sensitive substance via the optical fiber. The sensing device is configured to wirelessly indicate detected concentrations or other information about the analyte in the interstitial fluid.

Abstract: A wearable device is provided herein and includes an electrochemical sensor with a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a reagent that selectively reacts with an analyte. In accordance with one embodiment, a process is provided herein and includes applying an electric potential waveform pattern between the working electrode and the reference electrode, the pattern comprising a combination of a constant voltage and at least one voltage waveform including one or more of a triangle waveform, a pulse-step waveform, and a sine waveform, determining a current at the working electrode, the current resulting from the application of the electric potential waveform pattern, determining that the current is less than a threshold level of measured current, and in response, the wearable device stopping the application of the electric potential waveform pattern.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to analyte determining methods and devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that have a membrane with low temperature sensitivity. The sensing layer is disposed on a working electrode of in vivo and/or in vitro analyte sensors, e.g., continuous and/or automatic in vivo monitoring using analyte sensors and/or test strips. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.

Abstract: A body-mountable device includes a flexible substrate configured for mounting to a skin surface. The device includes an input component configured to receive inputs from a user, e.g., finger presses, swipes, motions of the sensing platform, or gestures. Received inputs could include calibration data, for example, known values of a sensed property to compare with corresponding values obtained by a sensor of the device. The device can additionally include an output component configured to provide outputs to a user. Outputs could include indications of sensor readings, medical alerts, or operational states of the device. The flexible substrate of the device is configured to be adhered or otherwise mounted to the skin in a manner that minimally impacts activities of the body.

Abstract: An analyte sensor for the continuous or semi-continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the analyte sensor are disclosed. In one aspect, the analyte sensor includes an electrode, a sensing layer in contact with a surface of the electrode, and a protective membrane. The sensing layer is a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer including poly(alkylene oxide) and poly(vinyl pyridine), and an analyte sensing component is immobilized within the crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer. The protective membrane is a crosslinked, hydrophilic copolymer including alkylene oxide, vinyl pyridine and styrene units. The method involves the formation of a sensing layer on a surface of an electrode, followed by the formation of a protective membrane on a surface of the sensing layer.

Abstract: An eye contact device including at least one of a positive terminal including a first material having a standard reduction potential that is less than a standard reduction potential of chlorine; and a negative terminal including a second material having an electrode potential that favors reduction relative to a reduction of water. A method including one of forming a positive terminal of a two terminal device in an eye contact device, the positive terminal including a first material having a standard reduction potential that is less than a standard reduction potential of chlorine; and forming a negative terminal of the two terminal device including a second material having an electrode potential that favors reduction relative to a reduction of water.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include analyte-responsive compositions and electrochemical analyte sensors having a sensing layer that includes an analyte-responsive enzyme and a cationic polymer. Also provided are systems and methods of making the sensors and using the electrochemical analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor of a flexible, body-mountable analyte sensing device is provided. The electrochemical sensor is disposed on a flexible sensor probe that is configured to penetrate the skin such that the electrochemical sensor disposed on the sensor probe can detect an analyte in interstitial fluid. The electrochemical sensor is made sensitive to the analyte by disposing a substance that selectively binds to reacts with, catalyzes a reaction of, or otherwise selectively interacts with the analyte. The substance is localized by crosslinking on the surface of an electrode and/or by being disposed in a polymer layer disposed on the electrode. The polymer layer can be a hydrogel. Further, a hydrogel layer can be formed on the sensor probe to protect elements of the sensor probe and to increase the biocompatibility of the sensor probe.

Abstract: A flexible, body-mountable analyte sensing device includes a flexible substrate configured for mounting to skin of a living body. The sensing device additionally includes a sensor probe attached to the flexible substrate and configured to penetrate the skin such that a sensor disposed on the sensor probe can detect an analyte in interstitial fluid. The sensor probe can include an elongate extension of the flexible substrate. The sensor can be, for example, an electrochemical sensor or an optical sensor. The sensing device is configured to wirelessly indicate detected concentrations or other information about the analyte in the interstitial fluid. The flexible substrate of the sensing device is configured to be adhered or otherwise mounted to the skin in a manner that minimally impacts activities of the living body.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to analyte determining methods and devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that have a membrane with low temperature sensitivity. The sensing layer is disposed on a working electrode of in vivo and/or in vitro analyte sensors, e.g., continuous and/or automatic in vivo monitoring using analyte sensors and/or test strips. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to analyte determining methods and devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that have a membrane with low temperature sensitivity. The sensing layer is disposed on a working electrode of in vivo and/or in vitro analyte sensors, e.g., continuous and/or automatic in vivo monitoring using analyte sensors and/or test strips. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte sensors in analyte monitoring.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods employing contact lenses having electrochemical sensors that have adjustable analyte-sensing sensitivity are provided. In some aspects, level of the analyte or biological substance is detected and a number of sub-electrodes of the sensor are turned on or off based on the level of the analyte or biological substance. The sensitivity of the sensor is adjusted based on the number of sub-electrodes that are turned on or off. In some aspects, the current level from the sensor is employed in determining the number of sub-electrodes to turn on or off. In one aspect, a contact lens includes: a substrate; a power component; a circuit and an adjustment circuit. The circuit can include a potentiostat; and a sensor electrically coupled to the potentiostat, and configured to sense a level of an analyte. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjustable by the adjustment circuit.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods employing contact lenses having one or more sensor that sense an analyte in tear fluid and one or more recesses that collect the tear fluid. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a recess formed within the substrate configured to collect tear fluid when the contact lens is worn. The contact lens further includes at least one sensor disposed within the substrate configured to sense presence of an analyte in the collected tear fluid.

Abstract: A method may involve forming a cross-linked polymer plug over a sensor located on a structure, such that the sensor is covered by the cross-linked polymer plug. The sensor is configured to detect an analyte. The method may involve forming a first polymer layer, which defines a posterior side of an eye-mountable device. Further, the method may involve positioning the structure on the first polymer layer. Still further, the method may involve forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer and the structure to provide a partially-fabricated device. The second polymer layer defines an anterior side of the eye-mountable device. The method may also involve soaking the partially-fabricated device in a fluid, such that the cross-linked polymer plug swells out of the partially-fabricated device to leave a channel in the second polymer layer, wherein the sensor is configured to receive the analyte via the channel.

Abstract: Generally, embodiments of the invention relate to analyte determining devices (e.g., electrochemical analyte monitoring systems) that include an indicator element that provides information relating to service history of the analyte determining devices, including, for example, previous use of the analyte determining devices. Also provided are systems and methods of using the, for example electrochemical, analyte determining devices in analyte monitoring.