Abstract: A new group of non-chemically amplified negative tone water/aqueous base developable (photo) resists based on redistribution of carbon-oxygen bonds in pendant ester groups of the polymers has been found.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of processing a semiconductor structure including a resist thereon, involving the steps of exposing the semiconductor structure including the resist to acting radiation; contacting the semiconductor structure including the exposed resist with a solution comprising water and from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of a surfactant; and developing the resist with a developer.

Abstract: Novel thermally imageable monochrome product compositions, elements, and processes are disclosed herein. These compositions and elements characteristically have high contrast and fast imaging speeds. The thermally imageable compositions of this invention contain at least one polymeric binder, a specified leuco dye and a specified hydroxylamine compound. These compositions have the propensity for affording, upon thermal imaging, highly colored images having high optical density values. At the same time, background color is low in preferred compositions even after extensive exposure to ambient light. These compositions can be imagewise heated to effect color formation (i.e., generation of an image) or, in case of compositions containing at least one near IR-absorbing dye, can be imagewise exposed to near IR radiation from a laser or other device to effect color formation (i.e., generation of an image).

Abstract: Prints of different formats are produced by pixel by pixel recording of image information available in digital form for each picture onto a carrier material from a group of band-shaped standard carrier materials having different preselected strip widths. The image information of a print is recorded in a normal orientation or rotated 90° when one of the dimensions of the print to be produced can be made to correspond with the strip width of the available carrier material. The carrier material is changed when neither the length nor the width of a print to be produced corresponds to the strip width of the available carrier material. For a set of pictures to be produced which have at least partially different formats, the sequence of the recording of the underlying picture information is set according to the formats of the prints to be produced so that the number of the required carrier material changes is minimized.

Abstract: A one-part color developer concentrate which comprises at least two phases and which is free from precipitates at 20° C., which contains at least one color developer substance, at least one antioxidant, at least one anti-lime agent, a buffer system and alkali, one phase of which is aqueous and the other phase of which is organic, wherein the aqueous phase has a pH of at least 9, is obtained when the concentrate has a concentration of cations from 0.5 to 15 mol/l, wherein at least 10 mol % of the cations are sodium ions and the organic phase is formed from one or more water-soluble solvents, and wherein 50 to 95% by weight of the sum of water and water-soluble solvents is water.

Abstract: A one-part, multi-phase colour developer concentrate having an aqueous phase and an organic phase, wherein the organic phase is constituted by a carboxylic acid amide or urea derivative which is liquid at room temperature and the concentrate contains at least one compound of the formulae (I), (II) or (III) as antioxidant: in which R1 means alkyl, R2 means alkyl or aryl and n means 0 or 1 and at least one of the residues R1 and R2 contains at least one —OH, —COOH or —SO3H group; in which R3 means an alkyl or acyl group; in which R4 means an alkylene group optionally interrupted by O atoms and m means a number of at least 2, is in particular suitable for the production of a colour developer solution for silver halide materials having an elevated AgCl content.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photographic element comprising a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a “NB coupler” having the formula (I): wherein: the term “NB coupler” represents a coupler of formula (I) that forms a dye for which the left bandwidth (LBW) using spin-coating is at least 5 nm less than that of the same dye in solution form; Y is H or a coupling-off group; each Z* is an independently selected substituent group where p is 0 to 2; V is a substituent group containing a sulfone group; R4 is represented by the formula wherein each of R5, R6 and R7 is hydrogen or an independently selected substituent with no more than one being hydrogen; provided that two or more of R5, R6 and R7 may join to form a ring or rings and provided that the combined sum of the aliphatic carbon atoms in V, R4 and all Z* is at least 8, and provided further that R4 is not a fully fluorinated alkyl group. Such elements provide improved hue.

Abstract: A heat developing color photosensitive material including a substrate carrying thereon a photosensitive silver halide, binder, a developing agent having specific structure classified into an aminophenol derivative or a phenylenediamine derivative and a compound which forms or releases a diffusive dye by reaction with an oxidized product of the developing agent, in which the material further comprises at least one of the specific naphtol derivatives, phenol derivatives, pyrazolone derivatives, aminophenol derivatives, and the like. These compounds each preferably contain an organic ballasting group which allows the compound. There is also disclosed a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which includes at least a compound of the formula (1) or (2): This light-sensitive material is excellent in discrimination and raw stock storability.

Abstract: A method for producing a silver halide photographic emulsion comprises a step of spectrally sensitizing a silver halide photographic emulsion material that contains tabular silver halide grains having an aspect ratio of 3 or more in an amount of 50% or more of the total projected area of all the silver halide grains, and a step of performing the spectral sensitization by the addition of a cyanine dye in an amount of 60% or more of the saturated covering amount of the silver halide grains, and the emulsion is produced in the presence of 400 to 2,500 ppm of calcium ions and/or 50 to 2,500 ppm of magnesium ions.

Abstract: A photographic element comprises: a support and, coated on the support, a plurality of hydrophilic colloid layers, including radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, forming layer units for separately recording blue, green and red exposures, wherein, the red recording layer unit is comprised of at least one green-red sensitive emulsion having a peak dyed absorptance of between about 525 and about 600 nm, an overall half-peak absorptance bandwidth of between about 70 and about 150 nm, and a ratio of the bandwidths at 80% of peak absorptance to 50% of peak absorptance of greater than or equal to about 0.25. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the photographic element is especially suited for more accurately recording scenes according to the human visual system.

Abstract: This invention relates, in general, to a process for cross-linking and stabilizing proteinaceous material, and in particular, to a process for oxidizing collagenous material, by oxidizing the tissue. The invention also relates to the resulting cross-linked product. The method comprises immersing the material to be cross-linked in a solution comprising compounds designed to generate the radical species singlet oxygen or other oxidizing intermediates without the addition of an external energy source. Immersing collagen containing tissue in a solution comprising an oxidizing agent and sufficient dissolved oxygen, under controlled conditions of pH and temperature, provides a cross-linked and stabilized collagen containing tissue that resists chemical and enzymatic degradation.

Abstract: Synthetic media formulations are disclosed for use with blood preparations intended for in vivo use, including synthetic media formulations to be employed in conjunction with the photodecontamination of platelets.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for determining an analyte in a medium suspected of containing the analyte. One method comprises treating a medium suspected of containing an analyte under conditions such that the analyte, if present, causes a photosensitizer and a chemiluminescent compound to come into close proximity. The photosensitizer generates singlet oxygen and activates the chemiluminescent compound when it is in close proximity. The activated chemiluminescent compound subsequently produces light. The amount of light produced is related to the amount of analyte in the medium. Preferably, at least one of the photosensitizer and chemiluminescent compound is associated with a surface which is usually a suspendible particle, and a specific binding pair member is bound thereto. Compositions and kits are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides two new HIV/SIV translocation promoting agents, Bonzo and BOB. The present invention also provides the amino acid and DNA sequences of human, African green monkey, and pigtail macaque of the receptor protein Bonzo. Mammalian cells transfected with Bonzo and/or BOB and human CD4 as well as antibodies to the receptor Bonzo are also included. Furthermore, a method of identifying other such translocation promoting agents is also disclosed. Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of the translocation promoting agents of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: Novel chromogenic, fluorogenic and fluorescence polarization substrates which are useful in HCV NS3 protease and inhibitor assays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the specificity of a specific binding assay by adding methyl orange to a coating solution in an amount sufficient for improving specificity of an immunoassay conducted using said coating. The present invention also relates to a method for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus is performed by, i) providing a solid phase comprising a coating solution comprising methyl orange and at least one first binding ligand for antibodies to hepatitis C virus; ii) contacting the solid phase with a sample that may contain antibodies to hepatitis C virus; iii) contacting the solid phase with at least one second binding ligand for antibodies to hepatitis C virus, said second ligand labelled directly or indirectly with a detectable group and iv) measuring the amount of the detectable group bound to the solid phase.

Abstract: The present invention makes available assays and reagents for identifying anti-proliferative agents, such as mitotic and meiotic inhibitors. The present assay provides a simple and rapid screening test which relies on scoring for positive cellular proliferation as indicative of anti-mitotic or anti-meiotic activity, and comprises contacting a candidate agent with a cell which has an impaired cell-cycle checkpoint and measuring the level of proliferation in the presence and absence of the agent. The checkpoint impairment is such that it either causes premature progression of the cell through at least a portion of a cell-cycle or inhibition of normal progression of the cell through at least a portion of a cell-cycle, but can be off-set by the action of an agent which inhibits at least one regulatory protein of the cell-cycle in a manner which counter-balances the effect of the impairment.

Abstract: The present invention is a purified and isolated epithelial protein, peptide and variants thereof whose increased presence in an epithelial cell is indicative of precancer. One epithelial protein which is an early detection marked for lung cancer was purified from two human lung cancer cell lines, NCI-H720 and NCI-H157. Using a six-step procedure, the epithelial protein was purified using a Western blot detection system under both non-reducing and reducing conditions. Purification steps included anion exchange chromatography, preparative isoelectric focusing, polymer-based C18 HPLC and analytic C4 HPLC. After an approximately 25,000 fold purification the immunostaining protein was >90% pure as judged by coomassie blue staining after reducing SDS-PAGE. The primary epithelial protein share some sequence homology with the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2. A minor co-purifying epithelial protein shares some sequence homology with the splice variant hnRNP-B1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the determining the prognosis for a patient diagnosed with a neurological disease. The present invention also provides a method for the identification of human subjects for placement in clinical drug trials of drugs being tested for the treatment of neurological disease and for determining a patient's future disease risk.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for predicting the potential of an oligonucleotide to hybridize to a target nucleotide sequence. A predetermined number of unique oligonucleotides is identified. The unique oligonucleotides are chosen to sample the entire length of a nucleotide sequence that is hybridizable with the target nucleotide sequence. At least one parameter that is independently predictive of the ability of each of the oligonucleotides of the set to hybridize to the target nucleotide sequence is determined and evaluated for each of the above oligonucleotides. A subset of oligonucleotides within the predetermined number of unique oligonucleotides is identified based on the evaluation of the parameter. Oligonucleotides in the subset are identified that are clustered along a region of the nucleotide sequence that is hybridizable to the target nucleotide sequence. The method may be carried out with the aid of a computer.

Abstract: A method for specifically diagnosing spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is disclosed. In the method of the present invention, PCR is carried out using a first primer which hybridizes with a part of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:1, a second primer which hybridizes with a part of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:3, and a test DNA as a template, and the number of CAG repeats is measured in the amplified PCR product. Since the numbers of CAG repeat in the genes of SCA2 patients are not less than 35 while those of normal individuals are 15 to 24, diagnosis of SCA2 can be carried out by the method of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for identifying and/or cloning within a biological sample alternatively spliced nucleic acid regions ocurring between two physiological conditions, comprising hybridizing RNA derived from a test condition with cDNA derived from the standard condition and further identifying and/or cloning nucleic acids corresponding to alternative forms of splicing.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for rapidly, economically and efficiently determining the concentration of a target nucleobase-containing sequence in a fluid medium using laser induced fluorescence of antisense probes. When hybridization complexes and unhybridized probes are separated prior to detection, the fluorescent intensity of the test medium is proportional to the concentration of the target sequence. When hybridization complexes and unhybridized probes are not separated prior to detection, the fluorescent intensity of the test medium is inversely proportional to the concentration of the target sequence. The method can be used to determine the concentration of a contaminant in a sample as a part of a system of quality control.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel STR markers for DNA fingerprinting. More specifically, the invention relates to seven different STR markers for DNA fingerprinting of a DNA sample, whereby each marker comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOS:1 to 7 as set forth in FIGS. 1A-1B.

Abstract: A polynucleotide encoding chitin synthase (CHS1), an enzyme essential for cell wall synthesis and yeast cell growth, is provided. A maltose responsive promoter (MRP) isolated using the promoter library of the invention is also described. The present invention also provides a vector for isolation of a eukaryotic regulatory polynucleotide, i.e., promoter. The vector is useful in the method of the invention which comprises identifying a eukaryotic regulatory polynucleotide, i.e., promoter region, by complementing the growth of an auxotrophic host cell containing the vector of the invention, which includes a promoter region operably linked to a promoterless auxotrophic gene. The vector is introduced into the host cell chromosome by targeted integration. Also provided is a library containing host cells having the vector of the invention integrated in the chromosome of the host cell.

Abstract: There is disclosed a cancer diagnostic method based upon DNA methylation differences at specific CpG sites. Specifically, the inventive method provides for a bisulfite treatment of DNA, followed by methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension (Ms-SNuPE), for determination of strand-specific methylation status at cytosine residues.

Abstract: Methods and devices are disclosed for carrying out multiple chemical reactions. A plurality of electrodes supported by a semiconductor substrate is brought into proximity with a reaction medium, which comprises reagents for carrying out the chemical reactions. An item of numerical data is sent to storage means in each of a plurality of cells within the semiconductor substrate by means of a data bus. The item of numerical data is representative of an electric signal. An address is sent to address decoders in communication with the storage means. As a result, the item of numerical data is stored in the storage means. Electric signals are selectively applied to each of the electrodes by means of a plurality of digital analog converters, each electrically coupled to a respective electrode. Each of the digital analog converters is associated with a respective cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is an Aspergillus fumigatus N-myristoyltransferase gene and its use in identifying antifungal agents, for example.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of tumor progression in cells involved in human tumors such as melanomas, breast, gastrointestinal, lung, and bone tumors, various types of skin cancers, and other neoplastic conditions such as leukemias and lymphomas. Genes are identified that are differentially expressed in benign (e.g., non-malignant) tumor cells relative to malignant tumor cells exhibiting a high metastatic potential. Genes are also identified via the ability of their gene products to interact with gene products involved in the progression to, and/or aggressiveness of, neoplastic tumor disease states. The genes and gene products identified can be used diagnostically or for therapeutic intervention.

Abstract: Methods and kits for detecting polymorphism that are predictive of a subject's susceptibility to developing sepsis are described.

Abstract: Preparations of nucleic acid condensates and compositions containing such condensates are provided. The nucleic acid condensates are in the form of small particles that are stable when subjected to destabilizing conditions such as lyophilizing, freeze-thawing, and prolonged liquid storage. These compositions may be used to deliver nucleic acid to cells.

Abstract: The invention comprises homogeneous nucleotide amplification strategies and assays. The methods involve amplification of a target nucleic acid sequence that includes the use of a probe that forms a duplex with a target nucleic acid sequence having an enzymatically cleavable region. The probe may anneal to other nucleic acid sequences but only forms an enzymatically cleavable region if the nucleic acid sequence is complementary to the probe. In other embodiments, the probe is configured to act as a primer for the amplification reaction if it anneals to a target nucleic acid sequence and is enzymatically cleaved. The target nucleic acid sequences amplified by the methods of this invention may be assayed by labeling the probe, by employing a second probe having features of the invention or by other suitable methods. Preferably, the probes comprise an RNA portion that forms an RNase H cleavable duplex with DNA.

Abstract: The invention comprises a multi-color, comparative hybridization assay method using an array of nucleic acid target elements attached to a solid support for the simultaneous detection of both gene expression and chromosomal abnormalities in a tissue sample. The method of the invention employs a comparative hybridization of a tissue mRNA or cDNA sample labeled in a first fluorescent color, a tissue chromosomal DNA sample labeled in a second fluorescent color, and at least one reference nucleic acid labeled in a third fluorescent color, to the array. The fluorescent color presence and intensity at each of at least two target elements are detected and the fluorescent ratios (i) of the first and third colors and (ii) the second and third colors determined. Gene expression and chromosomal abnormalities are thus simultaneously detected.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel modified host cells which express heterologous fused proteins and methods of screening for test samples having peptide-binding activity; wherein the modified host cell comprises: (a) a gene sequence encoding a heterologous fusion protein; said fusion protein comprising a first peptide of a peptide binding pair, or segment of said first peptide, which is joined to either a DNA binding domain or its corresponding transcriptional activation domain of a transcriptional activation protein; (b) a gene sequence encoding a heterologous fusion protein, said fusion protein comprising a second peptide of the peptide binding pair in (a), or a segment thereof, fused to either a DNA binding domain or its corresponding transcriptional activation domain, whichever one is not employed in (a); (c) a reporter gene operatively associated with the transcriptional activation protein, or a portion thereof; (d) optionally, a deletion or mutation in the chromosomal DNA of the host cell for the transcri

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for determining tumor status by determining antibodies specific to NY-ESO-1 in patient samples. One can determine whether a cancerous condition is progressing, regressing, or remaining stable by determining antibodies against NY-ESO-1 in a patient sample, and comparing the value obtained to a prior value. When the tumor in question expresses NY-ESO-1, a change in this value is indicative of a change in status of the cancerous condition.

Abstract: A method is provided for mutagenizing nucleic acids and proteins relative to an initial target nucleic acid sequence by the insertion, deletion, or substitution of one or more oligonucleotides during amplification.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated yeast cells which comprise a mutation in an endogenous yeast CAV1 gene, which exhibit increased signaling via the pheromone response pathway. In a preferred embodiment, the cav1 mutant yeast cells of the invention also express a heterologous G protein coupled receptor that functionally couples to the pheromone response pathway. The instant yeast cells display enhanced sensitivity to ligand induced stimulation of heterologous G protein coupled receptors and, therefore, show improved properties in drug screening assays.

Abstract: The present invention utilizes the singularity of the 18S rRNA gene sequence of the Cordyceps sinensis between the NS3/NS6 primer pair as the index for distinguishing the Cordyceps sinensis from other Cordyceps species.

Abstract: The invention provides a set of two PCR primers designed based on a DNA sequence of a gene encoding malic acid dehydrogenase and a specific DNA of Salmonella typhimurium. The invention provides also a DNA probe specific for the above-mentioned PCR primers. Finally, a PCR method using above-mentioned primers is provided for the rapid and specific detection of Salmonella typhimurium in food and clinical specimens such as human fecal specimens. Said PCR method comprises further a Southern hybridization assay for detecting PCR products. The whole process could be shortened from 5-7 days for BAM method to 1-2 days.

Abstract: Methods for determining a potential of a hyperglycemic patient to develop vascular complications in response to oxidative stress and for determining the importance of reducing oxidative stress in a specific hyperglycemic patient are disclosed. Each method includes the step of determining a haptoglobin phenotype of the patient. A variety of means of making this determination are further disclosed.

Abstract: Amplification primers and methods for specific amplification and detection of a mip gene sequence are disclosed. The primer-target binding sequences are useful for amplification and detection of Legionella pneumophila target in a variety of amplification and detection reactions.

Abstract: A method is presented which uses a unique opposite strand joining strategy during PCR of an original DNA to generate a product which, when sequenced with a single sequencing primer yields the sequence of both strands of the original DNA. The PCR primers include 1) a modified oligomer corresponding to the 5′ end of a first strand of the DNA to be amplified wherein said modified oligomer includes the reverse complementary sequence to a sequence within said first strand of DNA and a specific PCR priming sequence which will specifically hybridize to a portion of the DNA to be amplified and 2) a second oligomer corresponding to the 5′ end of the second strand of the DNA to be amplified and which contains the priming sequence for the second strand of the DNA and will specifically hybridize to a portion of the DNA to be amplified. During PCR an intermediate product is formed where one end of one strand loops around to hybridize to its complement on the same strand.

Abstract: A method of determining the presence of chronic volume dependent hypertension is provided wherein a determination is made as to whether there has been a substantial reduction in phosphorylation of the blood-derived protein or renal proximal brush border membrane protein and if such reduction exists concluding that chronic volume dependent hypertension exists in a patient. The method may advantageously be practiced by employing blood serum or blood plasma as the body specimen containing the protein in determining whether a patient has chronic volume dependent hypertension, a cellular component of the blood, such as a blood-derived protein coming from the plasma membrane of lymphocytes. The method may include subsequent therapeutic patient treatment. Related diagnostic apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A hybridoma obtainable by fusing a spleen cell or lymphocyte of an animal immunized by a complex of a surfactant compound for synthetic detergent and protein with a myeloma cell, which produces a monoclonal antibody against the compound or its degradation product. A monoclonal antibody against a surfactant compound for synthetic detergent or its degradation product which is produced by the hybridoma, a kit for immunoassay of detergent, its degradation product or a mixture thereof containing as an essential constitutional component the monoclonal antibody, and an immunoassay method, in particular, ELISA of detergent, its degradation product or a mixture thereof in a specimen by reacting the specimen with the monoclonal antibody supported on a carrier and the detergent, its degradation product or the mixture thereof labeled with a labeling agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting an anti-GADII antibody, and a method of diagnosing cancer using this detecting method. In particular, it relates to a method of diagnosing cancer by detecting an anti-GADII antibody existing in serum. GADII protein increases upon the occurrence of hepatic cancer, and the antibody against GADII protein also increases upon the occurrence of hepatic cancer. As a result, the occurrence of cancer can be monitored by detecting the anti-GADII antibody.

Abstract: The invention provides a single-well, microscale method of determining the specific apoptotic activity of a cell. The method consists of contacting a cell population of about 1×105 cells for a time period of between about 30 minutes and 4 hours with a sufficient volume of medium containing an apoptotic specific diagnostic reagent and a diagnostic accessory reagent so as to cover the cell population, and determining the activity of the apoptotic specific diagnostic reagent. The invention also provides a method of identifying a compound which induces apoptosis. The invention further provides a rapid method of identifying a compound which inhibits apoptosis.

Abstract: A method of analyzing cells in a carrier solution comprises the following steps: (a) Introducing the carrier solution into a conduit having a surface portion (preferably a substantially flat surface portion). The carrier solution has the cells suspended therein. (b) Allowing the cells to settle on the surface portion, the surface portion including at least one imaging field. In an alternate embodiment, one or more discreet capture zones (e.g., formed from an affinity species immobilized on the substrate or a textured region on the substrate) are formed on the surface portion, and this step (b) comprises capturing the cells in the capture zone. (c) Sequentially interrogating a plurality of the cells in the imaging field with emitted light. (d) Processing resultant light from the imaging field. (e) Generating digital information for each of the plurality of cells from the resultant light. (f) Generating a response file for each of the plurality of cells from the digital information.

Abstract: A method for screening for a pro-tumor immune response according to the present invention, the method comprises: contacting a clinical sample with one or more detector molecules for detecting, and then determining the amount of, mononuclear cell phenotype in the sample; and (b) comparing the amount of mononuclear cell phenotype determined in the sample to a reference value for the mononuclear cell phenotype; wherein a significant difference in the amount of mononuclear cell phenotype determined as compared to the reference value may be an indicator of the presence of a pro-tumor immune response. Also provided are assay kits for determining an amount of mononuclear cell phenotype in performing the methods according to the present invention.

Abstract: Provided are, among other things, nucleic acid sequences encoding the GlyT1d form of glycine transporter, vectors, methods of producing the transporter, and methods for identifying bioactive agents.

Abstract: Disclosed are a color developing method utilizing the reaction of an indolyl derivative with an enzyme in the presence of a specific free radical compound and/or a specific chelate compound, and an enzyme immunoassay using the color developing method.