Abstract: A 4-4 distribution antenna layout and a five-stage coordinate positioning method of electromagnetic induction systems being provided by the present invention is disclosed. The 4-4 distribution antenna layout of the present invention divides antenna circuitries into x-axis and y-axis groups. The antenna circuitries within the same group are in equal distance displacements and in the same direction, which further comprise a plurality of antenna loops. The formation of each antenna loop comprises a dense multiple duplicate self-looping method. Moreover, the five-stage coordinate positioning method of electromagnetic induction systems comprising, first, carrying out a first procedure to confirm any signal with voltage amplitude greater than a standard minimum signal recognition value. Second, carrying out a second procedure to confirm signal existence of the previous scan as well as to confirm the nearest antenna loop to the transmission source. Third, carrying out a third procedure to obtain coordinate values.

Abstract: The invention concerns a quadrifilar helix antenna that has four orthogonal conductive elements helically wound around a common axis. Each of the conductive elements can have between 3 to 7 turns about the common axis at a pitch of between 45 to 65 degrees. Further, each turn has a diameter of about 0.13 wavelengths to 0.27 wavelengths. A feed coupler excites each of the orthogonal conductive elements in phase quadrature at a feed point located at a first end of the antenna adjacent to a ground plane. The resulting antenna can have an axial length of about 2.3 wavelengths to 6.9 wavelengths. Unlike conventional quadrifillar helix antennas, an opposing end of each of the conductive elements distal from the feed point forms an open circuit. The antenna configured as described can have a peak gain on horizon when the common axis is oriented vertically.

Abstract: An active matrix display device is provided in which parasistic capacitance or the like is suppressed by forming a thick insulating film around an organic semiconductor film, and disconnection or the like does not occur in an opposing electrode formed on the upper layer of the thick insulating film. In the active matrix display device, first, a bank layer composed of a resist film is formed along data lines and scanning lines. By depositing an opposing electrode of a thin film luminescent element on the upper layer side of the bank layer, capacitance that parasitizes the data lines can be suppressed. Additionally, a discontinuities portion is formed in the bank layer. Since the discontinuities portion is a planar section which does not have any a step due to the existence of the bank layer, disconnection of opposing electrode does not occur at this section. When an organic semiconductor film is formed by an ink jet process, a liquid material discharged from an ink jet head is blocked by the bank layer.

Abstract: A display system for providing a user viewable visible color image includes a display for receiving color laser light so that the display, in response to color laser light, produces a viewable visible colored image; a plurality of different color laser light sources arranged in an array with each such laser light source including: a first dielectric stack for receiving and transmitting pump-beam light and being reflective to laser light over a predetermined range of wavelengths; an organic active region for receiving transmitted pump-beam light from the first dielectric stack; and a second dielectric stack for reflecting transmitted pump-beam light and laser light from the organic active region back into the organic active region. The display system projects color laser light from the array onto the display in a pattern to cause a visual image to be produced by the display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus which carries out matrix driving of liquid crystal by applying voltages to a plurality of scan electrodes and a plurality of data electrodes which face and cross each other with the liquid crystal in-between. The drive of the liquid crystal to make a display is controlled by a control circuit which controls a scan electrode driving circuit for driving the scan electrodes and a data electrode driving circuit for driving the data electrodes. The scan electrode driving circuit encodes and decodes a clock signal outputted from the control circuit so as to apply a stream of pulses to each of the scan electrodes at specified timings.

Abstract: A driving scheme for chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystal displays comprises a preparation step, a holding-selection step, and an evolution step. The column and row drivers require only 2 voltage levels: U or 0. Duty cycles and phases in the preparation step, the holding-selection step, and the evolution step, are varied to generate optimized contrast, brightness, and gray levels on cholesteric liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: A dot matrix display system for multiple-tone displays, comprising a display device in which pixels are arrayed in a matrix shape, an LC (liquid-crystal) drive signal generator which converts color display data into LC display data, an 8-level data driver which selects one of 8-level voltages in accordance with the LC display data and then delivers the selected voltage, and an 8-level applied LC voltage generator by which the 8-level voltages to be applied to the pixels are produced so as to substantially uniformalize color differences between the respectively adjacent tones of the multiple-tone displays. Owing to the substantially uniform color differences between the respectively adjacent tones, the multiple-tone displays which are uniformly seen by the human eye can be realized.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display driven by a dot-line inversion driving method in combination with a 2-step dot sequential precharge driving method which, if black window or black lines are displayed, is free of horizontal trails on circumscribing portions thereof is provided. Before video signals having opposite polarities are applied to signal lines, first, a full-line precharge pulse is generated in the horizontal blanking periods, and precharge gray signals which have the same polarity as that of the previous pixel potential are written together based on the full-line precharge pulse. Then, precharge black signals having the same polarity as that of one of the video signals, and precharge gray signals having the same polarity of that of the other video signal are written in two steps.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a space saving design for an optical reader with keyboard and display wherein the reader is configured so that a reader trigger provides function in addition to the actuation of scanning. When an alphanumeric key is depressed the trigger is pulled and released to cycle through and select the available characters assigned to that particular key. The current character selection is shown at the cursor location on the display. When the key is released the current character selection is accepted and the cursor advances. This arrangement provides efficient, low cost access to alpha and punctuation-characters by reducing the number of keys and keystrokes required to enter data. The trigger may also be configured to operate in other user defined modes such as macro initiation or display scrolling.

Abstract: Methods and systems for an input device are described. In one exemplary embodiment, the input device can comprise a housing and a deployable input device attached to the housing. The deployable input device can be deployed from a stowed position to an extended position without changing a desktop footprint of the computing device.

Abstract: A computer pointing device that functions electronically as a mouse with a preferred shape that looks like the top of an upright hawk, permitting ergonomic holding by the whole palm in a naturally upright position during operation, including moving the cursor, turning the scroll wheel, and clicking the buttons.

Abstract: A keycap is used to display a plurality of indicia, such as Braille, pictures, etc., for use with a keyboard that interacts with an electronic device, such as a computer. The keycap includes at least one engagement member, for removably engaging with at least one activation key on a keyboard, and at least a first support structure for displaying the indicia. The first support structure is larger in at least one direction than the activation key and allows the keycap to display the indicia in a sufficiently large size to allow the keycap to display, for example, phrases, sentences, musical notation, mathematical expressions, etc. This feature allows the keycap to be compatible with a large number of software programs used to teach, for example, disabled individuals. The keycap preferably is used with a removable overlay containing the plurality of indicia that allows the keycap to be easily configured to the user's needs or the requirements of the software program.

Abstract: A notebook computer force-controlled pointing stick device incorporates a more comfortable cap with enhanced ergonomic features. The device is generally cylindrical in shape and is located between the G, H, and B keys on the computer keyboard. The upper end of the device has a donut-like shape with a concave or crown-shaped central portion that forms well to the user's finger and provides better control, but does not interfere with typing. The upper end preferably has a rubber tip that provides improved control for a finger of a user. In an alternate version, the device is similar in shape to a bicycle saddle.

Abstract: An electrical switching apparatus configured for low power operation includes: (a) a plurality of switching devices arranged in a switching array permitting sensing of individual switching events by selected switching devices; (b) a switching control device coupled with the switching array that provides power to the switching array for sensing and for a first time interval after a first switching device is actuated. The control device identifies the first switching device during the first time interval and interrupts power to the switching array after the first time interval until the first switching device is deactuated. The control device provides power to the switching array for a second time interval after the first switching device is deactuated. The control device determines during the second time interval whether a second switching device other than the first switching device is actuated.

Abstract: A hand-held electronic device with a keyboard optimized for use with the thumbs is disclosed. In order to operate within the limited space available on a hand-held electronic device, the present invention optimizes the placement and shape of the keys, preferably using keys that are oval or oblong in shape, and that are placed at angles designed to facilitate thumb-typing. The angles at which keys on either side of the keyboard are placed is complimentary.

Abstract: A computer keyboard providing an audible alert and a visual alert to the user when the keyboard is in the CAPS LOCK mode of operation. A computer system including a computer keyboard providing an audible alert and a visual alert to the user when the keyboard is in the CAPS LOCK mode of operation. A computer keyboard and a computer system having a timer to turn off the CAPS LOCK mode after a period of time during which no keyboard keys are struck.

Abstract: A computer keyboard having duplicates of the Enter key, the Delete key, and the Backspace key to the left side of the main keyboard keys for cooperative operation by the left hand during editing functions while the right hand manipulates the computer mouse.

Abstract: A key input device in which an input key is oscillated with respect to an opposing surface facing a bottom portion thereof and in which depression of the opposing surface with the input key at a normal operating point situated above a contact portion of a board causes the input key to tilt in a normal oscillating direction to effect input at the contact portion. Either the bottom portion of the input key or the opposing surface is equipped with guide protrusions arranged symmetrically with respect to an imaginary line extending along the normal oscillating direction of the input key. Depression of the opposing surface with the input key at an erroneous operating point deviated from the normal operating point results in the guide protrusions guiding the input key to tilt in the normal oscillating direction while abutting either the bottom portion of the input key or the opposing surface.

Abstract: A microstrip-type of circuit board is used as a source driver for a liquid crystal display. Video signal buses extend in a longitudinal direction on the board. Along a centerline of the longitudinal direction of the board, there are provided through vias to which a signal from a tab driver is propagated. Each video signal bus has a plurality of through vias disposed symmetrically with respect to the though vias disposed along the centerline of the longitudinal direction of the board, with tab leads electrically connected to the symmetrically disposed through via. The substantial symmetry of the circuit board provides the advantage of substantially suppressing EMI.

Abstract: An electromagnetic tablet integrated type monitor filter is disclosed in this invention. By employing the electromagnetic tablet integrated type monitor filter according to this present invention, the user can directly perform the input of hand-writing, hand-writing drawing, and the like functions. Therefore, the tablet integrated type monitor filter can not only save working space, but also provide a way for hand-writing input, that is more similar to the writing habits of the users.

Abstract: An approach for accurately determining touch location on a touch screen is provided. According to one aspect, a touch signal shape may be correlated with a level of touch-induced touch signal error present in the touch signal. The touch signal shape is associated with a preferred time for obtaining touch signal information to determine the touch location. Touch signal location information is acquired in response to detecting the touch signal shape in the touch signal. The location of the touch is determined from the acquired touch signal information.

Abstract: An LCD with photo-detecting capability. The LCD includes a photo-detecting device to detect environmental brightness and a processing device to control display brightness according to the returned environmental brightness value. When the environmental brightness value is greater than a predetermined brightness value stored in the processing device, a low display brightness mode is applied to the LCD. When the environmental brightness value is lower than the predetermined brightness value, a high display brightness mode is applied to the LCD. When a user turns off light and leaves without powering off a computer equipped with the LCD, i.e., environmental brightness value is zero, the processing device automatically turns off the display frame until the LCD is powered on again.

Abstract: A system and method for managing power consumption of an information handling system dynamically switches between high and low clock speed data transfers with double data rate (DDR) memory. The selection of a high clock speed dynamically switches the DDR memory to connect to a parallel termination for more rapid data transfers with increased power consumption. The selection of a low clock speed dynamically switches the DDR memory to disconnect the parallel termination for slower data transfers with reduced power consumption. In one embodiment, portable computer graphics DDR memory reduces power consumption by selecting low clock speed transfers without parallel termination when operating on internal power. The portable computer graphics DDR memory provides improved display resolution by selecting high clock speed transfers with parallel termination when operating on external power or when displaying information from high resolution applications.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for optimizing the geometric stretch of a parametrization scheme. Given an arbitrary mesh, the systems and methods construct a progressive mesh (PM) such that all meshes in the PM sequence share a common texture parametrization. The systems and methods minimize geometric stretch, i.e., small texture distances mapped onto large surface distances, to balance sampling rates over all locations and directions on the surface. The systems and methods also minimize texture deviation, i.e., “slippage” error based on parametric correspondence, to obtain accurate textured mesh approximations. The technique(s) begin by partitioning the mesh into charts using planarity and compactness heuristics. Then, the technique(s) proceed by creating a stretch-minimizing parametrization within each chart, and by resizing the charts based on the resulting stretch. Then, the technique(s) simplify the mesh while respecting the chart boundaries.

Abstract: A computer program and apparatus for displaying an image of graphical objects viewed from a certain eye point, which permit the user to select either a fixed up direction or a variable up direction when manipulating the eye point location. The program first determines which movement mode to use, according to a given user action. It then calculates the eye point coordinates and a line-of-sight vector according to the user action and the determined movement mode. When the mode is fixed up-direction mode, the up direction of the projection plane is set to a predefined direction. When it is variable up-direction mode, some predetermined rules are applied to determine the up direction. Given objects are perspective-projected on the projection plane being oriented in the determined up direction, based on the calculated eye point coordinates and line-of-sight vector. The resulting object image is then displayed on a monitor screen.

Abstract: In one embodiment, selecting auxiliary screen regions to activate in rendering a straight line segment on a screen of a computer monitor, wherein the straight line segment comprises points defined by an algebraic expression equal to zero, wherein the expression is expressed as a first constant multiplied by a x-axis value plus a second constant multiplied by a y-axis value plus a third constant, wherein the straight line segment has a width.

Abstract: An apparatus for efficiently filling an image on a display screen through hardware acceleration are provided. One exemplary device includes a display controller. The display controller includes image generation circuitry configured to generate an address and a color for each pixel of an image to be drawn on a display screen. The image generation circuitry includes pen width selection circuitry configured to identify and select coordinates of adjacent and non-overlapping sectors to an initial footprint of the image on the display screen to be drawn. The display controller includes data processing and selection circuitry configured to interface with a central processing unit (CPU) and a memory. The data processing and selection circuitry in communication with the image generation circuitry and configured to receive the address and the color for each pixel of the image. A system and methods for filling an image on a display screen are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention can include a method in a computer system for automatically connecting drawing elements to other drawing elements, which can include selecting one or more snap modes from a set of snap modes; drawing an element in a graphics file with a cursor; moving the cursor to a position within a distance tolerance of a second drawing element; automatically determining a set of snap points from the position of the cursor, based on the selected snap modes; visually highlighting a snap point; releasing the end of the first element; and automatically connecting the end of the first element with the snap point.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for facilitating communication about a document between two users creates autonomous, animated computer characters, or avatars, which are then attached to the document under discussion. The avatar is created by one user, who need not be the author of the document, and is attached to the document to represent a point of view. The avatar represents the physical likeness of its creator. The avatar is animated, using an avatar scripting language, to perform specified behaviors including pointing, walking and changing facial expressions. The avatar includes audio files that are synchronized with movement of the avatar's mouth to provide an audio message.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for creating a three-dimensional caricature, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for creating a three-dimensional caricature having a high degree of similarity to user's face by precisely extracting feature point information on facial features and modifying a three-dimensional polygon face basic model based on the feature point information using an ASM technique specialized for faces. The method comprises the steps of detecting the positions of eyes from an input facial image and normalizing the size of the facial image, detecting each initial position for facial features from the normalized facial image, loading ASMs in the normalized facial image so as to correspond to the detected initial position and then extracting feature points for the facial features, and creating a three-dimensional polygon face caricature by modifying the three-dimensional polygon face basic model according to coordinate values of the extracted feature points.

Abstract: A system and method for asynchronously processing video images are provided. A video processing computing device includes one or more video capture boards in communication with a number of image capture devices, such as video cameras. The video image processing computing device includes a video collection application that is operable to instruct the video capture board to acquire video data and store the data in a shared memory area. The video processing computing device also includes a video processing application that is operable to acquire the stored video from the shared memory area and process the video data. By utilizing a shared memory area, the video collection application and the video processing application can process data asynchronously.

Abstract: The geometry processor includes mutually independent first and second external interface ports connected to a host processor, and a rendering processor, respectively, and a geometry calculation core which processes a geometry calculation applied through the first external interface port from the host processor. The geometry calculation core includes a plurality of SIMD type floating point calculating units, a floating point power computing unit, an integer calculating unit, a controller responsive to an instruction from the host processor which controls the plurality of floating point calculating units, the floating point power computing unit and the integer calculating unit to process data from the host processor, and an output controller which outputs the processed data to the rendering processor through the second external interface port.

Abstract: A graphics integrated circuit chip is used in a set-top box for controlling a television display. The graphics chip processes analog video input, digital video input, a graphics input and an audio input simultaneously. The chip includes a display engine that processes graphics images organized as windows. The system includes plurality of line buffers for receiving the graphics contents. The graphics contents are composited into each of the plurality of line buffers by blending the graphics contents with the existing contents of the line buffer until all of the graphics surfaces for the line have been composited.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus of anisotropic texture filtering to obtain high quality image for three-dimensional graphics by using area coverage weight of sub-texel precision.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for synthesizing a texture of a desired size from a sample texture is provided. The method comprises the steps of generating a matrix of the desired size, and providing values to the matrix. The values include random values and at least a portion of the values represents a desired structure according to which graphical features of a synthesized texture are to substantially conform. The method further comprises executing a texture synthesis process that utilizes the matrix to generate a synthesized texture of the desired size having graphical features arranged therein substantially in conformance with the desired structure.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for providing a fine-to-coarse look ahead in connection with parametrization in a graphics system. The use of a variety of parametrization metrics may be supplemented and improved by the fine-to-coarse look ahead techniques of the invention. First, the metric of a parametrization is minimized using a coarse-to-fine hierarchical solver, and then accelerated with a fine-to-coarse propagation. The resulting parametrizations have increased texture resolution in surface regions with greater signal detail at all levels of detail in the progressive mesh sequence.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for optimizing a parametrization scheme in accordance with information about the surface signal. A surface parametrization is created to store a given surface signal into a texture image. The signal-specialized metric of the invention minimizes signal approximation error, i.e., the difference between the original surface signal and its reconstruction from the sampled texture. A signal-stretch parametrization metric is derived based on a Taylor expansion of signal error. For fast evaluation, the metric of the invention is pre-integrated over the surface as a metric tensor. The resulting parametrizations have increased texture resolution in surface regions with greater signal detail. Compared to traditional geometric parametrizations, the number of texture samples can often be reduced by a significant factor for a desired signal accuracy.

Abstract: A graphics system comprises pixel calculation units and a sample buffer which stores a two-dimensional field of samples. Each pixel calculation unit selects positions in the two-dimensional field at which pixel values (e.g. red, green, blue) are computed. The pixel computation positions are selected to compensate for image distortions introduced by a display device and/or display surface. Non-uniformities in a viewer's perceived intensity distribution from a display surface (e.g. hot spots, overlap brightness) are corrected by appropriately scaling pixel values prior to transmission to display devices. Two or more sets of pixel calculation units driving two or more display devices adjust their respective pixel computation centers to align the edges of two or more displayed images. Physical barriers prevent light spillage at the interface between any two of the display images. Separate pixel computation positions may be used for distinct colors to compensate for color distortions.

Abstract: A system and method for combining inputs from differently formatted graphics and video sources to create an electronically displayable image. The system includes at least one generative computer graphics input and at least one digital video input. A color space converter is used for each generative computer graphics input and each digital video input in order to convert each input into a common display format. A blending unit is also included that is coupled to the color space converters. The blending unit blends the common display format from each generative computer graphics input and digital video input. The blended output in the common display format can be stored in the frame buffer.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for storing, retrieving and otherwise handling two and/or three dimensional image data forming a picture or image. The picture is defined by a plurality of levels, each level including a plurality of subpicture areas corresponding to a different level of image data resolution relative to image data resolution levels corresponding to subpicture areas in other levels. The method and system include selecting a subpicture element having image data for inclusion in the picture and identifying a subpicture area in which the subpicture element may be placed. The method and system further include placing the image data of the subpicture element in the identified subpicture area.

Abstract: A dynamic graphical information presentation is generated and overlaid onto a time-lapse video image sequence to form a combined graphical information and time-lapse photography presentation. The time-lapse photography video image sequence and dynamic graphical information presentation are preferably time synchronized in the combined presentation. For a weather presentation of past weather conditions, the time-lapse photography video image sequence may be a video image sequence of sky conditions, with the dynamic graphical information presentation generated based on weather conditions recorded for the same period of time from a weather information source. For a presentation of forecast weather conditions, the time-lapse photography video image sequence may be selected from a database of stored prerecorded sequences, with the dynamic graphical information presentation derived from forecast weather condition information.

Abstract: Methods of modifying source images and image streams are described. These methods may be used, for example, to remove embedded digital data from images or to prevent splicing modified portions of the images to recreate the source image. One method includes the receiving a request for a selected portion of a source image stream comprising a plurality of source image frames. A distorted grid is applied to the selected portion to generate a modified selected portion. The grid is distorted spatially, temporally, or both. The modified selected portion of the source image stream in response to the request. The distortion is designed to introduce frequency domain distortion sufficient to render any embedded data unrecoverable without introducing significant visually perceptible changes to the source image or image stream.

Abstract: A display device includes a controller and an interface to display content or media (e.g., image or video data) intended for one resolution into another resolution. The controller may associate a set of neighboring pixels with a target pixel within a first display content of a first resolution. Based on an indication derived from less than all of the neighboring pixels in the first display content of the first resolution, a second display content of a second resolution may be generated. The interface may be operably coupled to the controller to display the second display content of the second resolution. In one embodiment, a combination of neighboring pixels that reduces a cost function may be determined. Using a traveling salesman algorithm, an indication may be derived from pixel characteristics for a target pixel to reconstruct a first display content of a lower resolution into a second display content of a higher resolution by minimizing the cost function.

Abstract: In the field of video displaying the low video levels do not generate large area flicker. For displaying video sources with higher frame rate, it is therefore the idea of the invention, to extract from two corresponding pixels of two successive video frames a common portion (VX) that will be displayed at a sub-frequency fv/2 while the individual portions (V1′, V2′) of the corresponding pixels video are displayed at the correct high frequency fv. The time period for displaying two frames is divided into three sub-groups. Two groups of sub-fields with similar sizes, for displaying the individual portions (V1′, V2′) and one group of sub-fields, called extra-codes, for displaying the common portion (VX). This enables to eliminate large area flicker artifacts from PDPs, when displaying 50 Hz based video norms by using upconverted 100 Hz video sequences and to display real high frequency video on the PDP (ca. up to 120 Hz) without frame dropping.

Abstract: A driving method for PDPs with variable vertical frequency. The method increases the sum of the sustain periods to obtain high brightness, by adjusting vertical frequency of a PDP through an image loading such that each image frame time displayed on the PDP is adjusted. The inventive driving method also adjusts total sustain pulses in the PDP through the image loading. To comply with the driving method, a driving apparatus is further provided to achieve the high brightness.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention and to methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention.

Abstract: A system, method, and user interface for interacting with electronically displayed content is disclosed. In response to a selection of an object, a list of menu options is displayed close to the selected object. In one embodiment, the list of menu options is displayed in a font larger than that used to display the selected object. Through the use of the invention, a user is provided with a technique for actively reading displayed content with minimal distractions from the user interface.

Abstract: A data editing system has

Abstract: Disclosed are novel methods and apparatus for efficiently providing a SCORM reader and/or progress tracker. In an embodiment, a method of displaying courseware is disclosed. The method includes: providing a content database, a course structure database, a course progress database, and a delivery component. The content database may include content data corresponding to the courseware. The course structure database may include structure data corresponding to a structure of the courseware. The course progress database may include progress data corresponding to a progress of a user through the courseware. The delivery component may display the courseware. In addition, the delivery component may communicate with the content database, the course structure database, and the course progress database to display the courseware and track the progress of the user through the courseware. In another embodiment, the method may perform its tasks without requiring direct access to an LMS.